FRESENIUS PCT NEW HIRE EXAM
Questions with Correct Answers
What causes increased venous pressure? Kinks, clamp or occlusion on venous line
Infiltration or poor needle placement
Clotting in:
Needle
CVC
Venous chamber
lines or dialyzer
Machine malfunction
Wet or bloody transducer protectors
Venous infiltration
How do you test for a small blood leak? Testing for a small blood leak consists of
dipping a FMS approved blood leak test strip into
dialysate obtained from the outflow (arterial/red)
dialysate port. The blood leak test strip will change
,color if it is positive for blood. Do not return blood if
the test is positive or if there are visible signs of
blood in the dialysate.
How is a large/major blood leak treated? In the case of a large/major blood leak, where
the dialysate appears bloody or blood tinged, do not
return the blood
recommend weight gain for pt? 1.5-2.0 kg/day
Av graft advantages? Large surface area for cannulation
Technically easy to cannulate
Healing time is short
Variety shapes and configurations
Easy to implant, construct, and surgically repair
Av graft disadvantages? Increased rate of stenosis; increased clotting
Increased infection rates
, Increased bleed time at the end of a treatment
Require replacement, especially if the cannulation sites
are not rotated
No collateral circulation develops
CVC advantages? Immediate use after verification of placement Higher
No need for patient to achieve hemostasis at the end of
treatment
CVC Disadvantages? Higher potential for air embolism
Prone to infection and clotting
Last option and sometimes only option for patients
Lower BFRs=increased treatment time to improve
adequacy
Long-term use can lead to major vessel stenosis
Reversing the lines will cause increased recirculation and decreased adequacy
Av fistula advantgates? Uses the patient's own vessels Length of time to
Questions with Correct Answers
What causes increased venous pressure? Kinks, clamp or occlusion on venous line
Infiltration or poor needle placement
Clotting in:
Needle
CVC
Venous chamber
lines or dialyzer
Machine malfunction
Wet or bloody transducer protectors
Venous infiltration
How do you test for a small blood leak? Testing for a small blood leak consists of
dipping a FMS approved blood leak test strip into
dialysate obtained from the outflow (arterial/red)
dialysate port. The blood leak test strip will change
,color if it is positive for blood. Do not return blood if
the test is positive or if there are visible signs of
blood in the dialysate.
How is a large/major blood leak treated? In the case of a large/major blood leak, where
the dialysate appears bloody or blood tinged, do not
return the blood
recommend weight gain for pt? 1.5-2.0 kg/day
Av graft advantages? Large surface area for cannulation
Technically easy to cannulate
Healing time is short
Variety shapes and configurations
Easy to implant, construct, and surgically repair
Av graft disadvantages? Increased rate of stenosis; increased clotting
Increased infection rates
, Increased bleed time at the end of a treatment
Require replacement, especially if the cannulation sites
are not rotated
No collateral circulation develops
CVC advantages? Immediate use after verification of placement Higher
No need for patient to achieve hemostasis at the end of
treatment
CVC Disadvantages? Higher potential for air embolism
Prone to infection and clotting
Last option and sometimes only option for patients
Lower BFRs=increased treatment time to improve
adequacy
Long-term use can lead to major vessel stenosis
Reversing the lines will cause increased recirculation and decreased adequacy
Av fistula advantgates? Uses the patient's own vessels Length of time to
