Decison Making correct answers -the cornerstone of planning
-the catalyst that drives the planning process
-underlies the formulation and implementation of all plans
Planning correct answers -occurs within an environmental context
The Environmental Context (Planning) correct answers The Organization's Mission
-Purpose
-Premises
-Values
-Directions
Strategic goals -> Strategic plans -> Tactical goals -> Tactical plans -> operational goals ->
Operational plans
Organizational Goals correct answers -goals serve four important purposes:
-they proved guidance and a unified direction
-goal-setting affects other aspects of planning
~effective goal setting promotes god planning
~good planning facilitates future goal setting (following good set patterns)
-specific, measurable and moderately difficult goals can motivate employees (10 push ups ex;
knowing when you've reached your goal)
-goals provide an effective mechanism for evaluations and control
Kinds of Goals (Level) correct answers -Goals are set for and by different levels
,Mission Statement correct answers -states an organization's fundamental purpose
Strategic Goals correct answers -is set by/for top management
-focus is on broad, general goals
Tactical Goals correct answers -is set by/for middle managers
-focus is on actions necessary to achieve strategic goals
Operational Goals correct answers -set by/for lower-level mangers
-focus is on short-term issues associated with tactical goals
Kind of Goals- Area correct answers -Organizations set goals for different areas
-operations, marketing, finance, quality control, productivity, human resources
Kind of Goals- Time Frame correct answers -Organizations set goals across different time frames
-long term, intermediate term and short term goals
Responsibilities for setting goals correct answers - who sets goals? = all managers
-managers are responsible for setting goals that correspond to their level in the organization
Managing Multiple goals correct answers -sometimes goals will conflict
-*optimizing*
Optimizing correct answers -involves balancing and reconciling possible conflicts among goals
-how can we do things better, faster, smarter, etc.
Organizational Planning correct answers -Kinds of plans
, -Time frames for planning
-Who is responsible for planning
-Contingency planning
Strategic Plan correct answers -A general plan outlining decisions of resources allocation,
priorities, and action steps necessary to reach strategic goals
Tactical Plan correct answers -A plan aimed at achieving tactical goals, developed to implement
part of a strategic plan
-tactical plans are battle as strategy is to war
Operational Plan correct answers -Focuses on carrying out tactical plans to achieve operational
goals
Time Frames for Planning correct answers -Long range plans
-Intermediate plans
-Short range plans.
Long-Range Plan correct answers -Covers many years, perhaps decades, commonly five years or
more
Intermediate Plans correct answers -Generally cover from one to five years
Short-Range Plan correct answers -Covers a span of a year or less
Action Plan correct answers -operationalizes any other plan
Reaction Plan correct answers -Reacts to unforeseen events