NURS 209 Practice HESI Exam Questions
with correct answers
Which |critically |ill |client |has |the |greatest |risk |for |developing |acute |respiratory |distress |syndrome
|(ARDS)?
A. |Client |with |diabetic |ketoacidosis |(DKA)
B. |Client |with |atrial |fibrillation
C. |Client |with |aspiration |pneumonia
D. |Client |with |acute |kidney |failure |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Client |with |aspiration |pneumonia
Aspiration |of |acidic |gastric |contents |is |a |risk |for |ARDS. |Clients |with |DKA |may |develop |metabolic
|acidosis, |but |not |ARDS, |which |develops |in |lung |injury. |Atrial |fibrillation |does |not |cause |lung |injury
|unless |embolization |occurs. |Acute |kidney |failure |results |in |metabolic |acidosis, |not |in |acute |lung
|injury.
Which |are |risk |factors |that |are |known |to |contribute |to |atherosclerosis-related |diseases? |(Select |all
|that |apply.)
A. |Low-density |lipoprotein |cholesterol |(LDL-C) |of |160 |mg/dL
B. |Smoking
C. |Aspirin |(acetylsalicylic |acid |[ASA]) |consumption
D. |Type |2 |diabetes
E. |Vegetarian |diet |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Low-density |lipoprotein |cholesterol |(LDL-C) |of |160
|mg/dL
B. |Smoking
D. |Type |2 |diabetes
Having |an |LDL-C |value |of |less |than |100 |mg/dL |is |optimal; |100 |to |129 |mg/dL |is |near |or |less |than
|optimal; |with |LDL-C |130 |to |159 |mg/dL |(borderline |high), |the |client |is |advised |to |modify |diet |and
|exercise. |Smoking |is |a |modifiable |risk |factor |and |should |be |avoided |or |terminated, |and |diabetes |is |a
|risk |factor |for |atherosclerotic |disease. |ASA |is |used |as |prophylaxis |for |atherosclerotic |disease/coronary
|artery |disease |to |prevent |platelet |adhesion. |A |diet |high |in |whole |grains, |fruits, |and |vegetables |is
,|desirable |to |prevent |atherosclerosis; |vegetarians |usually |consume |fruits, |vegetables, |and |nonanimal
|sources |of |protein.
Which |member |of |the |health |care |team |demonstrates |reducing |the |risk |for |infection |for |a |client |with
|acquired |immune |deficiency |syndrome |(AIDS)?
A. |The |dietary |worker |hands |the |disposable |meal |trays |to |the |LPN |assigned |to |the |client.
B. |The |social |worker |encourages |the |client |to |verbalize |about |stressors |at |home.
C. |A |member |of |the |housekeeping |staff |thoroughly |cleans |and |disinfects |the |hallways |near |the |client's
|room.
D. |The |health |care |provider |orders |vital |signs, |including |temperature, |every |8 |hours. |- |VERIFIED
|ANSWER✔✔-A. |The |dietary |worker |hands |the |disposable |meal |trays |to |the |LPN |assigned |to |the
|client.
The |dietary |worker |giving |the |meal |tray |to |the |LPN |limits |the |number |of |health |care |personnel
|entering |the |room, |thus |reducing |the |risk |for |infection. |Verbalizing |stressors |does |not |reduce |the |risk
|for |infection. |Cleaning |of |bathrooms, |not |hallways, |at |least |once |daily |by |housekeeping |staff |reduces
|risk |for |infection. |Vital |signs, |including |temperature, |should |be |taken |every |4 |hours |to |detect
|potential |infection, |but |this |does |not |reduce |the |risk |for |infection.
The |nurse |is |instructing |an |unlicensed |health |care |worker |on |the |care |of |a |client |with |human |immune
|deficiency |virus |(HIV) |who |also |has |active |genital |herpes. |Which |statement |by |the |health |care |worker
|indicates |effective |teaching |of |Standard |Precautions?
A. |"I |need |to |know |my |HIV |status, |so |I |must |get |tested |before |caring |for |any |clients."
B. |"Putting |on |a |gown |and |gloves |will |cover |up |the |itchy |sores |on |my |elbows."
C. |"Washing |my |hands |and |putting |on |a |gown |and |gloves |is |what |I |must |do |before |starting |care."
D. |"I |will |wash |my |hands |before |going |into |the |room, |and |then |will |put |on |a |gown |and |gloves |only
|for |direct |contact |with |the |client's |genitals." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |"Washing |my |hands |and
|putting |on |a |gown |and |gloves |is |what |I |must |do |before |starting |care."
