(PSY-382) Learning, Memory & Motivation Final Exam Question and Answers Graded A+
Social cognitive theory can best be characterized as being concerned with learning - Answers through
observations of others
Ms. Goodsell is thinking about how she might help the students in her introductory French class learn to
pronounce the word bonjour correctly. Which one of her thoughts below is most consistent with a social
cognitive perspective of learning? - Answers "Maybe I should show them how I form my mouth and lips
as I pronounce the word and then encourage them to imitate me."
A problem with trying to explain modeling solely from a strictly behaviorist perspective is that - Answers
People sometimes don't imitate a behavior until many days after observing it
According to social cognitive theorists, reinforcement affects learning because it: - Answers Encourages
the learner to pay attention
Models can influence an observer's behavior in a number of ways. Which one of the following behaviors
is least likely to be the result of modeling? - Answers Luke scratches his mosquito bites, even though his
mother continually asks him not to, because it makes them feel better
Which one of the following best illustrates cognitive modeling? - Answers A science teacher thinks
aloud, "How can I determine what makes this pendulum swing fast or slowly? Hmm, I'll change the
amount of weight on the bottom, but I need to keep the length the same so I'll know that any change in
speed isn't due to length."
Bandura proposes that three of the following conditions are necessary for modeling to occur. Which one
is not necessary? - Answers A relatively stress-free environment
When George attends the first day of an Advanced Placement class in biology, he thinks to himself, "This
is going to be a really hard class. I don't know if I have what it takes to understand and remember all this
stuff." Which one of the following concepts from social cognitive theory do George's misgivings best
exemplify? - Answers self-efficacy for learning
From the perspective of social cognitive theory, which one of the following children most clearly shows a
key ingredient of self-regulation? - Answers Bob is proud of the fact that he always keeps a promise.
Which one of the following statements best describes Piaget's view of how children acquire knowledge
about the world? - Answers Children actively construct their own view of the world from their
experiences with the environment
Four-year-old Becky is playing with blocks, stacking them one on top of another until her towers
eventually tumble, and then stacking the blocks again. Which one of the following best reflects Piaget's
view of how Becky is probably learning in this situation? - Answers She is actively thinking about and
interpreting the results of her actions
, In her first trip to a zoo, 7-year-old Latisha notices that leopards have paws very similar in shape to her
cat Snowball's paws. She also notices that leopards walk in much the same way that Snowball does.
Latisha starts to wonder if perhaps leopards are cats. Latisha's thinking illustrates Piaget's idea that
thought is characterized by - Answers use of schemes
According to Piaget, three of the following are essential for cognitive development. Which one is not? -
Answers High self-esteem
Choose the statement below that most accurately reflects recent research findings concerning Piaget's
theory of cognitive development. - Answers The order in which various logical thinking capabilities
emerge is consistent with the sequence that Piaget proposed
Which one of the following statements best illustrates a neo-Piagetian approach to cognitive
development? - Answers As children grow older, their increasing working memory capacity enables
them to think in qualitatively more sophisticated ways about particular content domains
Which one of the following strategies is most likely to help students learn from a discovery learning
activity? - Answers Providing some structure to guide students' explorations
Which one of the following would Piaget be least likely to advocate for elementary school children? -
Answers Lectures that describe interesting scientific facts
Central to Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development is the idea that children increasingly make better
sense of their world: - Answers By interacting with more experienced people who mediate their
understandings
Eight-year-old Julie lives in a rural area where many people are farmers or in some other way make their
living through agriculture. After a lengthy summer drought, it begins to rain heavily one day in late July.
"Thank goodness!" Julie hears her father exclaim. "Our prayers have finally been answered!" Julie makes
a mental note of the cause-effect relationship her father has implied—in particular, that prayer can lead
to rain. This situation illustrates Vygotsky's belief that: - Answers Adults pass along to children the ways
in which their culture interprets events
From Vygotsky's perspective, why do cultural differences exist in people's cognitive abilities? - Answers
Different cultures pass along somewhat different cognitive tools
In Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development, what important role does inner speech play? - Answers
By giving themselves directions about the things to do and in what order, children guide themselves
through complex tasks
Xavier loves to write poetry. Often he uses techniques that his favorite poets use, but typically he
modifies these techniques to better suit his own style. This situation illustrates which one of the
following concepts in Vygotsky's theory? - Answers Appropriation
Social cognitive theory can best be characterized as being concerned with learning - Answers through
observations of others
Ms. Goodsell is thinking about how she might help the students in her introductory French class learn to
pronounce the word bonjour correctly. Which one of her thoughts below is most consistent with a social
cognitive perspective of learning? - Answers "Maybe I should show them how I form my mouth and lips
as I pronounce the word and then encourage them to imitate me."
