Medical-Surgical RN A Prophecy Relias
2024 – 100% Verified Questions and
Answers, Original Copy
1. Introduction
This study guide provides 80 original, non-repeating multiple-choice questions
for the Medical-Surgical RN A Prophecy Relias 2024 Exam. Each question in-
cludes four answer options, a 100% verified correct answer, and a clinical ra-
tionale based on evidence-based practice and current medical-surgical nursing
standards. Topics cover critical care, patient assessment, pharmacology, post-
operative care, and management of acute and chronic conditions. The content
is formatted for professional PDF output using LaTeX, ensuring clarity and aca-
demic rigor.
2. Multiple-Choice Questions
1. A patient with a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain post-surgery has minimal output.
How should the nurse ensure effective drain function?
A. Flush the drain with saline
B. Compress the drain, then plug the bulb to establish suction
C. Leave the drain open to air
D. Remove the drain and notify the provider
Correct Answer: B. Compress the drain, then plug the bulb to establish
suction Rationale: Compressing the JP drain and plugging the bulb creates
negative pressure, facilitating drainage of serosanguinous fluid from the
surgical site, preventing fluid accumulation, and promoting healing.
2. A male patient reports discomfort during balloon inflation while inserting
an indwelling urinary catheter. What is the nurse’s best action?
A. Continue inflation and reassure the patient
B. Deflate the balloon, advance the catheter further, then reinflate
C. Remove the catheter and try a smaller size
D. Stop the procedure and notify the provider
Correct Answer: B. Deflate the balloon, advance the catheter further, then
reinflate Rationale: Discomfort during balloon inflation suggests the bal-
loon is in the urethra rather than the bladder. Deflating, advancing the
catheter to ensure bladder placement, and reinflating prevents urethral
trauma.
1
,3. A patient with symptomatic anemia refuses a blood transfusion due to re-
ligious beliefs. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
A. Convince the patient to accept the transfusion
B. Respect the patient’s wishes and notify the provider
C. Administer IV fluids to compensate
D. Document refusal and discharge the patient
Correct Answer: B. Respect the patient’s wishes and notify the provider
Rationale: Respecting patient autonomy is a core ethical principle. Noti-
fying the provider ensures alternative treatments (e.g., iron supplementa-
tion) are considered while honoring the patient’s beliefs.
4. A patient is admitted with acute diverticulitis. What diet should the nurse
expect to be ordered?
A. High-fiber diet
B. Regular diet
C. Clear liquid diet
D. Low-residue diet
Correct Answer: C. Clear liquid diet Rationale: A clear liquid diet rests
the bowel during acute diverticulitis, reducing inflammation and prevent-
ing complications like perforation. A low-residue diet may be used later in
recovery.
5. A nurse hired for the medical unit is reassigned to the post-surgical unit
due to staffing shortages. What is the most appropriate action?
A. Refuse the assignment and leave
B. Report to the post-surgical unit
C. Request a written exemption
D. Call in sick to avoid the shift
Correct Answer: B. Report to the post-surgical unit Rationale: Accepting
the reassignment demonstrates professionalism and teamwork. The nurse
should ensure they receive orientation and support to provide safe care in
the new unit.
6. What is the primary purpose of a proton pump inhibitor like pantoprazole
(Protonix)?
A. Pain relief
B. Acid reduction
C. Anti-inflammatory action
D. Antibiotic therapy
2
, Correct Answer: B. Acid reduction Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors
reduce gastric acid production by inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in
parietal cells, used for conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.
7. Which adaptive equipment is most appropriate for a severely contracted
patient unable to bear weight during transfers?
A. Slide board
B. Gait belt
C. Patient lift (e.g., Hoyer)
D. Wheelchair with armrests
Correct Answer: C. Patient lift (e.g., Hoyer) Rationale: A patient lift en-
sures safe transfers for non-weight-bearing patients with contractures, min-
imizing risk of injury to the patient and staff.
8. Which tool should a nurse use to assess pain in an 80-year-old patient with
severe dementia?
A. Numeric pain scale
B. Wong-Baker FACES scale
C. PAINAD scale
D. Visual analog scale
Correct Answer: C. PAINAD scale Rationale: The PAINAD scale assesses
pain in patients with advanced dementia through observable behaviors
(e.g., breathing, vocalization), as they may not communicate pain verbally.
9. A patient with failure to thrive and advanced dementia is admitted from
the ED with a stage 4 pressure injury. What should the nurse do?
A. Ignore the injury as it is chronic
B. Notify the charge nurse and social worker
C. Apply a dry dressing and monitor
D. Discharge the patient to home care
Correct Answer: B. Notify the charge nurse and social worker Rationale:
A stage 4 pressure injury and failure to thrive suggest possible neglect. No-
tifying the charge nurse and social worker initiates investigation and en-
sures patient safety.
10. An 85-year-old patient with atrial fibrillation develops acute confusion af-
ter a fall 3 days ago. What order should the nurse anticipate?
