HESI RN MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM
PACK 2024 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
AncdERcdnursecdiscdcompletingcdancdassessmentcdoncdacdpatientcdthatcdiscdalertcdbutcdstrugglescdtocdans
wercdquestions.cdWhencdshecdattemptscdtocdtalk,cdshecdslurscdhercdspeechcdandcdappearscdverycdfrighte
ned.cdWhatcdadditionalcdclinicalcdmanifestationcddoescdthecdnursecdexpectcdtocdfindcdifcdnacy'scdsysmpto
mscdhavecdbeencdcausedcdbycdacdbraincdattackcd(stroke)?
A.cdAcdcarotidcdbruit
B.cdAcdhypotensivecdbloodcdpressure
C.cdhyperreflexiccddeepcdtendoncdrelexes.
D.cdDecreasedcdbowelcdsoundscd-cdanswers--A)cdAcdcarotidcdbruit.
Rationale:cdthecdcarotidcdarterycd(arterycdtocdthecdbrain)cdiscdnarrowedcdincdclientscdwithcdacdbraincdatta
ck.cdAcdbruitcdiscdancdabnormalcdsoundcdheardcdoncdauscultationcdresultingcdfromcdinterferencecdwithcd
normalcdbloodcdflow.cdUsuallycdthecdbloodcdpressurecdiscdhypertensive.cdInitiallycdflaccidcdparalysiscdocc
urs,cdresultingcdincdhyporefkexiccddeepcdtendoncdreflexes.cdBowelcdsoundscdarecdnotcdindicativecdofcdacd
braincdattack.
Whichcdclinicalcdmanifestationcdfurthercdsupportscdancdassessmentcdofcdacdleft-sidedcdbraincdattack?
A)cdVisualcdfieldcddeficitcdoncdthecdleftcdside.
B)cdSpatial-perceptualcddeficits.
C)cdParesthesiacdofcdthecdleftcdside.
D)cdGlobalcdaphasia.
D)cdGlobalcdaphasia.cd-cdanswers--D)cdGlobalcdaphasia.
Rationale:cdGlobalcdaphasiacdreferscdtocddifficultycdspeaking,cdlistening,cdandcdunderstanding,cdascdwellcd
ascddifficultycdreadingcdandcdwriting.cdSymptomscdvarycdfromcdpersoncdtocdperson.cdAphasiacdmaycdoccu
,rcdsecondarycdtocdanycdbraincdinjurycdinvolvingcdthecdleftcdhemisphere.cdVisualcdfieldcddeficits,cdspatial-
perceptualcddeficits,cdandcdparesthsiacdofcdthecdleftcdsidecdusuallycdoccurcdwithcdright-
sidedcdbraincdattack.
Whencdpreparingcdacdpatientcdforcdacdnoncontrastcdcomputedcdtomographycd(CT)cdscancdSTAT,cdwhatcdn
ursingcdinterventioncdshouldcdthecdnursecdimplement?
A)cdDeterminecdifcdthecdclientcdhascdanycdallergiescdtocdiodine
B)cdExplaincdthatcdthecdclientcdwillcdnotcdbecdablecdtocdmovecdhercdheadcdthroughoutcdthecdCTcdscan.
C)cdPremedicatecdthecdclientcdtocddecreasecdpaincdpriorcdtocdhavingcdthecdprocedure.
D)cdProvidecdancdexplanationcdofcdrelaxationcdexercisescdpriorcdtocdthecdprocedure.cd-cdanswers--
B)cdExplaincdthatcdthecdclientcdwillcdnotcdbecdablecdtocdmovecdhercdheadcdthroughoutcdthecdCTcdscan.
Rationale:cdBecausecdheadcdmotioncdwillcddistortcdthecdimages,cdNancycdwillcdhavecdtocdremaincdstillcdth
roughoutcdthecdprocedure.cdAllergiescdtocdiodinecdiscdimportantcdifcdcontrastcddyecdiscdbeingcdusedcdforc
dthecdCTcdscan.cdPremedicatingcdthecdclientcdtocddecreasecdpaincdpriorcdtocdthecdprocedurecdiscdunnece
ssarycdbecausecdCTcdscanningcdiscdacdnoninvasivecdandcdpainlesscdprocedure.cdProvidingcdancdexplanatio
ncdofcdrelaxationcdexercisescdpriorcdtocdthecdprocedurecdiscdacdworthwhilecdinterventioncdtocddecreasecd
anxietycdbutcdiscdnotcdofcdhighestcdpriority.
