,Chapter2601:26Foundations26of26Maternity,26Women’s26Health,26and26Child26Health26Nursin
g26McKinney:26Evolve26Resources26for26Maternal-Child26Nursing,265th26Edition
MULTIPLE26CHOICE
1. Which26factor26significantly26contributed26to26the26shift26from26home26births26to26hospital
26births26in26the26early2620th26century?
a. Puerperal26sepsis26was26identified26as26a26risk26factor26in26labor26and26delivery.
b. Forceps26were26developed26to26facilitate26difficult26births.
c. The26importance26of26early26parental-infant26contact26was26identified.
d. Technologic26developments26became26available26to26physicians.
ANS:26D
Technologic26developments26were26available26to26physicians,26not26lay26midwives.26So26in-
hospital26births26increased26in26order26to26take26advantage26of26these26advancements.26Puerperal
26sepsis26has26been26a26known26problem26for26generations.26In26the26late2619th26century,26Semmel
weis26discovered26how26it26could26be26prevented26with26improved26hygienic26practices.26The26d
evelopment26of26forceps26is26an26example26of26a26technology26advance26made26in26the26early262
0th26century26but26is26not26the26only26reason26birthplaces26moved.26Unlike26home26births,26early
26hospital26births26hindered26bonding26between26parents26and26their26infants.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26REF
:2 6 p.261 OBJ:2 6 Integrated26Process:26Teaching-
Learning26MSC:26Client26Needs:26Safe26and26Effective26Care26Environ
ment
2. Family-centered26maternity26care26developed26in26response26to
a. demands26by26physicians26for26family26involvement26in26childbirth.
b. the26Sheppard-Towner26Act26of261921.
c. parental26requests26that26infants26be26allowed26to26remain26with26them26rathe
r26than26in26a26nursery.
d. changes26in26pharmacologic26management26of26labor.
ANS:26C
As26research26began26to26identify26the26benefits26of26early26extended26parent-
infant26contact,26parents26began26to26insist26that26the26infant26remain26with26them.26This26gra
dually26developed26into26the26practice26of26rooming-in26and26finally26to26family-
centered26maternity26care.26Family-
centered26care26was26a26request26by26parents,26not26physicians.26The26Sheppard-
Towner26Act26of26192126provided26funds26for26state-
managed26programs26for26mothers26and26children.26The26changes26in26pharmacologic26man
agement26of26labor26were26not26a26factor26in26family-centered26maternity26care.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26REF
:2 6 p.262 OBJ:2 6 Integrated26Process:26Teaching-
Learning26MSC:26Client26Needs:26Psychosocial26Integrity
3. Which26setting26for26childbirth26allows26the26least26amount26of26parent-infant26contact?
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum26room
b. Birth26center
c. Traditional26hospital26birth
d. Home26birth
,.
, ANS:26C
In26the26traditional26hospital26setting,26the26mother26may26see26the26infant26for26only26short26feedi
ng26periods,26and26the26infant26is26cared26for26in26a26separate26nursery.26The26labor/delivery/reco
very/postpartum26room26setting26allows26increased26parent-
infant26contact.26Birth26centers26are26set26up26to26allow26an26increase26in26parent-
infant26contact.26Home26births26allow26an26increase26in26parent-infant26contact.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26RE
F:2 6 p.262 OBJ:2 6 Nursing26Process:26Planning
MSC:2 6 Client26Needs:26Health26Promotion26and26Maintenance
4. As26a26result26of26changes26in26health26care26delivery26and26funding,26a26current26trend2
6seen26in26the26pediatric26setting26is
a. increased26hospitalization26of26children.
b. decreased26number26of26children26living26in26poverty.
c. an26increase26in26ambulatory26care.
d. decreased26use26of26managed26care.
