WGU D564 Theories of Personality Exam
Practice 2025 With Complete Questions
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Observational learning - CORRECT ANSWER-Learning a behavior vicariously, by seeing someone else
do it, is called observational learning.
Frustration-aggression hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-This dimension of social learning theory
seems to correspond very closely with Freud's idea of displacement.
,Personality Processes - CORRECT ANSWER-The mental activities of personality, including perception,
thought, motivation, and emotion.
Priming - CORRECT ANSWER-Activation of a concept or idea by repeatedly perceiving it or thinking
about it. The usual result is that this concept or idea comes to mind more quickly and easily in new
situations.
Chronic accessibility - CORRECT ANSWER-The tendency of an idea or concept to come easily to mind
for a particular individual.
shaping - CORRECT ANSWER-the idea similar to that of a sculptor that shapes a piece of clay into a
statue by gradually shaving here and there until a square block comes to resemble a person or an
animal.
punishment - CORRECT ANSWER-an aversive consequence that follows an act in order to stop the
act and prevent its repetition.
five principles of how to punish - CORRECT ANSWER-1. availability of alternatives (e.g., Halloween
party so kids avoid pranks) 2. behavioral and situational specificity 3. timing and consistency (e.g., hitting
dog for making mess hours earlier) 4. conditioning secondary punishing stimuli (e.g., counting to 3) 5.
avoiding mixed messages (e.g., cuddling with child after punishing)
dangers of punishment - CORRECT ANSWER-1. punishment arouses emotion 2. it is difficult to be
consistent 3. it is difficult to gauge the severity of punishment 4. punishment teaches misuse of power 5.
punishment motivates concealment
habit hierarchy - CORRECT ANSWER-in Dollard and Miller's social learning theory, all of the
behaviors an individual might do, ranked in order from most to least probable.
drive - CORRECT ANSWER-in learning theories, a state of psychological tension, the reduction of
which feels good.
, primary drives - CORRECT ANSWER-in learning theories, a drive that is innate to an organism, such
as the hunger drive.
secondary drives - CORRECT ANSWER-in learning theories, a drive that is learned through its
association with primary drives, and includes drives for love, prestige, money, power, and the avoidance
of fear and of humiliation.
frustration-aggression hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-in Dollard and Miller's social learning theory,
the hypothesis that frustration automatically creates an impulse toward aggression.
approach-avoidance conflict - CORRECT ANSWER-in Dollard and Miller's social learning theory, the
psychological conflict induced by a stimulus that is at once attractive and aversive (e.g., sky-diving).
five key assumptions of the approach-avoidance conflict - CORRECT ANSWER-1. an increase in drive
strength will increase the tendency to approach or avoid a goal. 2. whenever there are two competing
responses, the stronger one (i.e., the one with greater drive strength behind it) will win out. 3. the
tendency to approach a positive goal increases the closer one gets to the goal. 4. the tendency to avoid
a negative goal also increases the closer one gets to that goal 5. most important, tendency 4 is stronger
than tendency 3.
expectancy value theory - CORRECT ANSWER-Rotter's theory of how the value and perceived
attainability of a goal combine to affect the probability of a goal-seeking behavior.
expectancy - CORRECT ANSWER-in Rotter's social learning theory, the degree to which an individual
believes a behavior will probably attain its goal.
efficacy expectations - CORRECT ANSWER-in Bandura's social learning theory, one's belief that one
can perform a given goal-directed behavior.
learning - CORRECT ANSWER-in behaviorism, a change in behavior as a result of experience.
Practice 2025 With Complete Questions
and Answers Graded A+|Assured Success
Observational learning - CORRECT ANSWER-Learning a behavior vicariously, by seeing someone else
do it, is called observational learning.
Frustration-aggression hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-This dimension of social learning theory
seems to correspond very closely with Freud's idea of displacement.
,Personality Processes - CORRECT ANSWER-The mental activities of personality, including perception,
thought, motivation, and emotion.
Priming - CORRECT ANSWER-Activation of a concept or idea by repeatedly perceiving it or thinking
about it. The usual result is that this concept or idea comes to mind more quickly and easily in new
situations.
Chronic accessibility - CORRECT ANSWER-The tendency of an idea or concept to come easily to mind
for a particular individual.
shaping - CORRECT ANSWER-the idea similar to that of a sculptor that shapes a piece of clay into a
statue by gradually shaving here and there until a square block comes to resemble a person or an
animal.
punishment - CORRECT ANSWER-an aversive consequence that follows an act in order to stop the
act and prevent its repetition.
five principles of how to punish - CORRECT ANSWER-1. availability of alternatives (e.g., Halloween
party so kids avoid pranks) 2. behavioral and situational specificity 3. timing and consistency (e.g., hitting
dog for making mess hours earlier) 4. conditioning secondary punishing stimuli (e.g., counting to 3) 5.
avoiding mixed messages (e.g., cuddling with child after punishing)
dangers of punishment - CORRECT ANSWER-1. punishment arouses emotion 2. it is difficult to be
consistent 3. it is difficult to gauge the severity of punishment 4. punishment teaches misuse of power 5.
punishment motivates concealment
habit hierarchy - CORRECT ANSWER-in Dollard and Miller's social learning theory, all of the
behaviors an individual might do, ranked in order from most to least probable.
drive - CORRECT ANSWER-in learning theories, a state of psychological tension, the reduction of
which feels good.
, primary drives - CORRECT ANSWER-in learning theories, a drive that is innate to an organism, such
as the hunger drive.
secondary drives - CORRECT ANSWER-in learning theories, a drive that is learned through its
association with primary drives, and includes drives for love, prestige, money, power, and the avoidance
of fear and of humiliation.
frustration-aggression hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-in Dollard and Miller's social learning theory,
the hypothesis that frustration automatically creates an impulse toward aggression.
approach-avoidance conflict - CORRECT ANSWER-in Dollard and Miller's social learning theory, the
psychological conflict induced by a stimulus that is at once attractive and aversive (e.g., sky-diving).
five key assumptions of the approach-avoidance conflict - CORRECT ANSWER-1. an increase in drive
strength will increase the tendency to approach or avoid a goal. 2. whenever there are two competing
responses, the stronger one (i.e., the one with greater drive strength behind it) will win out. 3. the
tendency to approach a positive goal increases the closer one gets to the goal. 4. the tendency to avoid
a negative goal also increases the closer one gets to that goal 5. most important, tendency 4 is stronger
than tendency 3.
expectancy value theory - CORRECT ANSWER-Rotter's theory of how the value and perceived
attainability of a goal combine to affect the probability of a goal-seeking behavior.
expectancy - CORRECT ANSWER-in Rotter's social learning theory, the degree to which an individual
believes a behavior will probably attain its goal.
efficacy expectations - CORRECT ANSWER-in Bandura's social learning theory, one's belief that one
can perform a given goal-directed behavior.
learning - CORRECT ANSWER-in behaviorism, a change in behavior as a result of experience.