Acdneurologistcdprescribescdacdmagneticcdresonancecdimagingcd(MRI)cdofcdthecdheadcdSTATcdforcdacdpati
ent.cdWhichcddatacdwarrantscdimmediatecdinterventioncdbycdthecdnursecdconcerningcdthiscddiagnosticcdt
est?
A)cdElevatedcdbloodcdpressure.
B)cdAllergycdtocdshellcdfish.
C)cdRightcdhipcdreplacement.
D)cdHistorycdofcdatrialcdfibrillation.cd-cdanswers--C)cdRightcdhipcdreplacement.
ThecdmagneticcdfieldcdgeneratedcdbycdthecdMRIcdiscdsocdstrongcdthatcdmetal-
containingcditemscdarecdstronglycdattractedcdtocdthecdmagnet.cdBecausecdthecdhipcdjointcdiscdmadecdofcd
metal,cdacdleadcdshieldcdmustcdbecdusedcdduringcdthecdprocedure.cdElevatedcdbloodcdpressure,cdancdalle
rgycdtocdshellcdfish,cdandcdacdhistorycdofcdatrialcdfibrillationcdwouldcdnotcdaffectcdthecdMRI.
,Acdclient'scddaughtercdiscdsittingcdbycdhercdmother'scdbedsidecdwhocdwascdrecentlycdtransferredcdtocdthe
cdIntermediatecdCarecdUnit.cdShecdstatescd"Icddon'tcdunderstandcdwhatcdacdbraincdattackcdis.cdThecdhealt
hcarecdprovidercdtoldcdmecdmycdmothercdiscdincdseriouscdconditioncdandcdtheycdarecdgoingcdtocdruncdsev
eralcdtests.cdIcdjustcddon'tcdknowcdwhatcdiscdgoingcdon.cdWhatcdhappenedcdtocdmycdmother?"cdWhatcdisc
dthecdbestcdresponsecdbycdthecdnurse?
A)cd"Icdamcdsorry,cdbutcdaccordingcdtocdthecdHealthcdInsurancecdPortabilitycdandcdAccountingcdActcd(HIP
AA),cdIcdcannotcdgivecdyoucdanycdinformation."
B)cd"Yourcdmothercdhascdhadcdacdstroke,cdandcdthecdbloodcdsupplycdtocdthecdbraincdhascdbeencdblocked.
"
C)cd"Howcddocdyoucdfeelcdaboutcdwhatcdthecdhealthcarecdprovidercdsaid?"
D)cd"Icdwillcdcallcdthecdhealthcarecdprovidercdsocdhe/
shecdcancdtalkcdtocdyoucdaboutcdyourcdmother'scdseriouscdcondition."cd-cdanswers--
B)cd"Yourcdmothercdhascdhadcdacdstroke,cdandcdthecdbloodcdsupplycdtocdthecdbraincdhascdbeencdblocked.
"
Rationale:cdThecdnursecdcancddiscusscdwhatcdacddiagnosiscdmeans.cdNancycdiscdunablecdtocdmakecddecisi
ons,cdsocdthecdnextcdofcdkin,cdhercddaughter,cdGail,cdneedscdsufficientcdinformationcdtocdmakecdinformed
cddecisions.cdThecdnursecdhascdthecdknowledge,cdandcdthecdresponsibility,cdtocdexplaincdNancy'scdconditi
oncdtocdGail.cdThecdnursecdshouldcdgivecdfactscdfirst,cdandcdthencdaddresscdhercdfeelingscdaftercdthecdinf
ormationcdiscdprovided.
Whatcdiscdthecdnormalcdrangecdforcdcardiaccdoutput?cd-cdanswers--
Thecdnormalcdrangecdforcdcardiaccdoutputcdtocdensurecdcerebralcdbloodcdflowcdandcdoxygencddeliverycdis
cd4cdtocd8cdL/min.
