Exercise Physiology Midterm Exam And
Correct Answers.
What is exercise physiology? - Answer Exercise physiology is concerned with the physiological
adaptations that the body makes when faced with stress of exercise. Exercise physiology focuses
on both acute (immediate) responses to exercise and chronic (long-term) adaptations to
exercise training. Exercise physiology can be studied at the whole body level to the molecular
level. Exercise physiology aims at understanding the effect of regular exercise on the
cardiovascular systems (or other systems). At the cellular level, exercise physiologists study the
mechanisms responsible for muscular hypertrophy following strength training. At the molecular
level, exercise physiologists focus on elite sport performance based on genetics.
Application: Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine - Answer - Physical activity for general
health
- Exercise prescription in specific conditions, such as obesity and diabetes
- Corporate and community fitness programming and health promotion
Application: Exercise Rehabilitation - Answer - Exercise programming in patient groups, such as
those with cardiovascular diseases (i.e. ischemic heart disease, hypertension), respiratory
diseases (i.e. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), metabolic conditions (i.e.
diabetes, obesity), musculoskeletal conditions (i.e. arthritis, low back pain), and neurological
diseases (i.e. multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease)
- Injury rehabilitation
- Fitness programming to prevent injury
Application: Sport - Answer - Fitness profiling of athletes (exercise principles are used I
designing effective assessment and training programs that enhance the fitness and performance
of athletes)
- Talent identification involves physiological and anthropometric profiling to identify young
people with potential to excel in specific sports
- Designing sport-specific training programs
- Evaluating effectiveness of training programs (exercise physiology forms the basis of physical
activity prescription for healthy adults as well as children, the elderly, pregnant women
Application: Worksite - Answer - Assessment of physical fitness demands of specific
occupations, such as firefighter, military personnel, or a police officer
, - Coaching in community-based sport for children and adolescents
- Adapting sport for children
Application: Research Laboratory - Answer - Physiological, biomechanical, and hormonal
responses to exercise
- Mechanisms of training adaptations
- Mechanisms responsible for health benefits of physical activity
How is exercise capacity determined? - Answer Exercise capacity is determined by how much
energy the muscle cell can produce and how quickly this energy can be made available to the
contractile elements in the skeletal muscle
What is fatigue? - Answer Fatigue occurs when the rate of energy demand exceeds the rate of
production in skeletal muscle. It is well known that the depletion of stored glucose (glycogen)
from skeletal muscle causes fatigue in long-duration events such as marathon running
What is anabolism? - Answer Anabolism involves the synthesis of large molecules from smaller
ones
What happens to the metabolic rate in human skeletal muscle when the body goes from rest to
maximal exercise? - Answer Increases by up to 50 times
Is it metabolically inefficient for cells to produce more energy than needed? - Answer Yes.
Do muscle cells store vast quantities of energy? - Answer No
What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ? - Answer Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a high
energy phosphate molecule. ATP in the blood is broken down into ADP (adenosine
diphosphate), a phosphate molecule, heat, and energy.
What happens when an ATP molecule is spilt? - Answer Energy is released when it is split into
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
Is energy released in the reversible reaction between ADP and P1? If so, what is the energy
required for? - Answer The energy released in this reaction is required for cross-bridge
Correct Answers.
What is exercise physiology? - Answer Exercise physiology is concerned with the physiological
adaptations that the body makes when faced with stress of exercise. Exercise physiology focuses
on both acute (immediate) responses to exercise and chronic (long-term) adaptations to
exercise training. Exercise physiology can be studied at the whole body level to the molecular
level. Exercise physiology aims at understanding the effect of regular exercise on the
cardiovascular systems (or other systems). At the cellular level, exercise physiologists study the
mechanisms responsible for muscular hypertrophy following strength training. At the molecular
level, exercise physiologists focus on elite sport performance based on genetics.
Application: Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine - Answer - Physical activity for general
health
- Exercise prescription in specific conditions, such as obesity and diabetes
- Corporate and community fitness programming and health promotion
Application: Exercise Rehabilitation - Answer - Exercise programming in patient groups, such as
those with cardiovascular diseases (i.e. ischemic heart disease, hypertension), respiratory
diseases (i.e. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), metabolic conditions (i.e.
diabetes, obesity), musculoskeletal conditions (i.e. arthritis, low back pain), and neurological
diseases (i.e. multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease)
- Injury rehabilitation
- Fitness programming to prevent injury
Application: Sport - Answer - Fitness profiling of athletes (exercise principles are used I
designing effective assessment and training programs that enhance the fitness and performance
of athletes)
- Talent identification involves physiological and anthropometric profiling to identify young
people with potential to excel in specific sports
- Designing sport-specific training programs
- Evaluating effectiveness of training programs (exercise physiology forms the basis of physical
activity prescription for healthy adults as well as children, the elderly, pregnant women
Application: Worksite - Answer - Assessment of physical fitness demands of specific
occupations, such as firefighter, military personnel, or a police officer
, - Coaching in community-based sport for children and adolescents
- Adapting sport for children
Application: Research Laboratory - Answer - Physiological, biomechanical, and hormonal
responses to exercise
- Mechanisms of training adaptations
- Mechanisms responsible for health benefits of physical activity
How is exercise capacity determined? - Answer Exercise capacity is determined by how much
energy the muscle cell can produce and how quickly this energy can be made available to the
contractile elements in the skeletal muscle
What is fatigue? - Answer Fatigue occurs when the rate of energy demand exceeds the rate of
production in skeletal muscle. It is well known that the depletion of stored glucose (glycogen)
from skeletal muscle causes fatigue in long-duration events such as marathon running
What is anabolism? - Answer Anabolism involves the synthesis of large molecules from smaller
ones
What happens to the metabolic rate in human skeletal muscle when the body goes from rest to
maximal exercise? - Answer Increases by up to 50 times
Is it metabolically inefficient for cells to produce more energy than needed? - Answer Yes.
Do muscle cells store vast quantities of energy? - Answer No
What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ? - Answer Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a high
energy phosphate molecule. ATP in the blood is broken down into ADP (adenosine
diphosphate), a phosphate molecule, heat, and energy.
What happens when an ATP molecule is spilt? - Answer Energy is released when it is split into
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
Is energy released in the reversible reaction between ADP and P1? If so, what is the energy
required for? - Answer The energy released in this reaction is required for cross-bridge
