NUR 631 EXAM 2025/2026 FALL MIDTERM | ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY |ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | PRE-EVALUATED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS.

NUR 631 EXAM 2025/2026 FALL MIDTERM | ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY |ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | PRE-EVALUATED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption? A- cells can produce proteins B- cells can secrete digestive enzymes C- cells can take in and use nutrients D- cells can synthesize fats C- cells can take in and use nutrients Where is most of the cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained? A- mitochondria B- ribosome C- nucleolus D- lysosome C- nucleolus Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? A- lysosomes B- peroxisomes C- ribosomes D- endosome B- peroxisome Which cell component is capable of cellular auto digestion when it is released during cell injury? A- ribosome B- Golgi complex C- smooth ER D- lysosome D- lysosomes Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone? A- increased HR and force of contraction B- secretion of cortisol C- increased retention of water D- breakdown of fat C- increased retention of water During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized? A- G1 B- S C- G2 D- M B- S What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as NUR 631 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps? A- lipids B- proteases C- proteins D- carbohydrates C- proteins Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases? A- cardiac and vascular disorders B- autoimmune and malignant disorders C- gastrointestinal and renal disorders D- endocrine and GI disorders B- autoimmune and malignant disorders Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane? A- carbohydrate chains B- glycoprotein channels C- membrane channel proteins D- lipid bilayer D- lipid bilayer A student asks for an explanation of the absolute refractory period of the action potential. What response by the professor is best? A- a stronger than normal impulse will evoke another response B- no stimulus is able to evoke another response at this time C- multiple stimuli can produce more rapid action potentials D- the hyper polarized state means a weaker stimulus produces a response B- no stimulus is able to evoke another response at this time Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with other cells in direct physical contact? A- protein channel (gap junction) B- plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules C- hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters D- extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands B- plasma membrane- bound signaling molecules Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells some distance away? A- paracrine B- autocrine C- neurotransmitter D- hormonal D- hormonal Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroyed, or immobilized? A- paracrine NUR 631 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. B- autocrine C- neurotransmitter D- hormone A- paracrine Neurotransmitters affect the postsynaptic membrane by binding to which structure? A- lipids NUR 631 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. B- ribosomes C- amphipathic lipids D- receptors D- receptors What is the mechanism by which the energy produced from carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids is transferred to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? A- anaerobic glycolysis B- oxidative cellular metabolism C- oxidative phosphorylation D- tricarboxylic acid phosphorylation C- oxidative phosphorylation How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid surrounding them? A- protein channel (gap junction) B- plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors) C- hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters D- chemical messengers such as ligands D- chemical messengers such as ligands Which molecule provides the second messenger necessary for extracellular communication to be activated? A- guanosine triphosphate (GTP) B- adenosine monophosphate (AMP) C- adenosine triphosphate (ATP) D- guanosine diphosphate (GDP)B- adenosine monophosphate (AMP)