A. Routine EEG
B. Stat CT of head
C. Chest X-ray
3
2024 – 100% Verified Questions and
Answers, Original Copy
1. Introduction
This study guide provides 80 original, non-repeating multiple-choice questions
for the Medical-Surgical RN A Prophecy Relias 2024 Exam. Each question in-
cludes four answer options, a 100% verified correct answer, and a clinical ra-
tionale based on evidence-based practice and current medical-surgical nursing
standards. Topics cover critical care, patient assessment, pharmacology, post-
operative care, and management of acute and chronic conditions. The content
is formatted for professional PDF output using LaTeX, ensuring clarity and aca-
demic rigor.
2. Multiple-Choice Questions
1. A patient with a Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain post-surgery has minimal output.
How should the nurse ensure effective drain function?
A. Flush the drain with saline
B. Compress the drain, then plug the bulb to establish suction
C. Leave the drain open to air
D. Remove the drain and notify the provider
Correct Answer: B. Compress the drain, then plug the bulb to establish
suction Rationale: Compressing the JP drain and plugging the bulb creates
negative pressure, facilitating drainage of serosanguinous fluid from the
surgical site, preventing fluid accumulation, and promoting healing.
2. A male patient reports discomfort during balloon inflation while inserting
an indwelling urinary catheter. What is the nurse’s best action?
A. Continue inflation and reassure the patient
B. Deflate the balloon, advance the catheter further, then reinflate
C. Remove the catheter and try a smaller size
D. Stop the procedure and notify the provider
Correct Answer: B. Deflate the balloon, advance the catheter further, then
reinflate Rationale: Discomfort during balloon inflation suggests the bal-
loon is in the urethra rather than the bladder. Deflating, advancing the
catheter to ensure bladder placement, and reinflating prevents urethral
trauma.
1
,3. A patient with symptomatic anemia refuses a blood transfusion due to re-
ligious beliefs. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
A. Convince the patient to accept the transfusion
B. Respect the patient’s wishes and notify the provider
C. Administer IV fluids to compensate
D. Document refusal and discharge the patient
Correct Answer: B. Respect the patient’s wishes and notify the provider
Rationale: Respecting patient autonomy is a core ethical principle. Noti-
fying the provider ensures alternative treatments (e.g., iron supplementa-
tion) are considered while honoring the patient’s beliefs.
4. A patient is admitted with acute diverticulitis. What diet should the nurse
expect to be ordered?
A. High-fiber diet
B. Regular diet
C. Clear liquid diet
D. Low-residue diet
Correct Answer: C. Clear liquid diet Rationale: A clear liquid diet rests
the bowel during acute diverticulitis, reducing inflammation and prevent-
ing complications like perforation. A low-residue diet may be used later in
recovery.
5. A nurse hired for the medical unit is reassigned to the post-surgical unit
due to staffing shortages. What is the most appropriate action?
A. Refuse the assignment and leave
B. Report to the post-surgical unit
C. Request a written exemption
D. Call in sick to avoid the shift
Correct Answer: B. Report to the post-surgical unit Rationale: Accepting
the reassignment demonstrates professionalism and teamwork. The nurse
should ensure they receive orientation and support to provide safe care in
the new unit.
6. What is the primary purpose of a proton pump inhibitor like pantoprazole
(Protonix)?
A. Pain relief
B. Acid reduction
C. Anti-inflammatory action
D. Antibiotic therapy
2
, Correct Answer: B. Acid reduction Rationale: Proton pump inhibitors
reduce gastric acid production by inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in
parietal cells, used for conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.
7. Which adaptive equipment is most appropriate for a severely contracted
patient unable to bear weight during transfers?
A. Slide board
B. Gait belt
C. Patient lift (e.g., Hoyer)
D. Wheelchair with armrests
Correct Answer: C. Patient lift (e.g., Hoyer) Rationale: A patient lift en-
sures safe transfers for non-weight-bearing patients with contractures, min-
imizing risk of injury to the patient and staff.
8. Which tool should a nurse use to assess pain in an 80-year-old patient with
severe dementia?
A. Numeric pain scale
B. Wong-Baker FACES scale
C. PAINAD scale
D. Visual analog scale
Correct Answer: C. PAINAD scale Rationale: The PAINAD scale assesses
pain in patients with advanced dementia through observable behaviors
(e.g., breathing, vocalization), as they may not communicate pain verbally.
9. A patient with failure to thrive and advanced dementia is admitted from
the ED with a stage 4 pressure injury. What should the nurse do?
A. Ignore the injury as it is chronic
B. Notify the charge nurse and social worker
C. Apply a dry dressing and monitor
D. Discharge the patient to home care
Correct Answer: B. Notify the charge nurse and social worker Rationale:
A stage 4 pressure injury and failure to thrive suggest possible neglect. No-
tifying the charge nurse and social worker initiates investigation and en-
sures patient safety.
10. An 85-year-old patient with atrial fibrillation develops acute confusion af-
ter a fall 3 days ago. What order should the nurse anticipate?
A. Routine EEG
B. Stat CT of head
C. Chest X-ray
3
