Non-prescription and OTC Exam #1 Questions With
Complete Solutions
4 classes of counterirritants
Rubefacients, cooling agents, vasodilatiors, irritant
Antipyretics/prophylaxis with febrile seizures
Antipyretics do not reduce the risk of recurrent
seizure, prophylaxis with anti-epileptics NOT
recommended
3 goals of dry eye therapy
1. Reduce eye surface dryness
2. Relieve symptoms
3. Prevent corneal and other eye tissue damage
Antihistamines for sleep
1. Diphenhydramine
(citrate 38mg = HCl 25mg), safe and effective for
occasional use
2. Doxylamine (not very effective in studies)
5 causes of sleep impairment
1. Medical
2. Psychiatric
3. Drug induced/related
4. Environmental
5. Social
AGA etiology (causes) in men
,Testosterone is converted to DHT which binds to
hair follicle receptors and represses hair growth,
too much testosterone!
AGA etiology (causes) for women (3 postulates)
Only 33% have abnormal androgens, it is
postulated that:
1. Increased peripheral sensitivity to androgens
2. Differences in androgen/estrogen receptor genes
3. Chronic scalp inflammation/micro-inflammation
Anagen phase
Growing phase, decreased/shortened in AGA
Another name for AGA
Hereditary pattern hair loss
At what age does hair loss begin/end?
Begins anywhere from puberty to 30s, progression
fully noted by 40s
AGA stands for
Androgenetic alopecia
2 external ear positioning techniques for water
clogged ears
1. Tilting affected ear down toward shoulder and
moving helix and lobe
2. Pulling top of helix up (adults) or bottom of helix
down (kids) and repeatedly press the tragas (may
,be helpful to tilt head toward shoulder as with
number 1)
2 purposes of cerumen
1. Clean and protect the EAC (jaw movement
causes cerumen to move through the EAC to the
outer ear)
2. Acidic pH to help protect against bacterial/fungal
overgrowth
Acetaminophen for pain (3)
1. Central inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis
2. Rapidly absorbed and metabolized in liver (30
min onset, 4 hour duration)
3. Max daily dose of 3250mg
Acetaminophen adverse effects (pain)
Liver drug, hepatotoxicity
Aspirin and NSAID precaution
When taking aspirin for cardiovascular protection,
take 1 hour before or 8 hours after NSAID (can
interfere with the benefits of aspirin)
Health claim vs. structure function claim
Whereas health claims refer specifically to how a
nutrient or ingredient impacts a disease or health
, condition (not allowed per FDA), structure/function
claims refer to how a nutrient impacts the
structure/function of the body (allowed)
Qu (QuEST)
Quickly evaluate the patient
S (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Symptoms (What are the main and associated
symptoms?)
C (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Characteristics (What is the situation like? Is it
stable or changing?)
H (SCHOLAR - MAC)
History (What have you done so far to try to relieve
the symptoms?)
O (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Onset (When did the condition start?)
L (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Location (What is the precise location of the
problem or symptoms?)
A (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Aggravating factors (What makes it worse?)
R (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Remitting factors (What makes it better?)
Complete Solutions
4 classes of counterirritants
Rubefacients, cooling agents, vasodilatiors, irritant
Antipyretics/prophylaxis with febrile seizures
Antipyretics do not reduce the risk of recurrent
seizure, prophylaxis with anti-epileptics NOT
recommended
3 goals of dry eye therapy
1. Reduce eye surface dryness
2. Relieve symptoms
3. Prevent corneal and other eye tissue damage
Antihistamines for sleep
1. Diphenhydramine
(citrate 38mg = HCl 25mg), safe and effective for
occasional use
2. Doxylamine (not very effective in studies)
5 causes of sleep impairment
1. Medical
2. Psychiatric
3. Drug induced/related
4. Environmental
5. Social
AGA etiology (causes) in men
,Testosterone is converted to DHT which binds to
hair follicle receptors and represses hair growth,
too much testosterone!
AGA etiology (causes) for women (3 postulates)
Only 33% have abnormal androgens, it is
postulated that:
1. Increased peripheral sensitivity to androgens
2. Differences in androgen/estrogen receptor genes
3. Chronic scalp inflammation/micro-inflammation
Anagen phase
Growing phase, decreased/shortened in AGA
Another name for AGA
Hereditary pattern hair loss
At what age does hair loss begin/end?
Begins anywhere from puberty to 30s, progression
fully noted by 40s
AGA stands for
Androgenetic alopecia
2 external ear positioning techniques for water
clogged ears
1. Tilting affected ear down toward shoulder and
moving helix and lobe
2. Pulling top of helix up (adults) or bottom of helix
down (kids) and repeatedly press the tragas (may
,be helpful to tilt head toward shoulder as with
number 1)
2 purposes of cerumen
1. Clean and protect the EAC (jaw movement
causes cerumen to move through the EAC to the
outer ear)
2. Acidic pH to help protect against bacterial/fungal
overgrowth
Acetaminophen for pain (3)
1. Central inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis
2. Rapidly absorbed and metabolized in liver (30
min onset, 4 hour duration)
3. Max daily dose of 3250mg
Acetaminophen adverse effects (pain)
Liver drug, hepatotoxicity
Aspirin and NSAID precaution
When taking aspirin for cardiovascular protection,
take 1 hour before or 8 hours after NSAID (can
interfere with the benefits of aspirin)
Health claim vs. structure function claim
Whereas health claims refer specifically to how a
nutrient or ingredient impacts a disease or health
, condition (not allowed per FDA), structure/function
claims refer to how a nutrient impacts the
structure/function of the body (allowed)
Qu (QuEST)
Quickly evaluate the patient
S (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Symptoms (What are the main and associated
symptoms?)
C (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Characteristics (What is the situation like? Is it
stable or changing?)
H (SCHOLAR - MAC)
History (What have you done so far to try to relieve
the symptoms?)
O (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Onset (When did the condition start?)
L (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Location (What is the precise location of the
problem or symptoms?)
A (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Aggravating factors (What makes it worse?)
R (SCHOLAR - MAC)
Remitting factors (What makes it better?)
