D326 DTMG 3179 Advanced Data
Management
Objective Assessment Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
©2025
, Question 1
An enterprise application deployed across multiple geographic regions
experiences intermittent network partitions. According to the CAP
theorem, if the system is designed to remain available during partitions,
which guarantee must be compromised?
- A. Durability
- B. Consistency
- C. Scalability
- D. Latency
ANS: B
Rationale: The CAP theorem states that in the presence of network
partitions, a distributed system can achieve either consistency or
availability—but not both. If availability is prioritized, the system must
allow for temporary inconsistencies.
---
Question 2
In NoSQL database systems, which model is typically favored over ACID-
compliance to achieve high scalability and performance?
- A. BASE
- B. ACID+
- C. Strong Consistency
- D. Two-phase commit
ANS: A
Rationale: NoSQL databases often relax strict ACID properties in favor
of BASE (Basically Available, Soft state, Eventually consistent) properties,
which allow for improved scalability and performance in distributed
environments.
---
©2025
, Question 3
For performing complex analytical queries on massive datasets, which
storage engine is preferred in advanced data management?
- A. Row-store database
- B. Column-store database
- C. Graph database
- D. Key‑value store
ANS: B
Rationale: Column‑store databases optimize read and aggregation
operations by storing data in columns rather than rows, enhancing I/O
efficiency for analytical queries.
---
Question 4
A company is designing a data warehouse to support decision-making
processes. Which characteristic differentiates a data warehouse from an
OLTP system?
- A. High transaction throughput
- B. Highly normalized schema
- C. Denormalized structure optimized for query performance
- D. Real‑time updates
ANS: C
Rationale: Data warehouses are typically denormalized to accelerate
complex analytical queries, whereas OLTP systems are normalized to
support fast, transactional operations.
---
Question 5
Which phase in an ETL process is primarily responsible for cleaning,
transforming, and integrating data from disparate sources into a target
©2025
, schema?
- A. Extraction
- B. Transformation
- C. Loading
- D. Data visualization
ANS: B
Rationale: The transformation phase in an ETL process cleans and
converts raw data into a consistent format suitable for analysis and
storage in the target system.
---
Question 6
A distributed database employs asynchronous replication for data
redundancy across nodes. What is the main trade-off associated with this
replication strategy?
- A. Improved consistency at the expense of performance
- B. Immediate consistency but high network latency
- C. Eventual consistency rather than immediate consistency
- D. Reduced availability in the event of node failures
ANS: C
Rationale: Asynchronous replication enhances performance and
availability but typically provides eventual consistency rather than
guaranteeing that every read reflects the most recent write immediately.
---
Question 7
When a large dataset is partitioned across multiple servers using a
partition key, this technique is commonly known as:
- A. Sharding
- B. Clustering
- C. Indexing
©2025
Management
Objective Assessment Review
(Questions & Solutions)
2025
©2025
, Question 1
An enterprise application deployed across multiple geographic regions
experiences intermittent network partitions. According to the CAP
theorem, if the system is designed to remain available during partitions,
which guarantee must be compromised?
- A. Durability
- B. Consistency
- C. Scalability
- D. Latency
ANS: B
Rationale: The CAP theorem states that in the presence of network
partitions, a distributed system can achieve either consistency or
availability—but not both. If availability is prioritized, the system must
allow for temporary inconsistencies.
---
Question 2
In NoSQL database systems, which model is typically favored over ACID-
compliance to achieve high scalability and performance?
- A. BASE
- B. ACID+
- C. Strong Consistency
- D. Two-phase commit
ANS: A
Rationale: NoSQL databases often relax strict ACID properties in favor
of BASE (Basically Available, Soft state, Eventually consistent) properties,
which allow for improved scalability and performance in distributed
environments.
---
©2025
, Question 3
For performing complex analytical queries on massive datasets, which
storage engine is preferred in advanced data management?
- A. Row-store database
- B. Column-store database
- C. Graph database
- D. Key‑value store
ANS: B
Rationale: Column‑store databases optimize read and aggregation
operations by storing data in columns rather than rows, enhancing I/O
efficiency for analytical queries.
---
Question 4
A company is designing a data warehouse to support decision-making
processes. Which characteristic differentiates a data warehouse from an
OLTP system?
- A. High transaction throughput
- B. Highly normalized schema
- C. Denormalized structure optimized for query performance
- D. Real‑time updates
ANS: C
Rationale: Data warehouses are typically denormalized to accelerate
complex analytical queries, whereas OLTP systems are normalized to
support fast, transactional operations.
---
Question 5
Which phase in an ETL process is primarily responsible for cleaning,
transforming, and integrating data from disparate sources into a target
©2025
, schema?
- A. Extraction
- B. Transformation
- C. Loading
- D. Data visualization
ANS: B
Rationale: The transformation phase in an ETL process cleans and
converts raw data into a consistent format suitable for analysis and
storage in the target system.
---
Question 6
A distributed database employs asynchronous replication for data
redundancy across nodes. What is the main trade-off associated with this
replication strategy?
- A. Improved consistency at the expense of performance
- B. Immediate consistency but high network latency
- C. Eventual consistency rather than immediate consistency
- D. Reduced availability in the event of node failures
ANS: C
Rationale: Asynchronous replication enhances performance and
availability but typically provides eventual consistency rather than
guaranteeing that every read reflects the most recent write immediately.
---
Question 7
When a large dataset is partitioned across multiple servers using a
partition key, this technique is commonly known as:
- A. Sharding
- B. Clustering
- C. Indexing
©2025
