St. Andrews Scots Sr. Sec. School
9th Avenue, I.P. Extension, Patparganj, Delhi – 110092
Session: 2022-2023
Chapter 8 - Notes
Class: VIII Subject: Science Topic: Reproduction in Animals
Reproduction:
Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce more living organisms of its
own kind.
Mode of Reproduction:
There are two main types of reproduction in living organisms.
1. Asexual Reduction: The process of reproduction in which new individuals are produced
from a single parent. E.g. microorganisms.
Asexual reproduction is found in the single-celled organism such as the archabacteria,
eubacteria etc. Many plants and fungi reproduce asexually as well.
2. Sexual Reproduction: The process of reproduction in which two individuals are involved
to produce a new individual. E.g. Human, tiger
Sexual Reproduction:
In animals, males and females have different reproductive parts or organs. The reproductive
parts in animals produce gametes that fuse to form a zygote. It is the zygote which develops
into a new individual. This type of reproduction beginning from the fusion of male and
female gametes is called sexual reproduction.
Reproductive Organs in Humans:
Male Reproductive System:
A pair of testes (singular, testis), two sperm ducts and a penis, these are the male reproductive
organs. The testes produce the male gametes called sperms. Millions of male gametes
(sperms) are produced by the testes. Though sperms are very small in size, each has a head, a
middle piece and a tail. Sperm is a single cell with all the usual cell components.
, Female Reproductive System:
A pair of ovaries, oviducts (Fallopian tubes) and the uterus, these are the female reproductive
organs. Ovary produces female gametes called ova (eggs). In human beings, a single matured
egg is released by one of the ovaries, into the oviduct every month. Uterus is the part where
development of the baby takes place. An egg is also a single cell.
Fertilization:
The process of fertilization is fusion of a male gamete (Sperm) with a female gamete (Ovum)
is called fertilization. Zygote is formed after fertilization.
9th Avenue, I.P. Extension, Patparganj, Delhi – 110092
Session: 2022-2023
Chapter 8 - Notes
Class: VIII Subject: Science Topic: Reproduction in Animals
Reproduction:
Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce more living organisms of its
own kind.
Mode of Reproduction:
There are two main types of reproduction in living organisms.
1. Asexual Reduction: The process of reproduction in which new individuals are produced
from a single parent. E.g. microorganisms.
Asexual reproduction is found in the single-celled organism such as the archabacteria,
eubacteria etc. Many plants and fungi reproduce asexually as well.
2. Sexual Reproduction: The process of reproduction in which two individuals are involved
to produce a new individual. E.g. Human, tiger
Sexual Reproduction:
In animals, males and females have different reproductive parts or organs. The reproductive
parts in animals produce gametes that fuse to form a zygote. It is the zygote which develops
into a new individual. This type of reproduction beginning from the fusion of male and
female gametes is called sexual reproduction.
Reproductive Organs in Humans:
Male Reproductive System:
A pair of testes (singular, testis), two sperm ducts and a penis, these are the male reproductive
organs. The testes produce the male gametes called sperms. Millions of male gametes
(sperms) are produced by the testes. Though sperms are very small in size, each has a head, a
middle piece and a tail. Sperm is a single cell with all the usual cell components.
, Female Reproductive System:
A pair of ovaries, oviducts (Fallopian tubes) and the uterus, these are the female reproductive
organs. Ovary produces female gametes called ova (eggs). In human beings, a single matured
egg is released by one of the ovaries, into the oviduct every month. Uterus is the part where
development of the baby takes place. An egg is also a single cell.
Fertilization:
The process of fertilization is fusion of a male gamete (Sperm) with a female gamete (Ovum)
is called fertilization. Zygote is formed after fertilization.