Standard |Precautions |include |whatever |personal |protective |equipment |(PPE) |is |necessary |for |the
|prevention |of |transmission |of |HIV |and |genital |herpes. |Knowing |HIV |status |is |important |for |preventing
|transmission |of |HIV, |but |is |not |a |Standard |Precaution. |Health |care |workers |with |weeping |dermatitis
|should |not |provide |direct |client |care |regardless |of |the |use |of |a |gown |and |gloves. |Unlicensed |health
|care |workers |cannot |make |the |determination |of |what |is |required |for |PPE |or |Standard |Precautions.
,Which |statement |made |to |the |nurse |by |a |health |care |worker |assigned |to |care |for |a |client |with
|human |immune |deficiency |virus |(HIV) |indicates |a |breach |of |confidentiality |and |requires |further
|education |by |the |nurse?
A. |"I |told |family |members |they |need |to |wash |their |hands |when |they |enter |and |leave |the |room."
B. |"The |other |health |care |worker |and |I |were |out |in |the |hallway |discussing |our |concern |about |getting
|HIV |from |our |client."
C. |"Yes, |I |understand |the |reasons |why |I |have |to |wear |gloves |when |I |bathe |the |client."
D. |"The |client's |spouse |told |me |she |got |HIV |from |a |blood |transfusion." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B.
|"The |other |health |care |worker |and |I |were |out |in |the |hallway |discussing |our |concern |about |getting
|HIV |from |our |client."
Discussing |this |client's |illness |outside |of |the |client's |room |is |a |breach |of |confidentiality |and |requires
|further |education |by |the |nurse. |Instruction |on |handwashing |to |family |members |or |friends |is |not |a
|breach |of |confidentiality. |Understanding |the |reasons |for |wearing |gloves |recognizes |Standard
|Precautions |in |direct |care |and |is |not |a |breach |of |confidentiality. |Relaying |a |direct |conversation |to |the
|nurse |is |not |a |breach |of |confidentiality.
When |preparing |a |client |newly |diagnosed |with |human |immune |deficiency |virus |(HIV) |and |the
|significant |other |for |discharge, |which |explanation |by |the |nurse |accurately |describes |proper |condom
|use?
A. |"Condoms |should |be |used |when |lesions |are |present |on |the |penis."
B. |"Always |position |the |condom |with |a |space |at |the |tip |of |an |erect |penis."
C. |"Make |sure |it |fits |loosely |to |allow |for |penile |erection."
D. |"Use |adequate |lubrication, |such |as |petroleum |jelly." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |"Always |position
|the |condom |with |a |space |at |the |tip |of |an |erect |penis."
Positioning |the |condom |with |a |space |at |the |tip |of |the |erect |penis |allows |for |the |collection |of |semen
|at |the |tip |of |the |condom. |Condoms |must |be |used |by |HIV-infected |people |at |all |times |for |sexual
|activity, |with |or |without |the |presence |of |lesions. |Condoms |should |be |applied |on |an |erect |penis |and
|should |fit |snugly, |leaving |space |without |air |at |the |tip. |Lubricants |should |be |water-based |only.
The |home |health |nurse |is |making |an |initial |home |visit |to |a |client |currently |living |with |family |members
|after |being |hospitalized |with |pneumonia |and |newly |diagnosed |with |acquired |immune |deficiency
, |syndrome |(AIDS). |Which |statement |by |the |nurse |best |acknowledges |the |client's |fear |of |discovery |by
|his |family?
A. |"Do |you |think |that |I |could |post |a |sign |on |your |bedroom |door |for |everyone |about |the |need |to
|wash |their |hands?"
B. |"Is |there |somewhere |private |in |the |home |where |we |can |go |and |talk?"
C. |"I |hope |that |all |of |your |family |members |know |about |your |disease |and |how |you |need |to |be
|protected, |because |you |have |been |so |sick."
D. |"It |is |your |duty |to |protect |your |family |members |from |getting |AIDS." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |"Is
|there |somewhere |private |in |the |home |where |we |can |go |and |talk?"
