HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
2025-2026 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What causes a shift of the oxyhemoglobin curve to the right?
a. Chronic disease.
b. Increased pH
c. Decreased H+ ions
d. Decreased temperature -Answer:-a. Chronic disease
What is the term used for an excess of RBCs?
a. Anemia
b. Polycythemia
c. Pancytopenia
d. Granulocytosis -Answer:-b. Polycythemia
What is false regarding aplastic anemia?
a. It runs in families
,b. It causes overproduction of hematopoietic tissue
c. It is characterized by pancytopenia
d. It is caused by viral infections -Answer:-b. It causes
overproduction of hematopoietic tissue
Which of the following is a macrocytic anemia?
a. Thalassemia
b. Anemia of chronic renal failure
c. Iron deficiency anemia
d. Pernicious anemia -Answer:-d. Pernicious anemia
Which of the following are appropriate for sickle cell anemia?
a. Early spleen removal
b. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever
c. Dehydration to prevent vaso-occlusive crises
d. Maintain cool room temperature to prevent fever -Answer:-b.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever
,Anemia of chronic disease is caused by lack of what hormone?
a. Estrogen
b. Erythropoietin
c. Parathyroid hormone
d. Adrenaline -Answer:-b. Erythropoietin
S/Sx of anemia are: (select all that apply)
a. Pallor
b. Bradycardia
c. Shortness of breath
d. Reduced activity tolerance
e. Dry mucous membranes -Answer:-a. Pallor
c. Shortness of breath
d. Reduced activity tolerance
How do platelets contribute to hemostasis?
a. Cause vasoconstriction
b. Stimulate fibrinolysis
, c. Clumping
d. Intrinsic pathway -Answer:-c. Clumping
What is true of petechiae in vascular and platelet disorders?
a. Red, raised and macular
b. Flat and purple with vesicles
c. Flat, pinpoint and non-blanching
d. Raised, red and blanching -Answer:-c. Flat, pinpoint and non-
blanching
What is true about disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
a. It is both a bleeding and a clotting disorder
b. The acute form has more thrombotic episodes
c. Fibrinogen level is increased
d. Fibrin split products are decreased -Answer:-a. It is both a
bleeding and a clotting disorder
Allergic purpura lesions include all of the flowing except:
2025-2026 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What causes a shift of the oxyhemoglobin curve to the right?
a. Chronic disease.
b. Increased pH
c. Decreased H+ ions
d. Decreased temperature -Answer:-a. Chronic disease
What is the term used for an excess of RBCs?
a. Anemia
b. Polycythemia
c. Pancytopenia
d. Granulocytosis -Answer:-b. Polycythemia
What is false regarding aplastic anemia?
a. It runs in families
,b. It causes overproduction of hematopoietic tissue
c. It is characterized by pancytopenia
d. It is caused by viral infections -Answer:-b. It causes
overproduction of hematopoietic tissue
Which of the following is a macrocytic anemia?
a. Thalassemia
b. Anemia of chronic renal failure
c. Iron deficiency anemia
d. Pernicious anemia -Answer:-d. Pernicious anemia
Which of the following are appropriate for sickle cell anemia?
a. Early spleen removal
b. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever
c. Dehydration to prevent vaso-occlusive crises
d. Maintain cool room temperature to prevent fever -Answer:-b.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever
,Anemia of chronic disease is caused by lack of what hormone?
a. Estrogen
b. Erythropoietin
c. Parathyroid hormone
d. Adrenaline -Answer:-b. Erythropoietin
S/Sx of anemia are: (select all that apply)
a. Pallor
b. Bradycardia
c. Shortness of breath
d. Reduced activity tolerance
e. Dry mucous membranes -Answer:-a. Pallor
c. Shortness of breath
d. Reduced activity tolerance
How do platelets contribute to hemostasis?
a. Cause vasoconstriction
b. Stimulate fibrinolysis
, c. Clumping
d. Intrinsic pathway -Answer:-c. Clumping
What is true of petechiae in vascular and platelet disorders?
a. Red, raised and macular
b. Flat and purple with vesicles
c. Flat, pinpoint and non-blanching
d. Raised, red and blanching -Answer:-c. Flat, pinpoint and non-
blanching
What is true about disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
a. It is both a bleeding and a clotting disorder
b. The acute form has more thrombotic episodes
c. Fibrinogen level is increased
d. Fibrin split products are decreased -Answer:-a. It is both a
bleeding and a clotting disorder
Allergic purpura lesions include all of the flowing except:
