OHIO SCHOOL OF PHLEBOTOMY STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026
ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Meninges - ✔✔Several layers of dense connective tissue surrounding the brain and
spinal cord
✔✔Alveoli - ✔✔Air sacs in the lungs
✔✔Carbon dioxide (CO2) - ✔✔A waste producer of the metabolism of glucose
✔✔Transfixation - ✔✔When a needle enters the top of the vein but also punctures
through the bottom of the vein
✔✔Syncope - ✔✔Medical term for fainting
✔✔Petechia - ✔✔Tiny red dots of blood that appear around the draw site when blood
has entered the surrounding tissue
✔✔Basal state - ✔✔A resting metabolic state early in the morning after a 12hr fast
✔✔Baseline - ✔✔An individual's normal state of being
✔✔Fasting - ✔✔To refrain from eating or drinking anything other than water for a
specified time frame
✔✔Septicemia - ✔✔An infection in the blood
✔✔HIPPA - ✔✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, requires peoples
identifiable health information to be protected with privacy and security standards
✔✔Lymph - ✔✔Lives between cells in the body. Cells add and subtract substances
from blood until it becomes lymph
✔✔Lymph nodes - ✔✔Where immunity cells destroy pathogens
✔✔Implied consent - ✔✔Where the patient physically or verbally gives permission for
the procedure, such as rolling up their sleeve and holding out their arm for a blood draw
✔✔Phagocyte - ✔✔A cell that can ingest/absorb bacteria
✔✔PPE - ✔✔Personal protective equipment
✔✔CDC - ✔✔Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, researches and
recommends regulations, vaccines, healthy living, and environmental health
, ✔✔FDA - ✔✔Food and Drug Administration, oversees the regulation of drugs and food
✔✔OSHA - ✔✔Occupational Safety and Health Administration, protects workers by
setting safety and employee training guildlines
✔✔Antiseptic - ✔✔Cleans contaminants from the skin
✔✔Anchor - ✔✔Holding a vein 4-6 inches from the draw site to stabilize it
✔✔Lancet - ✔✔A 2.4mm long blade used to puncture the capillary bed
✔✔Bevel - ✔✔The slopped edge at the tip of a needle
✔✔Hub - ✔✔Holds the needle and provides leverage and stability when inserting or
removing tubes
✔✔Fibrin clot - ✔✔A permanent clot formed to close an open would (a scab)
✔✔SST - ✔✔Serum separator tube
✔✔PTT - ✔✔Partial thromboplastin time, monitor Heparin dosages and asses the
patients ability to clot
✔✔PT - ✔✔Prothrombin time (protime) assesses clot forming abilities, measures drug
therapies, and differentiates between many diseases
✔✔HbA1c - ✔✔Hemoglobin A1c, glycated hemoglobin test, glycohemoglobin. Tests the
average blood sugar over a 6-12 week period or within the last 120 days.
✔✔K2E-EDTA - ✔✔Dipotassium salt
✔✔K3E-EDTA - ✔✔Tripotassium salt
✔✔PT/INR - ✔✔Tests clotting abilities
✔✔CBC - ✔✔Complete blood count, testing the amount of the formed elements
✔✔Chem 7/BMP - ✔✔Tests the levels of 7 substances
BUN, CO2, creatinine, glucose, serum chloride (CL), serum potassium (K), sodium (Na)
✔✔BUN - ✔✔Blood urea nitrogen, measures kidney function
ANSWERS AND QUESTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Meninges - ✔✔Several layers of dense connective tissue surrounding the brain and
spinal cord
✔✔Alveoli - ✔✔Air sacs in the lungs
✔✔Carbon dioxide (CO2) - ✔✔A waste producer of the metabolism of glucose
✔✔Transfixation - ✔✔When a needle enters the top of the vein but also punctures
through the bottom of the vein
✔✔Syncope - ✔✔Medical term for fainting
✔✔Petechia - ✔✔Tiny red dots of blood that appear around the draw site when blood
has entered the surrounding tissue
✔✔Basal state - ✔✔A resting metabolic state early in the morning after a 12hr fast
✔✔Baseline - ✔✔An individual's normal state of being
✔✔Fasting - ✔✔To refrain from eating or drinking anything other than water for a
specified time frame
✔✔Septicemia - ✔✔An infection in the blood
✔✔HIPPA - ✔✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, requires peoples
identifiable health information to be protected with privacy and security standards
✔✔Lymph - ✔✔Lives between cells in the body. Cells add and subtract substances
from blood until it becomes lymph
✔✔Lymph nodes - ✔✔Where immunity cells destroy pathogens
✔✔Implied consent - ✔✔Where the patient physically or verbally gives permission for
the procedure, such as rolling up their sleeve and holding out their arm for a blood draw
✔✔Phagocyte - ✔✔A cell that can ingest/absorb bacteria
✔✔PPE - ✔✔Personal protective equipment
✔✔CDC - ✔✔Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, researches and
recommends regulations, vaccines, healthy living, and environmental health
, ✔✔FDA - ✔✔Food and Drug Administration, oversees the regulation of drugs and food
✔✔OSHA - ✔✔Occupational Safety and Health Administration, protects workers by
setting safety and employee training guildlines
✔✔Antiseptic - ✔✔Cleans contaminants from the skin
✔✔Anchor - ✔✔Holding a vein 4-6 inches from the draw site to stabilize it
✔✔Lancet - ✔✔A 2.4mm long blade used to puncture the capillary bed
✔✔Bevel - ✔✔The slopped edge at the tip of a needle
✔✔Hub - ✔✔Holds the needle and provides leverage and stability when inserting or
removing tubes
✔✔Fibrin clot - ✔✔A permanent clot formed to close an open would (a scab)
✔✔SST - ✔✔Serum separator tube
✔✔PTT - ✔✔Partial thromboplastin time, monitor Heparin dosages and asses the
patients ability to clot
✔✔PT - ✔✔Prothrombin time (protime) assesses clot forming abilities, measures drug
therapies, and differentiates between many diseases
✔✔HbA1c - ✔✔Hemoglobin A1c, glycated hemoglobin test, glycohemoglobin. Tests the
average blood sugar over a 6-12 week period or within the last 120 days.
✔✔K2E-EDTA - ✔✔Dipotassium salt
✔✔K3E-EDTA - ✔✔Tripotassium salt
✔✔PT/INR - ✔✔Tests clotting abilities
✔✔CBC - ✔✔Complete blood count, testing the amount of the formed elements
✔✔Chem 7/BMP - ✔✔Tests the levels of 7 substances
BUN, CO2, creatinine, glucose, serum chloride (CL), serum potassium (K), sodium (Na)
✔✔BUN - ✔✔Blood urea nitrogen, measures kidney function