A |nonthreatening |approach |used |initially |to |find |out |whether |the |client |has |informed |family |members
|or |desires |privacy |is |very |important. |The |client |has |a |right |to |privacy |and |can |make |the |decision
|whether |to |post |handwashing |signs; |caution |signs |invade |the |client's |right |to |privacy. |Protection |from
|infection |is |important, |but |stating |that |the |family |members |should |know |about |the |disease |is |not
|respectful |of |the |client's |right |to |privacy. |The |nurse |suggesting |that |it |is |the |client's |responsibility |to
|protect |his |or |her |family |from |getting |AIDS |is |an |intimidating |statement. |It |is |the |client's |right |to
|make |the |decision |whether |to |inform |family |members |about |his |or |her |illness. |However, |this
|"nonaction" |could |be |grounds |for |a |lawsuit |if |the |client |were |to |infect |someone |inadvertently.
In |discharging |a |client |diagnosed |with |acquired |immune |deficiency |syndrome |(AIDS), |which |statement
|by |the |nurse |uses |a |nonjudgmental |approach |in |discussing |sexual |practices |and |behaviors?
A. |"Have |you |had |sex |with |men |or |women |or |both?"
B. |"I |hope |you |use |condoms |to |protect |your |partners."
C. |"You |must |tell |me |all |of |your |partners' |names, |so |I |can |let |them |know |about |possibly |having |AIDS."
D. |"You |must |tell |me |if |you |have |a |history |of |any |sexually |transmitted |diseases |because |the |public
|health |department |needs |to |know." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |"Have |you |had |sex |with |men |or
|women |or |both?"
The |straightforward |approach |of |asking |the |client |about |having |sex |with |men |or |women |is
|nonjudgmental |and |most |appropriate. |"I |hope |you |use..." |is |a |judgmental |statement. |Naming
|partners |is |voluntary; |also, |assuming |that |more |than |one |partner |exists |is |judgmental |and
|presumptuous. |Asking |for |information |in |the |name |of |the |public |health |department |is |not
|straightforward, |and |the |tone |of |this |entire |statement |is |judgmental.
Which |factor |relates |most |directly |to |a |diagnosis |of |primary |immune |deficiency?
with correct answers
Which |critically |ill |client |has |the |greatest |risk |for |developing |acute |respiratory |distress |syndrome
|(ARDS)?
A. |Client |with |diabetic |ketoacidosis |(DKA)
B. |Client |with |atrial |fibrillation
C. |Client |with |aspiration |pneumonia
D. |Client |with |acute |kidney |failure |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Client |with |aspiration |pneumonia
Aspiration |of |acidic |gastric |contents |is |a |risk |for |ARDS. |Clients |with |DKA |may |develop |metabolic
|acidosis, |but |not |ARDS, |which |develops |in |lung |injury. |Atrial |fibrillation |does |not |cause |lung |injury
|unless |embolization |occurs. |Acute |kidney |failure |results |in |metabolic |acidosis, |not |in |acute |lung
|injury.
Which |are |risk |factors |that |are |known |to |contribute |to |atherosclerosis-related |diseases? |(Select |all
|that |apply.)
A. |Low-density |lipoprotein |cholesterol |(LDL-C) |of |160 |mg/dL
B. |Smoking
C. |Aspirin |(acetylsalicylic |acid |[ASA]) |consumption
D. |Type |2 |diabetes
E. |Vegetarian |diet |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |Low-density |lipoprotein |cholesterol |(LDL-C) |of |160
|mg/dL
B. |Smoking
D. |Type |2 |diabetes
Having |an |LDL-C |value |of |less |than |100 |mg/dL |is |optimal; |100 |to |129 |mg/dL |is |near |or |less |than
|optimal; |with |LDL-C |130 |to |159 |mg/dL |(borderline |high), |the |client |is |advised |to |modify |diet |and
|exercise. |Smoking |is |a |modifiable |risk |factor |and |should |be |avoided |or |terminated, |and |diabetes |is |a
|risk |factor |for |atherosclerotic |disease. |ASA |is |used |as |prophylaxis |for |atherosclerotic |disease/coronary
|artery |disease |to |prevent |platelet |adhesion. |A |diet |high |in |whole |grains, |fruits, |and |vegetables |is
,|desirable |to |prevent |atherosclerosis; |vegetarians |usually |consume |fruits, |vegetables, |and |nonanimal
|sources |of |protein.
