Sample Final Exam - Biology 1124 prep
Questions 2025 With All Correct
Solutions.
A synonymous mutation
A. Changes the encoded protein but not the DNA
B. Changes the DNA but not the encoded protein
C. Is a nonsense mutation
D. Causes a reading frameshift
E. All of the above - Answer B
2. What is an example of a physiological adaptation that enables an organism to function
optimally in its environment?
A. Blood flow into the gills of fish moves in the opposite direction of water flow to maximize
oxygen extraction from water.
B. The African naked mole rat's insensitivity to carbonic acid allows it to live in an environment
high in carbon dioxide.
C. The large surface area of the fins, flippers and tailfins on dolphins increases their propulsive
force through the water.
D. The hopping gait of marsupials allows them to carry their young with little additional
metabolic cost.
E. All answers are correct - Answer E
The term homeostasis refers to:
A. Positive feedback
B. The phenomenon by which organisms maintain physiological conditions within some optimal
range
C. Organisms that generate their own internal heat
D. Requires control by the hypothalamus
E. Attraction the same sex - Answer B
Which of the following would be a possible response to a decrease in environmental
temperature?
,E. All answers are correct. - Answer E
The countercurrent heat exchange system of some large, rapidly swimming fish such as bluefin
tuna,
A. traps heat generated by the muscles within the body.
B. produces heat.
C. cools the blood returning to the heart.
D. lowers the internal body temperature to that of the surrounding water.
E. cools the skin. - Answer A
The thermoregulatory functions of the hypothalamus have been studied by implanting probes
to heat or cool the hypothalamus of small mammals. If the hypothalamus is cooled, the animal
will
A. decrease metabolic heat production.
B. stop shivering.
C. produce more brown fat than white fat.
D. increase metabolic heat production.
E. immediately begin panting and sweating. - Answer D
What type of animal basks in the sun to regulate body temperature?
A. ectotherm
B. endotherm
C. mammal
D. homeotherm
E. poikilotherm - Answer A
When the external temperature is lower than the internal body temperature, what mechanism
does the circulatory system use to trap heat?
A. blubber storage
B. vasodilation
C. vasoconstriction
D. shivering
, B. glycolysis, fermentation, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
C. glycolysis, Calvin cycle, adenylyl cyclase, lactic acid oxidation
D. glycolysis, citric acid cycle, Calvin cycle, reductive phosphorylation
E. glycolysis, conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation -
Answer E
Glycolysis produces net
A. 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH
B. 4 pyruvates, 4 ATP, 4 NADH
C. 2 citric acids, 2 ATP, 2 NADH
D. CO2, water, 2 ATP
E. none of the above - Answer A
In oxidative phosphorylation, ATP is produced from a proton gradient across the inner
mitochondrial membrane. This proton gradient is produced by
A. proton phosphorylation
B. the electron transport chain
C. osmosis
D. NADH synthase
E. none of the above - Answer B
Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol plus carbon dioxide is called
A. acetyl-CoA oxidation
B. fermentation
C. lactic acid oxidation
D. oxidative phosphorylation
E. NADH synthetase - Answer B
What statement concerning genome size and organism characteristics is correct?
A. The larger the organism, the larger the genome size.
B. Prokaryotes have larger genome sizes than eukaryotes.
C. Among eukaryotes, there is no correlation between genome size and the functional
Questions 2025 With All Correct
Solutions.
A synonymous mutation
A. Changes the encoded protein but not the DNA
B. Changes the DNA but not the encoded protein
C. Is a nonsense mutation
D. Causes a reading frameshift
E. All of the above - Answer B
2. What is an example of a physiological adaptation that enables an organism to function
optimally in its environment?
A. Blood flow into the gills of fish moves in the opposite direction of water flow to maximize
oxygen extraction from water.
B. The African naked mole rat's insensitivity to carbonic acid allows it to live in an environment
high in carbon dioxide.
C. The large surface area of the fins, flippers and tailfins on dolphins increases their propulsive
force through the water.
D. The hopping gait of marsupials allows them to carry their young with little additional
metabolic cost.
E. All answers are correct - Answer E
The term homeostasis refers to:
A. Positive feedback
B. The phenomenon by which organisms maintain physiological conditions within some optimal
range
C. Organisms that generate their own internal heat
D. Requires control by the hypothalamus
E. Attraction the same sex - Answer B
Which of the following would be a possible response to a decrease in environmental
temperature?
,E. All answers are correct. - Answer E
The countercurrent heat exchange system of some large, rapidly swimming fish such as bluefin
tuna,
A. traps heat generated by the muscles within the body.
B. produces heat.
C. cools the blood returning to the heart.
D. lowers the internal body temperature to that of the surrounding water.
E. cools the skin. - Answer A
The thermoregulatory functions of the hypothalamus have been studied by implanting probes
to heat or cool the hypothalamus of small mammals. If the hypothalamus is cooled, the animal
will
A. decrease metabolic heat production.
B. stop shivering.
C. produce more brown fat than white fat.
D. increase metabolic heat production.
E. immediately begin panting and sweating. - Answer D
What type of animal basks in the sun to regulate body temperature?
A. ectotherm
B. endotherm
C. mammal
D. homeotherm
E. poikilotherm - Answer A
When the external temperature is lower than the internal body temperature, what mechanism
does the circulatory system use to trap heat?
A. blubber storage
B. vasodilation
C. vasoconstriction
D. shivering
, B. glycolysis, fermentation, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
C. glycolysis, Calvin cycle, adenylyl cyclase, lactic acid oxidation
D. glycolysis, citric acid cycle, Calvin cycle, reductive phosphorylation
E. glycolysis, conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation -
Answer E
Glycolysis produces net
A. 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH
B. 4 pyruvates, 4 ATP, 4 NADH
C. 2 citric acids, 2 ATP, 2 NADH
D. CO2, water, 2 ATP
E. none of the above - Answer A
In oxidative phosphorylation, ATP is produced from a proton gradient across the inner
mitochondrial membrane. This proton gradient is produced by
A. proton phosphorylation
B. the electron transport chain
C. osmosis
D. NADH synthase
E. none of the above - Answer B
Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol plus carbon dioxide is called
A. acetyl-CoA oxidation
B. fermentation
C. lactic acid oxidation
D. oxidative phosphorylation
E. NADH synthetase - Answer B
What statement concerning genome size and organism characteristics is correct?
A. The larger the organism, the larger the genome size.
B. Prokaryotes have larger genome sizes than eukaryotes.
C. Among eukaryotes, there is no correlation between genome size and the functional
