NAS 2 CHALLENGE TEST PAPER 2025/2026 ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Anatomical Terms for Body Regions: Breastbone - ✔✔sternal area
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Superior/Inferior - ✔✔equivalent to above
and below when moving along the long axis of a body in anatomical position
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Proximal/Distal - ✔✔equivalent to near to
and far from the limbs attachment to the abdomen of the body
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Medial/Lateral - ✔✔equivalent to towards
the middle or towards the edge respective of the midline of the body
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Anterior/Posterior - ✔✔equivalent to being
closer to the front and back of a body in anatomical position
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Ventral/Dorsal - ✔✔equivalent to belly-
side and back-side of a body in anatomical position
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Superficial/Deep - ✔✔equivalent to closer
to the surface and farther from the surface
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Cephalic/Caudal - ✔✔equivalent to closer
to the head and closer to the tail
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections - ✔✔sagittal
frontal/coronal
transverse
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections: Sagittal - ✔✔a vertical line which divides
the body into a left section and a right section
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections: Frontal/Coronal - ✔✔a vertical line which
divides the body into a front (anterior) section and back (posterior) section
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections: Transverse - ✔✔a horizontal line which
divides the body into an upper (superior) section and a lower (inferior) section
✔✔Human Body Major Cavities - ✔✔dorsal body cavity
ventral body cavity
✔✔Dorsal Body Cavity - ✔✔where the brain and spinal cord are located
, ✔✔Ventral Body Cavity - ✔✔in the anterior (front) aspect of the human body
contains the thoracic cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity
✔✔Abdominopelvic Cavity - ✔✔contains the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity, but
there is no physical barrier between the two
✔✔Eleven Human Organ Systems - ✔✔integumentary system
skeletal system
muscular system
lymphatic system
respiratory system
digestive system
nervous system
endocrine system
cardiovascular system
urinary system
reproductive systems
✔✔integumentary system - ✔✔consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands
✔✔skeletal system - ✔✔includes all of the bones and joints in the body
✔✔muscular system - ✔✔an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac
muscles
allows movement of the body
✔✔lymphatic system - ✔✔a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of
toxins, waste and other unwanted materials
✔✔respiratory system - ✔✔the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe
which includes your airways, lungs, and blood vessels
✔✔digestive system - ✔✔GI tract hollow organs: the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, and anus
digestive system solid organs: liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of
the digestive system.
✔✔nervous system - ✔✔the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve
impulses between parts of the body
✔✔endocrine system - ✔✔a chemical messenger system comprising feedback loops of
the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory
system, regulating distant target organs
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Anatomical Terms for Body Regions: Breastbone - ✔✔sternal area
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Superior/Inferior - ✔✔equivalent to above
and below when moving along the long axis of a body in anatomical position
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Proximal/Distal - ✔✔equivalent to near to
and far from the limbs attachment to the abdomen of the body
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Medial/Lateral - ✔✔equivalent to towards
the middle or towards the edge respective of the midline of the body
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Anterior/Posterior - ✔✔equivalent to being
closer to the front and back of a body in anatomical position
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Ventral/Dorsal - ✔✔equivalent to belly-
side and back-side of a body in anatomical position
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Superficial/Deep - ✔✔equivalent to closer
to the surface and farther from the surface
✔✔Terms for Body Orientation and Direction: Cephalic/Caudal - ✔✔equivalent to closer
to the head and closer to the tail
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections - ✔✔sagittal
frontal/coronal
transverse
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections: Sagittal - ✔✔a vertical line which divides
the body into a left section and a right section
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections: Frontal/Coronal - ✔✔a vertical line which
divides the body into a front (anterior) section and back (posterior) section
✔✔The Three Major Body Planes/Sections: Transverse - ✔✔a horizontal line which
divides the body into an upper (superior) section and a lower (inferior) section
✔✔Human Body Major Cavities - ✔✔dorsal body cavity
ventral body cavity
✔✔Dorsal Body Cavity - ✔✔where the brain and spinal cord are located
, ✔✔Ventral Body Cavity - ✔✔in the anterior (front) aspect of the human body
contains the thoracic cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity
✔✔Abdominopelvic Cavity - ✔✔contains the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity, but
there is no physical barrier between the two
✔✔Eleven Human Organ Systems - ✔✔integumentary system
skeletal system
muscular system
lymphatic system
respiratory system
digestive system
nervous system
endocrine system
cardiovascular system
urinary system
reproductive systems
✔✔integumentary system - ✔✔consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands
✔✔skeletal system - ✔✔includes all of the bones and joints in the body
✔✔muscular system - ✔✔an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac
muscles
allows movement of the body
✔✔lymphatic system - ✔✔a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of
toxins, waste and other unwanted materials
✔✔respiratory system - ✔✔the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe
which includes your airways, lungs, and blood vessels
✔✔digestive system - ✔✔GI tract hollow organs: the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, and anus
digestive system solid organs: liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of
the digestive system.
✔✔nervous system - ✔✔the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve
impulses between parts of the body
✔✔endocrine system - ✔✔a chemical messenger system comprising feedback loops of
the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory
system, regulating distant target organs