A problem with trying to explain modeling solely from a strictly behaviorist perspective is that - Answers
People sometimes don't imitate a behavior until many days after observing it
According to social cognitive theorists, reinforcement affects learning because it: - Answers Encourages
the learner to pay attention
Models can influence an observer's behavior in a number of ways. Which one of the following behaviors
is least likely to be the result of modeling? - Answers Luke scratches his mosquito bites, even though his
mother continually asks him not to, because it makes them feel better
Which one of the following best illustrates cognitive modeling? - Answers A science teacher thinks
aloud, "How can I determine what makes this pendulum swing fast or slowly? Hmm, I'll change the
amount of weight on the bottom, but I need to keep the length the same so I'll know that any change in
speed isn't due to length."
Bandura proposes that three of the following conditions are necessary for modeling to occur. Which one
is not necessary? - Answers A relatively stress-free environment
When George attends the first day of an Advanced Placement class in biology, he thinks to himself, "This
is going to be a really hard class. I don't know if I have what it takes to understand and remember all this
stuff." Which one of the following concepts from social cognitive theory do George's misgivings best
exemplify? - Answers self-efficacy for learning
From the perspective of social cognitive theory, which one of the following children most clearly shows a
key ingredient of self-regulation? - Answers Bob is proud of the fact that he always keeps a promise.
Which one of the following statements best describes Piaget's view of how children acquire knowledge
about the world? - Answers Children actively construct their own view of the world from their
experiences with the environment
Four-year-old Becky is playing with blocks, stacking them one on top of another until her towers
eventually tumble, and then stacking the blocks again. Which one of the following best reflects Piaget's
view of how Becky is probably learning in this situation? - Answers She is actively thinking about and
interpreting the results of her actions
, In her first trip to a zoo, 7-year-old Latisha notices that leopards have paws very similar in shape to her
cat Snowball's paws. She also notices that leopards walk in much the same way that Snowball does.
Latisha starts to wonder if perhaps leopards are cats. Latisha's thinking illustrates Piaget's idea that
thought is characterized by - Answers use of schemes
According to Piaget, three of the following are essential for cognitive development. Which one is not? -
Answers High self-esteem
Choose the statement below that most accurately reflects recent research findings concerning Piaget's
theory of cognitive development. - Answers The order in which various logical thinking capabilities
emerge is consistent with the sequence that Piaget proposed
Which one of the following statements best illustrates a neo-Piagetian approach to cognitive
development? - Answers As children grow older, their increasing working memory capacity enables
them to think in qualitatively more sophisticated ways about particular content domains
Which one of the following strategies is most likely to help students learn from a discovery learning
activity? - Answers Providing some structure to guide students' explorations
Which one of the following would Piaget be least likely to advocate for elementary school children? -
Answers Lectures that describe interesting scientific facts
Central to Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development is the idea that children increasingly make better
sense of their world: - Answers By interacting with more experienced people who mediate their
understandings
Eight-year-old Julie lives in a rural area where many people are farmers or in some other way make their
living through agriculture. After a lengthy summer drought, it begins to rain heavily one day in late July.
"Thank goodness!" Julie hears her father exclaim. "Our prayers have finally been answered!" Julie makes
a mental note of the cause-effect relationship her father has implied—in particular, that prayer can lead
to rain. This situation illustrates Vygotsky's belief that: - Answers Adults pass along to children the ways
in which their culture interprets events
From Vygotsky's perspective, why do cultural differences exist in people's cognitive abilities? - Answers
Different cultures pass along somewhat different cognitive tools
In Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development, what important role does inner speech play? - Answers
By giving themselves directions about the things to do and in what order, children guide themselves
through complex tasks
Xavier loves to write poetry. Often he uses techniques that his favorite poets use, but typically he
modifies these techniques to better suit his own style. This situation illustrates which one of the
following concepts in Vygotsky's theory? - Answers Appropriation