Which |member |of |the |health |care |team |demonstrates |reducing |the |risk |for |infection |for |a |client |with
|acquired |immune |deficiency |syndrome |(AIDS)?
A. |The |dietary |worker |hands |the |disposable |meal |trays |to |the |LPN |assigned |to |the |client.
B. |The |social |worker |encourages |the |client |to |verbalize |about |stressors |at |home.
C. |A |member |of |the |housekeeping |staff |thoroughly |cleans |and |disinfects |the |hallways |near |the |client's
|room.
D. |The |health |care |provider |orders |vital |signs, |including |temperature, |every |8 |hours. |- |VERIFIED
|ANSWER✔✔-A. |The |dietary |worker |hands |the |disposable |meal |trays |to |the |LPN |assigned |to |the
|client.
The |dietary |worker |giving |the |meal |tray |to |the |LPN |limits |the |number |of |health |care |personnel
|entering |the |room, |thus |reducing |the |risk |for |infection. |Verbalizing |stressors |does |not |reduce |the |risk
|for |infection. |Cleaning |of |bathrooms, |not |hallways, |at |least |once |daily |by |housekeeping |staff |reduces
|risk |for |infection. |Vital |signs, |including |temperature, |should |be |taken |every |4 |hours |to |detect
|potential |infection, |but |this |does |not |reduce |the |risk |for |infection.
The |nurse |is |instructing |an |unlicensed |health |care |worker |on |the |care |of |a |client |with |human |immune
|deficiency |virus |(HIV) |who |also |has |active |genital |herpes. |Which |statement |by |the |health |care |worker
|indicates |effective |teaching |of |Standard |Precautions?
A. |"I |need |to |know |my |HIV |status, |so |I |must |get |tested |before |caring |for |any |clients."
B. |"Putting |on |a |gown |and |gloves |will |cover |up |the |itchy |sores |on |my |elbows."
C. |"Washing |my |hands |and |putting |on |a |gown |and |gloves |is |what |I |must |do |before |starting |care."
D. |"I |will |wash |my |hands |before |going |into |the |room, |and |then |will |put |on |a |gown |and |gloves |only
|for |direct |contact |with |the |client's |genitals." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |"Washing |my |hands |and
|putting |on |a |gown |and |gloves |is |what |I |must |do |before |starting |care."
Standard |Precautions |include |whatever |personal |protective |equipment |(PPE) |is |necessary |for |the
|prevention |of |transmission |of |HIV |and |genital |herpes. |Knowing |HIV |status |is |important |for |preventing
|transmission |of |HIV, |but |is |not |a |Standard |Precaution. |Health |care |workers |with |weeping |dermatitis
|should |not |provide |direct |client |care |regardless |of |the |use |of |a |gown |and |gloves. |Unlicensed |health
|care |workers |cannot |make |the |determination |of |what |is |required |for |PPE |or |Standard |Precautions.
,Which |statement |made |to |the |nurse |by |a |health |care |worker |assigned |to |care |for |a |client |with
|human |immune |deficiency |virus |(HIV) |indicates |a |breach |of |confidentiality |and |requires |further
|education |by |the |nurse?
A. |"I |told |family |members |they |need |to |wash |their |hands |when |they |enter |and |leave |the |room."
B. |"The |other |health |care |worker |and |I |were |out |in |the |hallway |discussing |our |concern |about |getting
|HIV |from |our |client."
C. |"Yes, |I |understand |the |reasons |why |I |have |to |wear |gloves |when |I |bathe |the |client."
D. |"The |client's |spouse |told |me |she |got |HIV |from |a |blood |transfusion." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B.
|"The |other |health |care |worker |and |I |were |out |in |the |hallway |discussing |our |concern |about |getting
|HIV |from |our |client."
Discussing |this |client's |illness |outside |of |the |client's |room |is |a |breach |of |confidentiality |and |requires
|further |education |by |the |nurse. |Instruction |on |handwashing |to |family |members |or |friends |is |not |a
|breach |of |confidentiality. |Understanding |the |reasons |for |wearing |gloves |recognizes |Standard
|Precautions |in |direct |care |and |is |not |a |breach |of |confidentiality. |Relaying |a |direct |conversation |to |the
|nurse |is |not |a |breach |of |confidentiality.
