Bio 252 EXIT EXAM ALL VERSIONS 2025 | LATEST AND ACCURATE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS | VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST UPDATE

1. How does the eye lens accommodate for near vision? A) The suspensory ligament tightens causing the lens to thin B) The suspensory ligament loosens causing the lens to thicken C) The pupil dilates to allow more light D) The iris contracts Correct Answer: B Rationale: For near vision, the suspensory ligament relaxes, allowing the lens to become thicker and more convex to focus light on the retina. 2. Identify the eye lens: A) Transparent, flexible structure behind the iris that focuses light B) Outer white layer of the eye C) Layer containing photoreceptor cells D) Fluid-filled chamber Correct Answer: A Rationale: The lens is a transparent, flexible structure that changes shape to focus light on the retina. 3. Identify the retina, sclera, and choroid: A) Retina - S, Choroid - R, Sclera - C B) Retina - R, Choroid - C, Sclera - S C) Retina - C, Choroid - S, Sclera - R D) Retina - S, Choroid - C, Sclera - R Correct Answer: B Rationale: Retina (R) is the innermost light-sensitive layer; Choroid (C) is the vascular middle layer; Sclera (S) is the outer white protective layer. 4. What are the receptor cells for hearing? - A) Rod cells B) Hair cells in cochlea C) Olfactory receptors D) Taste buds Correct Answer: B Rationale: Hair cells in the cochlea convert sound vibrations into neural signals. 5. Identify the cochlea: A) Outer ear structure B) Inner ear spiral-shaped organ responsible for hearing C) Middle ear bone D) Part of the auditory nerve Correct Answer: B Rationale: The cochlea is a spiral-shaped organ in the inner ear involved in hearing. 6. What is the overall function of the semicircular canals? A) Hearing B) Balance and equilibrium C) Vision D) Smell Correct Answer: B Rationale: Semicircular canals detect rotational movements and help maintain balance. 7. Identify the tympanic membrane: A) Transparent lens B) Eardrum that vibrates to transmit sound C) Outer ear flap D) Inner ear fluid Correct Answer: B Rationale: The tympanic membrane (eardrum) vibrates in response to sound waves. 8. Identify the semicircular canal: A) Part of the eye B) Fluid-filled canals in the inner ear for balance C) Auditory nerve D) Middle ear bone Correct Answer: B Rationale: Semicircular canals are fluid-filled structures in the inner ear important for balance. 9. Types of endocrine glands include: A) Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal B) Sweat, salivary, lacrimal C) Liver, pancreas, kidney D) Thymus, spleen, tonsils Correct Answer: A Rationale: These glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. 10. What is paracrine secretion? A) Secretion into the bloodstream B) Secretion onto neighboring cells C) Secretion acting on the same cell D) Secretion through ducts Correct Answer: B Rationale: Paracrine signals act locally on neighboring cells. 11. What is autocrine secretion? A) Secretion into blood B) Secretion onto neighboring cells C) Secretion acting on the same cell that secretes them D) Secretion through ducts Correct Answer: C Rationale: Autocrine signals affect the same cell that releases them. 12. What is endocrine secretion? A) Secretion through ducts B) Secretion into the bloodstream to distant targets C) Secretion acting locally D) Secretion on the same cell Correct Answer: B Rationale: Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream to affect distant organs. 13. What is the hypophyseal portal system? A) Connects hypothalamus to posterior pituitary B) Allows hormones to travel from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary C) Connects pituitary to thyroid D) Connects adrenal glands to kidneys Correct Answer: B Rationale: This vascular system transports releasing hormones from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary. - 14. What connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? A) Infundibulum B) Optic chiasma C) Medulla oblongata D) Thalamus Correct Answer: A Rationale: The infundibulum is the stalk connecting hypothalamus to pituitary. 15. Which are releasing hormones from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary? A) GnRH → FSH and LH; TRH → TSH and Prolactin; CRH → ACTH; hGH → hGH B) ADH → Oxytocin; TSH → Thyroid hormone C) Insulin → Glucagon; Cortisol → Aldosterone D) Dopamine → Prolactin Correct Answer: A Rationale: These hormones regulate secretion of anterior pituitary hormones.