Acdclientcdwascdadmittedcdwithcdthecddiagnosiscdofcdacdbraincdattack.cdTheircdsymptomscdbegancd24cdho
urscdbeforecdbeingcdadmitted.cdWhycdwouldcdthiscdclientcdnotcdbecdacdcandidatecdforcdforcdthrombolytic
cdtherapy?cd-cdanswers--
Thrombolyticcdtherapycdiscdcontraindicatedcdincdclientscdwithcdsymptomcdonsetcdlongercdthancd3cdhours
cdpriorcdtocdadmission.cdThiscdclientcdhadcdsymptomscdforcd24cdhourscdbeforecdbeingcdbroughtcdtocdthec
dmedicalcdcenter
Whatcdarecdplatecdguards?cd-cdanswers--
Platecdguardscdpreventcdfoodcdfromcdbeingcdpushedcdoffcdthecdplate.cdUsingcdplatecdguardscdandcdotherc
dassistivecddevicescdwillcdencouragecdindependencecdincdacdclientcdwithcdacdself-carecddeficit.
, Whichcdconditioncdiscdconsideredcdacdnon-modifiablecdriskcdfactorcdforcdacdbraincdattack?
A)cdHighcdcholesterolcdlevels.
B)cdObesity.
C)cdHistorycdofcdatrialcdfibrillation.
D)cdAdvancedcdage.cd-cdanswers--D)cdAdvancedcdage.
Rationale:cdPeoplecdovercdagecd55cdarecdacdhigh-
riskcdgroupcdforcdacdbraincdattackcdbecausecdthecdincidencecdofcdstrokecdmorecdthancddoublescdincdeachc
dsuccessivecddecadecdofcdlife.cdNon-
modifiablecdmeanscdthecdclientcdcannotcddocdanythingcdtocdchangecdthecdriskcdfactor.cdAllcdthecdothercd
optionscdarecdmodifiablecdriskcdfactors.
Acdclientcdiscdexperiencingcdhomonymouscdhemianopsiacdascdthecdresultcdofcdacdbraincdattack.cdWhichcd
nursingcdinterventioncdwouldcdthecdnursecdimplementcdtocdaddresscdthiscdcondition?
A)cdTurncdNancycdeverycdtwocdhourscdandcdperformcdactivecdrangecdofcdmotioncdexercises.
B)cdPlacecdthecdobjectscdNancycdneedscdforcdactivitiescdofcddailycdlivingcdoncdthecdleftcdsidecdofcdthecdtab
le.
C)cdSpeakcdslowlycdandcdclearlycdtocdassistcdNancycdincdformingcdsoundscdtocdwords.
D)cdRequestcdthatcdthecddietarycddepartmentcdthickencdallcdliquidscdoncdNancy'scdmealcdandcdsnackcdtra
ys.cd-cdanswers--
B)cdPlacecdthecdobjectscdNancycdneedscdforcdactivitiescdofcddailycdlivingcdoncdthecdleftcdsidecdofcdthecdtab
le.
Rationale:cdHomonymouscdhemianopsiacdiscdlosscdofcdthecdvisualcdfieldcdoncdthecdsamecdsidecdascdthecd
paralyzedcdside.cdThiscdresultscdincdthecdclientcdneglectingcdthatcdsidecdofcdthecdbody,cdsocditcdiscdbenefic
ialcdtocdplacecdobjectscdoncdthatcdside.cdNancycdhadcdacdleft-
hemispherecdbraincdattackcdsocdhercdrightcdsidecdiscdthecdweakcdside.cdSpeakingcdslowlycdandcdclearlycd
wouldcdaddresscdthecdclient'scdverbalcddeficitscdduecdtocdaphasia.cdRequestingcdallcdliquidscdtocdbecdthic
kenedcdwouldcdaddresscddysphagia.cdTurningcdthecdclientcdeverycd2cdhourscdandcdperformingcdactivecdra
ngecdofcdmotioncdexercisescdwouldcdaddresscdthecdclient'scdriskcdforcdimmobilitycdduecdtocdparalysis.
