NE-BC Certification Review questions and
answers with solutions
Autocratic Leader - ANSWER Use coercion, authority, punishment and power to control
subordinates (external control)
Democratic Leader - ANSWER Drive subordinates to influence change through participation,
involvement in goal setting and collaboration (external control)
Permissive/Laissez-Faire Leader - ANSWER Hands-off approach, assume that people are able to
make their own decisions (belief that inspiration to change is internal)
Bureaucratic Leaders - ANSWER Rely on organizational policies and rules to influence behavior
of subordinates (belief that inspiration to change is internal)
Transactional Leadership - ANSWER Both manager and employee benefit from their relationship
and interactions are meant to achieve balance
Transformational Leadership - ANSWER Encourages supportive trust and self-actualization for all
employees. Leader transform the organization through change, encourages risk-taking. Magnet
program is based on this type of leadership
Connective Leadership - ANSWER Ability to bring others together as a means of effecting
change. Leaders realize that the whole is greater the the sum of it's parts - achieve results
through collaboration, cooperation, coordination and collegiality
Sole Proprietor - ANSWER One individual business owner
,Partnership - ANSWER Two or more individuals as owners - can be general (shared equally) or
limited (one or more partners terms are limited, does not have full management responsibility)
Chain of Command - ANSWER Each unit within an organization is connected to another,
reporting relationships are constrained, with each subsequent layer reporting administratively
to the one immediately above it
Unity of Command - ANSWER Each subordinate is accountable to only one superior
Span of Control - ANSWER Defines the scope of responsibility given to a supervisor/manager.
Responsibilities are divided so that goals are accomplished without undue burden to one person
or a unit
Fair Labor Standards Act - ANSWER Sets standards for minimum wage, record keeping, OT and
child labor
FMLA - ANSWER Unpaid time off and job protection for 12 weeks for medical or family reasons
Federal Wage Garnishment Law - ANSWER restricts the amount of the paycheck that can be
used to pay off a debt, and protects workers from being fired
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - ANSWER outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or
national origin
ADA Act - ANSWER Prevents discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities and
requires reasonable accommodations
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration - ANSWER Requires safeguards to
prevent occupational exposure and infection control policies (exposure control plan, universal
, precautions, sharps disposal, training, exposure evaluation/treatment, Hep B vaccine for
healthcare workers
Workers Compensation - ANSWER 3 types of benefits for those injured on the job - cash for lost
wages, reimbursement for medical costs, death benefits to survivors (provides immunity for
further liability as accepting benefits waives right to sue)
OBRA - Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 - ANSWER Includes nursing home reform
amendments - establishes guidelines for SNFs - physical/mental assessments on admission, 1
year and with change - 24 hour nursing, nurse aid training, rehab, provider visit every 30 days
for the first 3 months and then every 90 days
Ombudsman Program - ANSWER Part of the Older Americans Act OOA, providing services to
residents of nursing homes to ensure care meets standards
EMTLA - Emergency Medical Treatment Act (and active labor) - ANSWER Requires stabilization
of patient with emergency conditions or active labor prior to transfer - transfer is indicated if
specialty services are not available - initial screening must be completed before asking for
insurance info and patient must be stable for transport
Collective Bargaining - ANSWER Negotiations between representatives of labor unions and
management to determine pay and acceptable working conditions.
Distributive Bargaining - ANSWER Competitive process in which one side wins and the other
loses (zero-sum, win-lose)
Integrative Bargaining - ANSWER Collaborative process (win-win)
Mixed Bargaining - ANSWER Combines aspects of distributive and integrative bargaining
answers with solutions
Autocratic Leader - ANSWER Use coercion, authority, punishment and power to control
subordinates (external control)
Democratic Leader - ANSWER Drive subordinates to influence change through participation,
involvement in goal setting and collaboration (external control)
Permissive/Laissez-Faire Leader - ANSWER Hands-off approach, assume that people are able to
make their own decisions (belief that inspiration to change is internal)
Bureaucratic Leaders - ANSWER Rely on organizational policies and rules to influence behavior
of subordinates (belief that inspiration to change is internal)
Transactional Leadership - ANSWER Both manager and employee benefit from their relationship
and interactions are meant to achieve balance
Transformational Leadership - ANSWER Encourages supportive trust and self-actualization for all
employees. Leader transform the organization through change, encourages risk-taking. Magnet
program is based on this type of leadership
Connective Leadership - ANSWER Ability to bring others together as a means of effecting
change. Leaders realize that the whole is greater the the sum of it's parts - achieve results
through collaboration, cooperation, coordination and collegiality
Sole Proprietor - ANSWER One individual business owner
,Partnership - ANSWER Two or more individuals as owners - can be general (shared equally) or
limited (one or more partners terms are limited, does not have full management responsibility)
Chain of Command - ANSWER Each unit within an organization is connected to another,
reporting relationships are constrained, with each subsequent layer reporting administratively
to the one immediately above it
Unity of Command - ANSWER Each subordinate is accountable to only one superior
Span of Control - ANSWER Defines the scope of responsibility given to a supervisor/manager.
Responsibilities are divided so that goals are accomplished without undue burden to one person
or a unit
Fair Labor Standards Act - ANSWER Sets standards for minimum wage, record keeping, OT and
child labor
FMLA - ANSWER Unpaid time off and job protection for 12 weeks for medical or family reasons
Federal Wage Garnishment Law - ANSWER restricts the amount of the paycheck that can be
used to pay off a debt, and protects workers from being fired
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - ANSWER outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or
national origin
ADA Act - ANSWER Prevents discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities and
requires reasonable accommodations
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration - ANSWER Requires safeguards to
prevent occupational exposure and infection control policies (exposure control plan, universal
, precautions, sharps disposal, training, exposure evaluation/treatment, Hep B vaccine for
healthcare workers
Workers Compensation - ANSWER 3 types of benefits for those injured on the job - cash for lost
wages, reimbursement for medical costs, death benefits to survivors (provides immunity for
further liability as accepting benefits waives right to sue)
OBRA - Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 - ANSWER Includes nursing home reform
amendments - establishes guidelines for SNFs - physical/mental assessments on admission, 1
year and with change - 24 hour nursing, nurse aid training, rehab, provider visit every 30 days
for the first 3 months and then every 90 days
Ombudsman Program - ANSWER Part of the Older Americans Act OOA, providing services to
residents of nursing homes to ensure care meets standards
EMTLA - Emergency Medical Treatment Act (and active labor) - ANSWER Requires stabilization
of patient with emergency conditions or active labor prior to transfer - transfer is indicated if
specialty services are not available - initial screening must be completed before asking for
insurance info and patient must be stable for transport
Collective Bargaining - ANSWER Negotiations between representatives of labor unions and
management to determine pay and acceptable working conditions.
Distributive Bargaining - ANSWER Competitive process in which one side wins and the other
loses (zero-sum, win-lose)
Integrative Bargaining - ANSWER Collaborative process (win-win)
Mixed Bargaining - ANSWER Combines aspects of distributive and integrative bargaining
