MCB 2010 Test 2 (IRSC) Exam Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Solved| Grade A+
Biosafety Level 1 Handling pathogens that do not cause disease in healthy humans
Biosafety Level 2 Handling moderately hazardous agents
Biosafety Level 3 Handling microbes in safety cabinets
Biosafety Level 4 Handling microbes that cause severe or fatal disease
Historical pasteurization 63 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes
Flash pasteurization 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds
Ultra high temperature pasteurization 135 degrees celsius for 1 second
Ultra high temperature sterilization 140 degrees Celsius for 1-3 seconds
central dogma DNA transcribed to RNA which is then translated to form polypeptides
replication starts at origin of replication
Ends at termination of replication
bidirectional
transcription the information in DNA is copied as RNA nucleotide sequences
translation The process whereby ribosomes use the genetic information of nucleotide
sequences to synthesize polypeptides composed of specific amino acid sequences
, What subunits are prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes made of? Prokaryotes- 30S and
50S
Eukaryotes- 40S and 60S
What is a codon? a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code
in a DNA or RNA molecule
plasmid Small molecules of DNA that replicate independently; only in prokaryotes
What kind of genes are usually on plasmids? Not essential for normal metabolism, growth,
or reproduction
plasmids are advantageous for bacteria because they can confer survival advantages
ionizing radiation x-rays and gamma rays
Nonionizing radiation UV light pyrimidine dimmers
transformation One of conclusive pieces of proof that DNA is genetic material
Transduction The binding of the signal molecule changes the receptor protein in some way
conjugation occurs between two bacteria
Alteration of cell walls and membranes Cell wall maintains integrity of cell
Cells burst due to osmotic effects when damaged
Biosafety Level 1 Handling pathogens that do not cause disease in healthy humans
Biosafety Level 2 Handling moderately hazardous agents
Biosafety Level 3 Handling microbes in safety cabinets
Biosafety Level 4 Handling microbes that cause severe or fatal disease
Historical pasteurization 63 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes
Flash pasteurization 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds
Ultra high temperature pasteurization 135 degrees celsius for 1 second
Ultra high temperature sterilization 140 degrees Celsius for 1-3 seconds
central dogma DNA transcribed to RNA which is then translated to form polypeptides
replication starts at origin of replication
Ends at termination of replication
bidirectional
transcription the information in DNA is copied as RNA nucleotide sequences
translation The process whereby ribosomes use the genetic information of nucleotide
sequences to synthesize polypeptides composed of specific amino acid sequences
, What subunits are prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes made of? Prokaryotes- 30S and
50S
Eukaryotes- 40S and 60S
What is a codon? a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code
in a DNA or RNA molecule
plasmid Small molecules of DNA that replicate independently; only in prokaryotes
What kind of genes are usually on plasmids? Not essential for normal metabolism, growth,
or reproduction
plasmids are advantageous for bacteria because they can confer survival advantages
ionizing radiation x-rays and gamma rays
Nonionizing radiation UV light pyrimidine dimmers
transformation One of conclusive pieces of proof that DNA is genetic material
Transduction The binding of the signal molecule changes the receptor protein in some way
conjugation occurs between two bacteria
Alteration of cell walls and membranes Cell wall maintains integrity of cell
Cells burst due to osmotic effects when damaged