PACK 2024 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
AncdERcdnursecdiscdcompletingcdancdassessmentcdoncdacdpatientcdthatcdiscdalertcdbutcdstrugglescdtocdans
wercdquestions.cdWhencdshecdattemptscdtocdtalk,cdshecdslurscdhercdspeechcdandcdappearscdverycdfrighte
ned.cdWhatcdadditionalcdclinicalcdmanifestationcddoescdthecdnursecdexpectcdtocdfindcdifcdnacy'scdsysmpto
mscdhavecdbeencdcausedcdbycdacdbraincdattackcd(stroke)?
A.cdAcdcarotidcdbruit
B.cdAcdhypotensivecdbloodcdpressure
C.cdhyperreflexiccddeepcdtendoncdrelexes.
D.cdDecreasedcdbowelcdsoundscd-cdanswers--A)cdAcdcarotidcdbruit.
Rationale:cdthecdcarotidcdarterycd(arterycdtocdthecdbrain)cdiscdnarrowedcdincdclientscdwithcdacdbraincdatta
ck.cdAcdbruitcdiscdancdabnormalcdsoundcdheardcdoncdauscultationcdresultingcdfromcdinterferencecdwithcd
normalcdbloodcdflow.cdUsuallycdthecdbloodcdpressurecdiscdhypertensive.cdInitiallycdflaccidcdparalysiscdocc
urs,cdresultingcdincdhyporefkexiccddeepcdtendoncdreflexes.cdBowelcdsoundscdarecdnotcdindicativecdofcdacd
braincdattack.
Whichcdclinicalcdmanifestationcdfurthercdsupportscdancdassessmentcdofcdacdleft-sidedcdbraincdattack?
A)cdVisualcdfieldcddeficitcdoncdthecdleftcdside.
B)cdSpatial-perceptualcddeficits.
C)cdParesthesiacdofcdthecdleftcdside.
D)cdGlobalcdaphasia.
D)cdGlobalcdaphasia.cd-cdanswers--D)cdGlobalcdaphasia.
Rationale:cdGlobalcdaphasiacdreferscdtocddifficultycdspeaking,cdlistening,cdandcdunderstanding,cdascdwellcd
ascddifficultycdreadingcdandcdwriting.cdSymptomscdvarycdfromcdpersoncdtocdperson.cdAphasiacdmaycdoccu
,rcdsecondarycdtocdanycdbraincdinjurycdinvolvingcdthecdleftcdhemisphere.cdVisualcdfieldcddeficits,cdspatial-
perceptualcddeficits,cdandcdparesthsiacdofcdthecdleftcdsidecdusuallycdoccurcdwithcdright-
sidedcdbraincdattack.
Whencdpreparingcdacdpatientcdforcdacdnoncontrastcdcomputedcdtomographycd(CT)cdscancdSTAT,cdwhatcdn
ursingcdinterventioncdshouldcdthecdnursecdimplement?
A)cdDeterminecdifcdthecdclientcdhascdanycdallergiescdtocdiodine
B)cdExplaincdthatcdthecdclientcdwillcdnotcdbecdablecdtocdmovecdhercdheadcdthroughoutcdthecdCTcdscan.
C)cdPremedicatecdthecdclientcdtocddecreasecdpaincdpriorcdtocdhavingcdthecdprocedure.
D)cdProvidecdancdexplanationcdofcdrelaxationcdexercisescdpriorcdtocdthecdprocedure.cd-cdanswers--
B)cdExplaincdthatcdthecdclientcdwillcdnotcdbecdablecdtocdmovecdhercdheadcdthroughoutcdthecdCTcdscan.
Rationale:cdBecausecdheadcdmotioncdwillcddistortcdthecdimages,cdNancycdwillcdhavecdtocdremaincdstillcdth
roughoutcdthecdprocedure.cdAllergiescdtocdiodinecdiscdimportantcdifcdcontrastcddyecdiscdbeingcdusedcdforc
dthecdCTcdscan.cdPremedicatingcdthecdclientcdtocddecreasecdpaincdpriorcdtocdthecdprocedurecdiscdunnece
ssarycdbecausecdCTcdscanningcdiscdacdnoninvasivecdandcdpainlesscdprocedure.cdProvidingcdancdexplanatio
ncdofcdrelaxationcdexercisescdpriorcdtocdthecdprocedurecdiscdacdworthwhilecdinterventioncdtocddecreasecd
anxietycdbutcdiscdnotcdofcdhighestcdpriority.
