CBNS EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Examples of dietary nutrients that are absorbed directly into the enterohepatic portal blood system
include: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅amino acids,medium-chain fatty acids, monosaccharides
The hormone responsible for the decrease in gastrointestinal smooth muscle tone and motility during
pregnancy is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅progesterone
The ingestion of a meal containing large amounts of saturated fat will result in a transient increase in the
serum concentration of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅chylomicrons
The product of enterokinase reaction is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅trypsin
Most iron is transported in the blood via the plasma carrier: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅transferrin
The organs most active in the synthesis of endogenous cholesterol are the liver and the: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅adrenal glands
Lactulose is a carbohydrate that is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a nonabsorbable laxative
digested dietary protein is absorbed primarily in the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅jejunum
Monosaccharides are transported across the placenta from the maternal circulation to the fetal
circulation by the process of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅facilitated diffusion
If a bolus containing 600mOsm/L enters the jejunum, the net direction of fluid movement in the
intestinal tract will be: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅from the circulation to the intestinal lumen
Excessive production of gas within the intestines may be caused by excessive colonic bacterial
fermentation of unabsorbed: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅carbohydrates
,A major intracellular antioxidant is the nutrient: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅glutathione
A required prerequisite to the digestion of proteins is the HCl-dependent process called: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅denaturation
The true digestibility of dietary fatty acids is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅>95%
The structures of linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid differ in their: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅numbers of double bonds
An example of a compound that is not considered to be a component of dietary fiber is: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅amylose
Dietary fats and oils primarily are composed of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅triglycerides
A nutrient is considered to be conditionally essential when: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅its
endogenous production becomes insufficient to satisfy needs
Vitamin reserves can become depleted because all vitamins are: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅essential
nutrients
The process of adding a nutrient ot manufactured foods as a public health measure is called: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅foritification
Food additives can be used: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅as effective preservatives
Nutrification is the - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅addition of a nutrient to a food in order to assure the
distribution of that nutrient to a target population group
Ketones result from the metabolism of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅fatty acids
, The plasmalemma does not incorporate: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅vitamin A
The failure of a tissue or organ to develop properly is called: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅aplasia
Glutamine is the primary energy source for the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅small intestine
The metabolic effects of insulin include stimulation of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅myocyte amino
acid uptake
The most common skeletal complication of chronic renal failure is: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅secondary hyperparathyroidism
Most circulating cholesterol is eliminated from the body after metabolism to: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅bile acids
Vitamin B12 is a required cofactor in the biochemical pathway through which glucose is produced from
the amino acid: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅valine
Copper is a component of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ceruloplasmin
The decarboxylation of pyruvate involves a sequence of reactions that require, as coenzymes, the four
vitamins: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅thiamin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, and niacin
The size of the free amino acid pool in the human body is regulated by the rate of: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅oxidation of amino acids
During maximal aerobic exercise, the primary energy source is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅fatty acids
Examples of dietary nutrients that are absorbed directly into the enterohepatic portal blood system
include: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅amino acids,medium-chain fatty acids, monosaccharides
The hormone responsible for the decrease in gastrointestinal smooth muscle tone and motility during
pregnancy is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅progesterone
The ingestion of a meal containing large amounts of saturated fat will result in a transient increase in the
serum concentration of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅chylomicrons
The product of enterokinase reaction is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅trypsin
Most iron is transported in the blood via the plasma carrier: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅transferrin
The organs most active in the synthesis of endogenous cholesterol are the liver and the: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅adrenal glands
Lactulose is a carbohydrate that is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a nonabsorbable laxative
digested dietary protein is absorbed primarily in the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅jejunum
Monosaccharides are transported across the placenta from the maternal circulation to the fetal
circulation by the process of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅facilitated diffusion
If a bolus containing 600mOsm/L enters the jejunum, the net direction of fluid movement in the
intestinal tract will be: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅from the circulation to the intestinal lumen
Excessive production of gas within the intestines may be caused by excessive colonic bacterial
fermentation of unabsorbed: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅carbohydrates
,A major intracellular antioxidant is the nutrient: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅glutathione
A required prerequisite to the digestion of proteins is the HCl-dependent process called: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅denaturation
The true digestibility of dietary fatty acids is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅>95%
The structures of linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid differ in their: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅numbers of double bonds
An example of a compound that is not considered to be a component of dietary fiber is: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅amylose
Dietary fats and oils primarily are composed of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅triglycerides
A nutrient is considered to be conditionally essential when: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅its
endogenous production becomes insufficient to satisfy needs
Vitamin reserves can become depleted because all vitamins are: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅essential
nutrients
The process of adding a nutrient ot manufactured foods as a public health measure is called: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅foritification
Food additives can be used: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅as effective preservatives
Nutrification is the - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅addition of a nutrient to a food in order to assure the
distribution of that nutrient to a target population group
Ketones result from the metabolism of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅fatty acids
, The plasmalemma does not incorporate: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅vitamin A
The failure of a tissue or organ to develop properly is called: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅aplasia
Glutamine is the primary energy source for the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅small intestine
The metabolic effects of insulin include stimulation of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅myocyte amino
acid uptake
The most common skeletal complication of chronic renal failure is: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅secondary hyperparathyroidism
Most circulating cholesterol is eliminated from the body after metabolism to: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅bile acids
Vitamin B12 is a required cofactor in the biochemical pathway through which glucose is produced from
the amino acid: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅valine
Copper is a component of: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ceruloplasmin
The decarboxylation of pyruvate involves a sequence of reactions that require, as coenzymes, the four
vitamins: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅thiamin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, and niacin
The size of the free amino acid pool in the human body is regulated by the rate of: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅oxidation of amino acids
During maximal aerobic exercise, the primary energy source is: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅fatty acids
