ICC Microbiology Lecture Final Exam
Questions with complete Solutions latest
version 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified
The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to
one helix strand runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5'
direction
Damaged DNA can be repaired by
all of these
Match the following: enzyme that joins DNA fragments during replication
ligase
In bacteria, RNA synthesis is initiated at specific sites called
promoters
Which enzyme is mismatched with its function in DNA replication?
RNA polymerase- synthesizes RNA primers
Mutations
all of the above
The ability of living bacterial cells to incorporate DNA fragments from outside the cell into their
own genome is
transformation
,If a strand of mRNA is being copied by more than one ribosome at a time it forms a(n)
polysome
Match the following: site where RNA synthesis begins on DNA
promoter
Which enzyme fills in the spaces between the Okazaki fragments with the correct nucleotides?
DNA ligases
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
A self-replicating piece of extrachromosomal DNA defines a
plasmid
Which is incorrect about purines?
only found in DNA, not in RNA
In a DNA molecule, opposite strands are
complements of one another and are antiparallel
Mutations can occur
all of the above
Match the following: Transfer of genetic material via a virus
transduction
Which is incorrect about inducible operons?
have genes turned off by a buildup of end product
All of the following are true about mutations except
they are always detrimental to the organism they occur in
If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anticodon is
CGU
,An enzyme that is only produced when its substrate is present is a/an
inducible enzyme
A term meaning genetic change is
mutation
A phage often establishes a state of __________ in which a portion of the viral nucleic acid is
incorporated into the bacterial chromosome or a bacterial plasmid.
lysogeny
Genetic engineering
all of the above
Much of what was previously thought to be "junk" DNA has been found to have which purpose?
it codes for RNA regulatory molecules
Match the following: insertion or deletion of DNA base
frame shift mutation
Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?
the initiator tRNA in bacteria carries tryptophan
The transfer of DNA by direct contact between cells is
conjugation
Match the following: Enzyme that copies during DNA replication
DNA Polymerase 3
Which of the following is not true of transposons?
are self-replicating
Synthesis of an inducible enzyme requires
substrate bound to repressor
, Match the following: Jumping genes
transposons
The development of virulent, toxin-producing bacterial strains due to the presence of a
temperate phage can occur in
Specialized transduction
A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a
Nonsense mutation
The following pertain to ribosomes during protein synthesis except they
contain codons within their rRNA molecules
Plasmids
all of the above
What would be the mRNA complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence?
AATTAGGCC
UUAAUCCGG
Match the following: genetic material that may act as a promoter
insertion sequences
A sequence of bases on a gene that does not code for protein is called a/an
intron
In DNA replication, the enzyme that is used to unwind the helix is
helicase
Match the following: Tranfer of genetic material via a sex pilus
conjugation
Questions with complete Solutions latest
version 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified
The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to
one helix strand runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5'
direction
Damaged DNA can be repaired by
all of these
Match the following: enzyme that joins DNA fragments during replication
ligase
In bacteria, RNA synthesis is initiated at specific sites called
promoters
Which enzyme is mismatched with its function in DNA replication?
RNA polymerase- synthesizes RNA primers
Mutations
all of the above
The ability of living bacterial cells to incorporate DNA fragments from outside the cell into their
own genome is
transformation
,If a strand of mRNA is being copied by more than one ribosome at a time it forms a(n)
polysome
Match the following: site where RNA synthesis begins on DNA
promoter
Which enzyme fills in the spaces between the Okazaki fragments with the correct nucleotides?
DNA ligases
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
A self-replicating piece of extrachromosomal DNA defines a
plasmid
Which is incorrect about purines?
only found in DNA, not in RNA
In a DNA molecule, opposite strands are
complements of one another and are antiparallel
Mutations can occur
all of the above
Match the following: Transfer of genetic material via a virus
transduction
Which is incorrect about inducible operons?
have genes turned off by a buildup of end product
All of the following are true about mutations except
they are always detrimental to the organism they occur in
If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anticodon is
CGU
,An enzyme that is only produced when its substrate is present is a/an
inducible enzyme
A term meaning genetic change is
mutation
A phage often establishes a state of __________ in which a portion of the viral nucleic acid is
incorporated into the bacterial chromosome or a bacterial plasmid.
lysogeny
Genetic engineering
all of the above
Much of what was previously thought to be "junk" DNA has been found to have which purpose?
it codes for RNA regulatory molecules
Match the following: insertion or deletion of DNA base
frame shift mutation
Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?
the initiator tRNA in bacteria carries tryptophan
The transfer of DNA by direct contact between cells is
conjugation
Match the following: Enzyme that copies during DNA replication
DNA Polymerase 3
Which of the following is not true of transposons?
are self-replicating
Synthesis of an inducible enzyme requires
substrate bound to repressor
, Match the following: Jumping genes
transposons
The development of virulent, toxin-producing bacterial strains due to the presence of a
temperate phage can occur in
Specialized transduction
A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a
Nonsense mutation
The following pertain to ribosomes during protein synthesis except they
contain codons within their rRNA molecules
Plasmids
all of the above
What would be the mRNA complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence?
AATTAGGCC
UUAAUCCGG
Match the following: genetic material that may act as a promoter
insertion sequences
A sequence of bases on a gene that does not code for protein is called a/an
intron
In DNA replication, the enzyme that is used to unwind the helix is
helicase
Match the following: Tranfer of genetic material via a sex pilus
conjugation