Acdneurologistcdprescribescdacdmagneticcdresonancecdimagingcd(MRI)cdofcdthecdheadcdSTATcdforcdacdpati
ent.cdWhichcddatacdwarrantscdimmediatecdinterventioncdbycdthecdnursecdconcerningcdthiscddiagnosticcdt
est?
A)cdElevatedcdbloodcdpressure.
B)cdAllergycdtocdshellcdfish.
C)cdRightcdhipcdreplacement.
D)cdHistorycdofcdatrialcdfibrillation.cd-cdanswers--C)cdRightcdhipcdreplacement.
ThecdmagneticcdfieldcdgeneratedcdbycdthecdMRIcdiscdsocdstrongcdthatcdmetal-
containingcditemscdarecdstronglycdattractedcdtocdthecdmagnet.cdBecausecdthecdhipcdjointcdiscdmadecdofcd
metal,cdacdleadcdshieldcdmustcdbecdusedcdduringcdthecdprocedure.cdElevatedcdbloodcdpressure,cdancdalle
rgycdtocdshellcdfish,cdandcdacdhistorycdofcdatrialcdfibrillationcdwouldcdnotcdaffectcdthecdMRI.
,Acdclient'scddaughtercdiscdsittingcdbycdhercdmother'scdbedsidecdwhocdwascdrecentlycdtransferredcdtocdthe
cdIntermediatecdCarecdUnit.cdShecdstatescd"Icddon'tcdunderstandcdwhatcdacdbraincdattackcdis.cdThecdhealt
hcarecdprovidercdtoldcdmecdmycdmothercdiscdincdseriouscdconditioncdandcdtheycdarecdgoingcdtocdruncdsev
eralcdtests.cdIcdjustcddon'tcdknowcdwhatcdiscdgoingcdon.cdWhatcdhappenedcdtocdmycdmother?"cdWhatcdisc
dthecdbestcdresponsecdbycdthecdnurse?
A)cd"Icdamcdsorry,cdbutcdaccordingcdtocdthecdHealthcdInsurancecdPortabilitycdandcdAccountingcdActcd(HIP
AA),cdIcdcannotcdgivecdyoucdanycdinformation."
B)cd"Yourcdmothercdhascdhadcdacdstroke,cdandcdthecdbloodcdsupplycdtocdthecdbraincdhascdbeencdblocked.
"
C)cd"Howcddocdyoucdfeelcdaboutcdwhatcdthecdhealthcarecdprovidercdsaid?"
D)cd"Icdwillcdcallcdthecdhealthcarecdprovidercdsocdhe/
shecdcancdtalkcdtocdyoucdaboutcdyourcdmother'scdseriouscdcondition."cd-cdanswers--
B)cd"Yourcdmothercdhascdhadcdacdstroke,cdandcdthecdbloodcdsupplycdtocdthecdbraincdhascdbeencdblocked.
"
Rationale:cdThecdnursecdcancddiscusscdwhatcdacddiagnosiscdmeans.cdNancycdiscdunablecdtocdmakecddecisi
ons,cdsocdthecdnextcdofcdkin,cdhercddaughter,cdGail,cdneedscdsufficientcdinformationcdtocdmakecdinformed
cddecisions.cdThecdnursecdhascdthecdknowledge,cdandcdthecdresponsibility,cdtocdexplaincdNancy'scdconditi
oncdtocdGail.cdThecdnursecdshouldcdgivecdfactscdfirst,cdandcdthencdaddresscdhercdfeelingscdaftercdthecdinf
ormationcdiscdprovided.
Whatcdiscdthecdnormalcdrangecdforcdcardiaccdoutput?cd-cdanswers--
Thecdnormalcdrangecdforcdcardiaccdoutputcdtocdensurecdcerebralcdbloodcdflowcdandcdoxygencddeliverycdis
cd4cdtocd8cdL/min.
