The Great Depression
Stock Market Crash, 1929 - ANSWERS1929-1936 economic downfall of USA
Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 1930 - ANSWERSCongressional compromise serving special interest, it raised duties on
agricultural and manufactured imports. It may have contributed to the spread of the international depression.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 1932 - ANSWERSCreated under the presidency of Herbert Hoover, was
designed to give out loans to banks, railroads, and monopolistic companies in order to pump money back into
the economy during the years of the Depression.
Bonus Army, 1932 - ANSWERSgroup of jobless World War I veterans who came to Washington to lobby
Congress for immediate payment of money promised them in 1945; Hoover opposed payment, and when he
used the U.S. Army to drive the veterans out of the capital, he was portrayed as cruel and cold-hearted.
First New Deal (First Hundred Days), March 4-June 16, 1933 - ANSWERSIn Roosevelt's first 100 days, he passed
the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the Federal Emergency Relief Agency, and more; an active presidency
beginning with many relief programs for Americans
Emergency Banking Relief Act (Bank Holiday), 1933 - ANSWERSgave the President power over the banking
system and set up a system by which banks would be reorganized or reopened
FDIC, 1933 - ANSWERSFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation; The U.S. corporation insuring deposits in the
U.S. against bank failure. This organization was created in 1933 to maintain public confidence and encourage
stability in the financial system through the promotion of sound banking practices; insures accounts in
national banks and other qualified institutions
CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), 1933 - ANSWERS1933, Hired 3 million young men to work in government
national parks. Most popular New Deal program, Relief/Recovery
PWA, 1933 - ANSWERSPublic Works Administration; Received $3.3 billion appropriation from Congress for
public works projects.; It built large-scale public works such as dams, bridges, hospitals, and schools. Its goals
, were to spend $3.3 billion in the first year, and $6 billion in all, to provide employment, stabilize purchasing
power, and help revive the economy.
AAA, 1933 - ANSWERSAgricultural Adjustment Act - paid farmer to limit their crop production to correct for
overproduction; Protected farmers from price drops by providing crop subsidies to reduce production,
educational programs to teach methods of preventing soil erosion.
TVA, 1933 - ANSWERSTennessee Valley Authority; Federal government build series of dams to prevent
flooding and sell electricity. First public competition with private power industries; a federally owned
corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide navigation, flood
control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a
region particularly affected by the Great Depression.
FERA, 1933 - ANSWERSFederal Emergency Relief Administration was the new name given by the Roosevelt
Administration to the Emergency Relief Administration which President Herbert Hoover had created in 1932. It
was established as a result of the Federal Emergency Relief Act and was replaced in 1935 by the Works
Progress Administration.
Its main goal was alleviating household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs in local and state
government. Jobs were more expensive than direct cash payments (called "the dole"), but were
psychologically more beneficial to the unemployed, who wanted any sort of job, for self-esteem, to play the
role of male breadwinner.
Distributed millions of dollars of direct aid to unemployed workers.
NIRA & NRA, 1933 - ANSWERSNational Industrial Recovery Act: Title I was devoted to industrial recovery, and
authorized the promulgation of industrial codes of fair competition, guaranteed trade union rights, permitted
the regulation of working standards, and regulated the price of certain refined petroleum products and their
transportation. Title II established the Public Works Administration, outlined the projects and funding
opportunities it could engage in, and funded the Act. (Created this organization to enforce codes of fair
competition, minimum wages, and to permit collective bargaining of workers.)
The National Recovery Administration was the primary New Deal agency established by U.S. president Franklin
D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal was to eliminate "cut-throat competition" by bringing industry, labor and
government together to create codes of "fair practices" and set prices. The NRA was created by the National
Industrial Recovery Act and allowed industries to get together and write "codes of fair competition." The NRA
had a two-year renewal charter and was set to expire in June 1935 if not renewed. It was declared
unconstitutional in 1935.
Stock Market Crash, 1929 - ANSWERS1929-1936 economic downfall of USA
Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 1930 - ANSWERSCongressional compromise serving special interest, it raised duties on
agricultural and manufactured imports. It may have contributed to the spread of the international depression.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 1932 - ANSWERSCreated under the presidency of Herbert Hoover, was
designed to give out loans to banks, railroads, and monopolistic companies in order to pump money back into
the economy during the years of the Depression.
Bonus Army, 1932 - ANSWERSgroup of jobless World War I veterans who came to Washington to lobby
Congress for immediate payment of money promised them in 1945; Hoover opposed payment, and when he
used the U.S. Army to drive the veterans out of the capital, he was portrayed as cruel and cold-hearted.
First New Deal (First Hundred Days), March 4-June 16, 1933 - ANSWERSIn Roosevelt's first 100 days, he passed
the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the Federal Emergency Relief Agency, and more; an active presidency
beginning with many relief programs for Americans
Emergency Banking Relief Act (Bank Holiday), 1933 - ANSWERSgave the President power over the banking
system and set up a system by which banks would be reorganized or reopened
FDIC, 1933 - ANSWERSFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation; The U.S. corporation insuring deposits in the
U.S. against bank failure. This organization was created in 1933 to maintain public confidence and encourage
stability in the financial system through the promotion of sound banking practices; insures accounts in
national banks and other qualified institutions
CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), 1933 - ANSWERS1933, Hired 3 million young men to work in government
national parks. Most popular New Deal program, Relief/Recovery
PWA, 1933 - ANSWERSPublic Works Administration; Received $3.3 billion appropriation from Congress for
public works projects.; It built large-scale public works such as dams, bridges, hospitals, and schools. Its goals
, were to spend $3.3 billion in the first year, and $6 billion in all, to provide employment, stabilize purchasing
power, and help revive the economy.
AAA, 1933 - ANSWERSAgricultural Adjustment Act - paid farmer to limit their crop production to correct for
overproduction; Protected farmers from price drops by providing crop subsidies to reduce production,
educational programs to teach methods of preventing soil erosion.
TVA, 1933 - ANSWERSTennessee Valley Authority; Federal government build series of dams to prevent
flooding and sell electricity. First public competition with private power industries; a federally owned
corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide navigation, flood
control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a
region particularly affected by the Great Depression.
FERA, 1933 - ANSWERSFederal Emergency Relief Administration was the new name given by the Roosevelt
Administration to the Emergency Relief Administration which President Herbert Hoover had created in 1932. It
was established as a result of the Federal Emergency Relief Act and was replaced in 1935 by the Works
Progress Administration.
Its main goal was alleviating household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs in local and state
government. Jobs were more expensive than direct cash payments (called "the dole"), but were
psychologically more beneficial to the unemployed, who wanted any sort of job, for self-esteem, to play the
role of male breadwinner.
Distributed millions of dollars of direct aid to unemployed workers.
NIRA & NRA, 1933 - ANSWERSNational Industrial Recovery Act: Title I was devoted to industrial recovery, and
authorized the promulgation of industrial codes of fair competition, guaranteed trade union rights, permitted
the regulation of working standards, and regulated the price of certain refined petroleum products and their
transportation. Title II established the Public Works Administration, outlined the projects and funding
opportunities it could engage in, and funded the Act. (Created this organization to enforce codes of fair
competition, minimum wages, and to permit collective bargaining of workers.)
The National Recovery Administration was the primary New Deal agency established by U.S. president Franklin
D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal was to eliminate "cut-throat competition" by bringing industry, labor and
government together to create codes of "fair practices" and set prices. The NRA was created by the National
Industrial Recovery Act and allowed industries to get together and write "codes of fair competition." The NRA
had a two-year renewal charter and was set to expire in June 1935 if not renewed. It was declared
unconstitutional in 1935.