ANS:26C
One26effect26of26managed26care26has26been26that26pediatric26health26care26delivery26has26shif
ted26dramatically26from26the26acute26care26setting26to26the26ambulatory26setting26in26order26to
26provide26more26cost-
efficient26care.26The26number26of26hospital26beds26being26used26has26decreased26as26more26c
are26is26given26in26outpatient26settings26and26in26the26home.26The26number26of26children26livi
ng26in26poverty26has26increased26over26the26past26decade.26One26of26the26biggest26changes26i
n26health26care26has26been26the26growth26of26managed26care.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26RE
F:2 6 p.265 OBJ:2 6 Nursing26Process:26Planning
MSC:2 6 Client26Needs:26Safe26and26Effective26Care26Environment
5. The26Women,26Infants,26and26Children26(WIC)26program26provides
a. well-child26examinations26for26infants26and26children26living26at26the26poverty26level.
b. immunizations26for26high-risk26infants26and26children.
c. screening26for26infants26with26developmental26disorders.
d. supplemental26food26supplies26to26low-income26pregnant26or26breastfeeding26women.
ANS:26D
WIC26is26a26federal26program26that26provides26supplemental26food26supplies26to26low-
income26women26who26are26pregnant26or26breastfeeding26and26to26their26children26until26age265
26years.26Medicaid‘s26Early26and26Periodic26Screening,26Diagnosis,26and26Treatment26Program
26provides26for26well-
child26examinations26and26for26treatment26of26any26medical26problems26diagnosed26during26suc
h26checkups.26Children26in26the26WIC26program26are26often26referred26for26immunizations,26but2
6that26is26not26the26primary26focus26of26the26program.26Public26Law2699-
45726is26part26of26the26Individuals26with26Disabilities26Education26Act26that26provides26financia
l26incentives26to26states26to26establish26comprehensive26early26intervention26services26for26infan
ts26and26toddlers26with,26or26at26risk26for,26developmental26disabilities.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF: REF:2 6 p.268
Cognitive26Level:26Comprehension26OB
J:2 6 Integrated26Process:26Teaching-Learning
MSC:26Client26Needs:26Health26Promotion26and26Maintenance
g26McKinney:26Evolve26Resources26for26Maternal-Child26Nursing,265th26Edition
MULTIPLE26CHOICE
1. Which26factor26significantly26contributed26to26the26shift26from26home26births26to26hospital
26births26in26the26early2620th26century?
a. Puerperal26sepsis26was26identified26as26a26risk26factor26in26labor26and26delivery.
b. Forceps26were26developed26to26facilitate26difficult26births.
c. The26importance26of26early26parental-infant26contact26was26identified.
d. Technologic26developments26became26available26to26physicians.
ANS:26D
Technologic26developments26were26available26to26physicians,26not26lay26midwives.26So26in-
hospital26births26increased26in26order26to26take26advantage26of26these26advancements.26Puerperal
26sepsis26has26been26a26known26problem26for26generations.26In26the26late2619th26century,26Semmel
weis26discovered26how26it26could26be26prevented26with26improved26hygienic26practices.26The26d
evelopment26of26forceps26is26an26example26of26a26technology26advance26made26in26the26early262
0th26century26but26is26not26the26only26reason26birthplaces26moved.26Unlike26home26births,26early
26hospital26births26hindered26bonding26between26parents26and26their26infants.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26REF
:2 6 p.261 OBJ:2 6 Integrated26Process:26Teaching-
Learning26MSC:26Client26Needs:26Safe26and26Effective26Care26Environ
ment
2. Family-centered26maternity26care26developed26in26response26to
a. demands26by26physicians26for26family26involvement26in26childbirth.
b. the26Sheppard-Towner26Act26of261921.
c. parental26requests26that26infants26be26allowed26to26remain26with26them26rathe
r26than26in26a26nursery.
d. changes26in26pharmacologic26management26of26labor.