Acdclientcdwascdadmittedcdwithcdthecddiagnosiscdofcdacdbraincdattack.cdTheircdsymptomscdbegancd24cdho
urscdbeforecdbeingcdadmitted.cdWhycdwouldcdthiscdclientcdnotcdbecdacdcandidatecdforcdforcdthrombolytic
cdtherapy?cd-cdanswers--
Thrombolyticcdtherapycdiscdcontraindicatedcdincdclientscdwithcdsymptomcdonsetcdlongercdthancd3cdhours
cdpriorcdtocdadmission.cdThiscdclientcdhadcdsymptomscdforcd24cdhourscdbeforecdbeingcdbroughtcdtocdthec
dmedicalcdcenter
Whatcdarecdplatecdguards?cd-cdanswers--
Platecdguardscdpreventcdfoodcdfromcdbeingcdpushedcdoffcdthecdplate.cdUsingcdplatecdguardscdandcdotherc
dassistivecddevicescdwillcdencouragecdindependencecdincdacdclientcdwithcdacdself-carecddeficit.
, Whichcdconditioncdiscdconsideredcdacdnon-modifiablecdriskcdfactorcdforcdacdbraincdattack?
A)cdHighcdcholesterolcdlevels.
B)cdObesity.
C)cdHistorycdofcdatrialcdfibrillation.
D)cdAdvancedcdage.cd-cdanswers--D)cdAdvancedcdage.
Rationale:cdPeoplecdovercdagecd55cdarecdacdhigh-
riskcdgroupcdforcdacdbraincdattackcdbecausecdthecdincidencecdofcdstrokecdmorecdthancddoublescdincdeachc
dsuccessivecddecadecdofcdlife.cdNon-
modifiablecdmeanscdthecdclientcdcannotcddocdanythingcdtocdchangecdthecdriskcdfactor.cdAllcdthecdothercd
optionscdarecdmodifiablecdriskcdfactors.
Acdclientcdiscdexperiencingcdhomonymouscdhemianopsiacdascdthecdresultcdofcdacdbraincdattack.cdWhichcd
nursingcdinterventioncdwouldcdthecdnursecdimplementcdtocdaddresscdthiscdcondition?
A)cdTurncdNancycdeverycdtwocdhourscdandcdperformcdactivecdrangecdofcdmotioncdexercises.
B)cdPlacecdthecdobjectscdNancycdneedscdforcdactivitiescdofcddailycdlivingcdoncdthecdleftcdsidecdofcdthecdtab
le.
C)cdSpeakcdslowlycdandcdclearlycdtocdassistcdNancycdincdformingcdsoundscdtocdwords.
D)cdRequestcdthatcdthecddietarycddepartmentcdthickencdallcdliquidscdoncdNancy'scdmealcdandcdsnackcdtra
ys.cd-cdanswers--
B)cdPlacecdthecdobjectscdNancycdneedscdforcdactivitiescdofcddailycdlivingcdoncdthecdleftcdsidecdofcdthecdtab
le.
Rationale:cdHomonymouscdhemianopsiacdiscdlosscdofcdthecdvisualcdfieldcdoncdthecdsamecdsidecdascdthecd
paralyzedcdside.cdThiscdresultscdincdthecdclientcdneglectingcdthatcdsidecdofcdthecdbody,cdsocditcdiscdbenefic
ialcdtocdplacecdobjectscdoncdthatcdside.cdNancycdhadcdacdleft-
hemispherecdbraincdattackcdsocdhercdrightcdsidecdiscdthecdweakcdside.cdSpeakingcdslowlycdandcdclearlycd
wouldcdaddresscdthecdclient'scdverbalcddeficitscdduecdtocdaphasia.cdRequestingcdallcdliquidscdtocdbecdthic
kenedcdwouldcdaddresscddysphagia.cdTurningcdthecdclientcdeverycd2cdhourscdandcdperformingcdactivecdra
ngecdofcdmotioncdexercisescdwouldcdaddresscdthecdclient'scdriskcdforcdimmobilitycdduecdtocdparalysis.
