ALD Exam Questions with solved
solutions
Neurogenic Communication Disorder - ANSWER>>A problem with
communication that arises as a result of damage to the brain or other
part of the nervous system
Could include: aphasia, dysarthria, apraxia of speech, dementia, and
right hemisphere/non-dominant hemisphere disorders
Aphasia - ANSWER>>Neurologically based language disorder
Dysarthria - ANSWER>>Group of neurologically based motor-speech
disorders as a result of paralysis, weakness or incoordination.
Characterized by impaired strength, speed, range, accuracy, tone,
consistency (smoothness or steadiness). Can involve aspects of
respiration, phonation, articulation resonation and/oor prosody.
Apraxia of Speech - ANSWER>>Neurogenic speech sound disorder
due to sensorimotor deficits which affect production, coordination,
sequencing for sound production. Disorder of volitional speech
production in the absence of muscle weakness or paralysis.
Dementia - ANSWER>>Acquired neurologic condition associated with
persistent or progressive deterioration in intellectual functions,
emotions and behaviors
Right Hemisphere/Non-dominant hemisphere impairment/syndrome -
ANSWER>>Acquired neurologic condition as a result of insult/injury to
,the non-dominant hemisphere. Often see impairments with
understanding the "gestalt" meaning, facial/emotional recognition and
expression, drawing and copying often due to left neglect, attention,
orientation, perception of meaning from prosody/tone/inflection,
pragmatic deficits, ect.
Cognition - ANSWER>>Ability to acquire process knowledge. ABility to
"think", to process thought
Arousal - ANSWER>>The level of wakefulness and the ability to
respond to stimuli
Orienting - ANSWER>>The ability to direct attention toward the
stimulus
Vigilance - ANSWER>>The ability stay alert to the occurrence of a
possible stimulus
Attention - ANSWER>>The ability to hold focus on a stimulus when
aroused enough to know that the stimulus is there and to use orienting
skills and direct attention to the stimulus
Working Memory - ANSWER>>The ability to hold a finite amount of
information in the mind for immediate processing and manipulating
Short Term Memory - ANSWER>>The retention of information for
longer than 30 seconds up to a few hours
, Long Term Memory - ANSWER>>Ability to retain information
successfully for months or years
Procedural Memory - ANSWER>>The encoding, storing, and retrieving
of sequences of individual actions used to achieve larger objectives
Declarative Memory - ANSWER>>The ability to remember facts
(presidents)
Episodic Memory - ANSWER>>The recall of specific, recently
experienced events or episodes (weddings)
Orientation - ANSWER>>The ability of individuals to know who they
are, where they are, and when they are
Active Orientation - ANSWER>>Ability to get from one place to another
Passive Orientation - ANSWER>>Do they know the date, month, day
of the week
Problem Solving - ANSWER>>Ability to find an appropriate solution to
a problem challenge
Inferencing - ANSWER>>The ability to take previous knowledge and
experience and apply it to the interpretation of the present situation.
The ability to make a leap in judgement to a correct interpretation of
the overall meaning
solutions
Neurogenic Communication Disorder - ANSWER>>A problem with
communication that arises as a result of damage to the brain or other
part of the nervous system
Could include: aphasia, dysarthria, apraxia of speech, dementia, and
right hemisphere/non-dominant hemisphere disorders
Aphasia - ANSWER>>Neurologically based language disorder
Dysarthria - ANSWER>>Group of neurologically based motor-speech
disorders as a result of paralysis, weakness or incoordination.
Characterized by impaired strength, speed, range, accuracy, tone,
consistency (smoothness or steadiness). Can involve aspects of
respiration, phonation, articulation resonation and/oor prosody.
Apraxia of Speech - ANSWER>>Neurogenic speech sound disorder
due to sensorimotor deficits which affect production, coordination,
sequencing for sound production. Disorder of volitional speech
production in the absence of muscle weakness or paralysis.
Dementia - ANSWER>>Acquired neurologic condition associated with
persistent or progressive deterioration in intellectual functions,
emotions and behaviors
Right Hemisphere/Non-dominant hemisphere impairment/syndrome -
ANSWER>>Acquired neurologic condition as a result of insult/injury to
,the non-dominant hemisphere. Often see impairments with
understanding the "gestalt" meaning, facial/emotional recognition and
expression, drawing and copying often due to left neglect, attention,
orientation, perception of meaning from prosody/tone/inflection,
pragmatic deficits, ect.
Cognition - ANSWER>>Ability to acquire process knowledge. ABility to
"think", to process thought
Arousal - ANSWER>>The level of wakefulness and the ability to
respond to stimuli
Orienting - ANSWER>>The ability to direct attention toward the
stimulus
Vigilance - ANSWER>>The ability stay alert to the occurrence of a
possible stimulus
Attention - ANSWER>>The ability to hold focus on a stimulus when
aroused enough to know that the stimulus is there and to use orienting
skills and direct attention to the stimulus
Working Memory - ANSWER>>The ability to hold a finite amount of
information in the mind for immediate processing and manipulating
Short Term Memory - ANSWER>>The retention of information for
longer than 30 seconds up to a few hours
, Long Term Memory - ANSWER>>Ability to retain information
successfully for months or years
Procedural Memory - ANSWER>>The encoding, storing, and retrieving
of sequences of individual actions used to achieve larger objectives
Declarative Memory - ANSWER>>The ability to remember facts
(presidents)
Episodic Memory - ANSWER>>The recall of specific, recently
experienced events or episodes (weddings)
Orientation - ANSWER>>The ability of individuals to know who they
are, where they are, and when they are
Active Orientation - ANSWER>>Ability to get from one place to another
Passive Orientation - ANSWER>>Do they know the date, month, day
of the week
Problem Solving - ANSWER>>Ability to find an appropriate solution to
a problem challenge
Inferencing - ANSWER>>The ability to take previous knowledge and
experience and apply it to the interpretation of the present situation.
The ability to make a leap in judgement to a correct interpretation of
the overall meaning