ANS:26C
As26research26began26to26identify26the26benefits26of26early26extended26parent-
infant26contact,26parents26began26to26insist26that26the26infant26remain26with26them.26This26gra
dually26developed26into26the26practice26of26rooming-in26and26finally26to26family-
centered26maternity26care.26Family-
centered26care26was26a26request26by26parents,26not26physicians.26The26Sheppard-
Towner26Act26of26192126provided26funds26for26state-
managed26programs26for26mothers26and26children.26The26changes26in26pharmacologic26man
agement26of26labor26were26not26a26factor26in26family-centered26maternity26care.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26REF
:2 6 p.262 OBJ:2 6 Integrated26Process:26Teaching-
Learning26MSC:26Client26Needs:26Psychosocial26Integrity
3. Which26setting26for26childbirth26allows26the26least26amount26of26parent-infant26contact?
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum26room
b. Birth26center
c. Traditional26hospital26birth
d. Home26birth
,.
, ANS:26C
In26the26traditional26hospital26setting,26the26mother26may26see26the26infant26for26only26short26feedi
ng26periods,26and26the26infant26is26cared26for26in26a26separate26nursery.26The26labor/delivery/reco
very/postpartum26room26setting26allows26increased26parent-
infant26contact.26Birth26centers26are26set26up26to26allow26an26increase26in26parent-
infant26contact.26Home26births26allow26an26increase26in26parent-infant26contact.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26RE
F:2 6 p.262 OBJ:2 6 Nursing26Process:26Planning
MSC:2 6 Client26Needs:26Health26Promotion26and26Maintenance
4. As26a26result26of26changes26in26health26care26delivery26and26funding,26a26current26trend2
6seen26in26the26pediatric26setting26is
a. increased26hospitalization26of26children.
b. decreased26number26of26children26living26in26poverty.
c. an26increase26in26ambulatory26care.
d. decreased26use26of26managed26care.
ANS:26C
One26effect26of26managed26care26has26been26that26pediatric26health26care26delivery26has26shif
ted26dramatically26from26the26acute26care26setting26to26the26ambulatory26setting26in26order26to
26provide26more26cost-
efficient26care.26The26number26of26hospital26beds26being26used26has26decreased26as26more26c
are26is26given26in26outpatient26settings26and26in26the26home.26The26number26of26children26livi
ng26in26poverty26has26increased26over26the26past26decade.26One26of26the26biggest26changes26i
n26health26care26has26been26the26growth26of26managed26care.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF:
Cognitive26Level:26Knowledge/Remembering26RE
F:2 6 p.265 OBJ:2 6 Nursing26Process:26Planning
MSC:2 6 Client26Needs:26Safe26and26Effective26Care26Environment
5. The26Women,26Infants,26and26Children26(WIC)26program26provides
a. well-child26examinations26for26infants26and26children26living26at26the26poverty26level.
b. immunizations26for26high-risk26infants26and26children.
c. screening26for26infants26with26developmental26disorders.
d. supplemental26food26supplies26to26low-income26pregnant26or26breastfeeding26women.
ANS:26D
WIC26is26a26federal26program26that26provides26supplemental26food26supplies26to26low-
income26women26who26are26pregnant26or26breastfeeding26and26to26their26children26until26age265
26years.26Medicaid‘s26Early26and26Periodic26Screening,26Diagnosis,26and26Treatment26Program
26provides26for26well-
child26examinations26and26for26treatment26of26any26medical26problems26diagnosed26during26suc
h26checkups.26Children26in26the26WIC26program26are26often26referred26for26immunizations,26but2
6that26is26not26the26primary26focus26of26the26program.26Public26Law2699-
45726is26part26of26the26Individuals26with26Disabilities26Education26Act26that26provides26financia
l26incentives26to26states26to26establish26comprehensive26early26intervention26services26for26infan
ts26and26toddlers26with,26or26at26risk26for,26developmental26disabilities.
PTS:2 6 1 DIF: REF:2 6 p.268
Cognitive26Level:26Comprehension26OB
J:2 6 Integrated26Process:26Teaching-Learning
MSC:26Client26Needs:26Health26Promotion26and26Maintenance