When |preparing |a |client |newly |diagnosed |with |human |immune |deficiency |virus |(HIV) |and |the
|significant |other |for |discharge, |which |explanation |by |the |nurse |accurately |describes |proper |condom
|use?
A. |"Condoms |should |be |used |when |lesions |are |present |on |the |penis."
B. |"Always |position |the |condom |with |a |space |at |the |tip |of |an |erect |penis."
C. |"Make |sure |it |fits |loosely |to |allow |for |penile |erection."
D. |"Use |adequate |lubrication, |such |as |petroleum |jelly." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |"Always |position
|the |condom |with |a |space |at |the |tip |of |an |erect |penis."
Positioning |the |condom |with |a |space |at |the |tip |of |the |erect |penis |allows |for |the |collection |of |semen
|at |the |tip |of |the |condom. |Condoms |must |be |used |by |HIV-infected |people |at |all |times |for |sexual
|activity, |with |or |without |the |presence |of |lesions. |Condoms |should |be |applied |on |an |erect |penis |and
|should |fit |snugly, |leaving |space |without |air |at |the |tip. |Lubricants |should |be |water-based |only.
The |home |health |nurse |is |making |an |initial |home |visit |to |a |client |currently |living |with |family |members
|after |being |hospitalized |with |pneumonia |and |newly |diagnosed |with |acquired |immune |deficiency
, |syndrome |(AIDS). |Which |statement |by |the |nurse |best |acknowledges |the |client's |fear |of |discovery |by
|his |family?
A. |"Do |you |think |that |I |could |post |a |sign |on |your |bedroom |door |for |everyone |about |the |need |to
|wash |their |hands?"
B. |"Is |there |somewhere |private |in |the |home |where |we |can |go |and |talk?"
C. |"I |hope |that |all |of |your |family |members |know |about |your |disease |and |how |you |need |to |be
|protected, |because |you |have |been |so |sick."
D. |"It |is |your |duty |to |protect |your |family |members |from |getting |AIDS." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |"Is
|there |somewhere |private |in |the |home |where |we |can |go |and |talk?"
A |nonthreatening |approach |used |initially |to |find |out |whether |the |client |has |informed |family |members
|or |desires |privacy |is |very |important. |The |client |has |a |right |to |privacy |and |can |make |the |decision
|whether |to |post |handwashing |signs; |caution |signs |invade |the |client's |right |to |privacy. |Protection |from
|infection |is |important, |but |stating |that |the |family |members |should |know |about |the |disease |is |not
|respectful |of |the |client's |right |to |privacy. |The |nurse |suggesting |that |it |is |the |client's |responsibility |to
|protect |his |or |her |family |from |getting |AIDS |is |an |intimidating |statement. |It |is |the |client's |right |to
|make |the |decision |whether |to |inform |family |members |about |his |or |her |illness. |However, |this
|"nonaction" |could |be |grounds |for |a |lawsuit |if |the |client |were |to |infect |someone |inadvertently.
In |discharging |a |client |diagnosed |with |acquired |immune |deficiency |syndrome |(AIDS), |which |statement
|by |the |nurse |uses |a |nonjudgmental |approach |in |discussing |sexual |practices |and |behaviors?
A. |"Have |you |had |sex |with |men |or |women |or |both?"
B. |"I |hope |you |use |condoms |to |protect |your |partners."
C. |"You |must |tell |me |all |of |your |partners' |names, |so |I |can |let |them |know |about |possibly |having |AIDS."
D. |"You |must |tell |me |if |you |have |a |history |of |any |sexually |transmitted |diseases |because |the |public
|health |department |needs |to |know." |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A. |"Have |you |had |sex |with |men |or
|women |or |both?"
The |straightforward |approach |of |asking |the |client |about |having |sex |with |men |or |women |is
|nonjudgmental |and |most |appropriate. |"I |hope |you |use..." |is |a |judgmental |statement. |Naming
|partners |is |voluntary; |also, |assuming |that |more |than |one |partner |exists |is |judgmental |and
|presumptuous. |Asking |for |information |in |the |name |of |the |public |health |department |is |not
|straightforward, |and |the |tone |of |this |entire |statement |is |judgmental.
Which |factor |relates |most |directly |to |a |diagnosis |of |primary |immune |deficiency?
