SEM580 EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Epidermis - ANS avascular
brick & mortar like structure
Able to regenerate
Epidermis - ANS Protective layer
Acid mantle
Synthesis of Vit D
BMZ and Rete Ridges - ANS Zipper structure that anchors the epidermis and dermis
Flattens with age
Dermis - ANS Vascularized and innervated
Residence of immune cells
Dermis - ANS Cells make collagen, eslastin
Provides tensile strength
Papillary dermis - ANS Layer of dermis directly under the epidermis; rich in blood vessels and
capilaries
Able to regenerate if lost
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, Reticulated dermis - ANS Forms the base of the dermis; contains connective tissue proteins
If lost scar will form
Stratum corneum - ANS outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened,
keratinized cells and insoluble proteins
Stratum lucidum - ANS Layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers,
palms, and soles
Stratum granulosum - ANS Layer of the epidermis that marks the transition between the
deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata
Stratum spinosum - ANS Layer of the epidermis that provides strength and flexibility to the
skin; spiny layer containing desmosomes
Stratum basale - ANS Deepest layer of the epidermis consisting of stem cells capable of
undergoing cell division to form new cells
Stratum basale - ANS Shearing and blister formation occurs from damage at this layer
Rete pegs - ANS Protrusions of the epidermal stratum basale that extend into the papillary
dermis to help anchor the two layers together
Langerhans cells - ANS Epidermal macrophages (APCs) that help activate the immune system
Merkel cells - ANS Function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings
2|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
ANSWERS
Epidermis - ANS avascular
brick & mortar like structure
Able to regenerate
Epidermis - ANS Protective layer
Acid mantle
Synthesis of Vit D
BMZ and Rete Ridges - ANS Zipper structure that anchors the epidermis and dermis
Flattens with age
Dermis - ANS Vascularized and innervated
Residence of immune cells
Dermis - ANS Cells make collagen, eslastin
Provides tensile strength
Papillary dermis - ANS Layer of dermis directly under the epidermis; rich in blood vessels and
capilaries
Able to regenerate if lost
1|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
, Reticulated dermis - ANS Forms the base of the dermis; contains connective tissue proteins
If lost scar will form
Stratum corneum - ANS outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened,
keratinized cells and insoluble proteins
Stratum lucidum - ANS Layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers,
palms, and soles
Stratum granulosum - ANS Layer of the epidermis that marks the transition between the
deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata
Stratum spinosum - ANS Layer of the epidermis that provides strength and flexibility to the
skin; spiny layer containing desmosomes
Stratum basale - ANS Deepest layer of the epidermis consisting of stem cells capable of
undergoing cell division to form new cells
Stratum basale - ANS Shearing and blister formation occurs from damage at this layer
Rete pegs - ANS Protrusions of the epidermal stratum basale that extend into the papillary
dermis to help anchor the two layers together
Langerhans cells - ANS Epidermal macrophages (APCs) that help activate the immune system
Merkel cells - ANS Function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings
2|P a g e C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 2 5 T H E B R I G H T A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D
