📘 STATISTICS EXAM
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 30 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. Can a strong correlation be determined to be 'not significant'?
A. No
B. Yes, it is possible
C. Only in large samples
D. Only in nonparametric tests
Answer: B. Yes, it is possible
EXPLANATION: A strong correlation may not reach statistical significance if the sample size
is small, which affects the p-value.
2. How can the central limit theorem be described?
A. All samples are normal
B. Population distributions must be normal
C. Sample means become normally distributed as sample size increases
D. Sample variances decrease with size
Answer: C. Sample means become normally distributed as sample size increases
EXPLANATION: According to the Central Limit Theorem, regardless of the population's
distribution, the sampling distribution of the mean approaches normality as sample size
increases.
3. How do you calculate a percentile from a rank order distribution?
A. Multiply by 100
B. Use the z-score
C. Apply the percentile formula
D. Rank it by frequency
Answer: C. Apply the percentile formula
EXPLANATION: Percentile = [(Number of values below score) / (Total number of scores)] ×
100.
, 4. How do you calculate the F value for a simple ANOVA?
A. MSW/MSB
B. SSE/SST
C. MSB / MSW
D. Mean / SD
Answer: C. MSB / MSW
EXPLANATION: ANOVA compares variance between groups (MSB) and within groups
(MSW); F = MSB / MSW.
5. How is the 99% confidence interval for a predicted variable Y represented?
A. Yp ± 2.0(SEE)
B. Yp ± 1.96(SEE)
C. Yp ± 2.5(SEE)
D. Yp ± SD
Answer: C. Yp ± 2.5(SEE)
EXPLANATION: For a 99% CI, approximately 2.5 standard errors are used on either side of
the prediction.
6. How is the t ratio calculated from VO2 data in a study?
A. By averaging all scores
B. Using a regression line
C. Based on the means and standard deviations of two groups
D. From the median difference
Answer: C. Based on the means and standard deviations of two groups
EXPLANATION: The t ratio = (mean₁ - mean₂) / standard error of the difference.
7. If Pearson r = .90, what is the shared variance?
A. 0.90%
B. 9%
C. 81%
D. 100%
Answer: C. 81%
EXPLANATION: Shared variance = r² = (.90)² = 0.81 or 81%.
8. In a histogram, what does the Y-axis represent?
A. Percentile rank
B. Frequency of data
C. Variable value
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 30 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. Can a strong correlation be determined to be 'not significant'?
A. No
B. Yes, it is possible
C. Only in large samples
D. Only in nonparametric tests
Answer: B. Yes, it is possible
EXPLANATION: A strong correlation may not reach statistical significance if the sample size
is small, which affects the p-value.
2. How can the central limit theorem be described?
A. All samples are normal
B. Population distributions must be normal
C. Sample means become normally distributed as sample size increases
D. Sample variances decrease with size
Answer: C. Sample means become normally distributed as sample size increases
EXPLANATION: According to the Central Limit Theorem, regardless of the population's
distribution, the sampling distribution of the mean approaches normality as sample size
increases.
3. How do you calculate a percentile from a rank order distribution?
A. Multiply by 100
B. Use the z-score
C. Apply the percentile formula
D. Rank it by frequency
Answer: C. Apply the percentile formula
EXPLANATION: Percentile = [(Number of values below score) / (Total number of scores)] ×
100.
, 4. How do you calculate the F value for a simple ANOVA?
A. MSW/MSB
B. SSE/SST
C. MSB / MSW
D. Mean / SD
Answer: C. MSB / MSW
EXPLANATION: ANOVA compares variance between groups (MSB) and within groups
(MSW); F = MSB / MSW.
5. How is the 99% confidence interval for a predicted variable Y represented?
A. Yp ± 2.0(SEE)
B. Yp ± 1.96(SEE)
C. Yp ± 2.5(SEE)
D. Yp ± SD
Answer: C. Yp ± 2.5(SEE)
EXPLANATION: For a 99% CI, approximately 2.5 standard errors are used on either side of
the prediction.
6. How is the t ratio calculated from VO2 data in a study?
A. By averaging all scores
B. Using a regression line
C. Based on the means and standard deviations of two groups
D. From the median difference
Answer: C. Based on the means and standard deviations of two groups
EXPLANATION: The t ratio = (mean₁ - mean₂) / standard error of the difference.
7. If Pearson r = .90, what is the shared variance?
A. 0.90%
B. 9%
C. 81%
D. 100%
Answer: C. 81%
EXPLANATION: Shared variance = r² = (.90)² = 0.81 or 81%.
8. In a histogram, what does the Y-axis represent?
A. Percentile rank
B. Frequency of data
C. Variable value
