MDC3 EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Acute Kidney Injury:
Categories: - ANS PreRenal: before the kidney
IntraRenal: Kidneys
PostRenal: After the kidneys
Acute Kidney Injury: Causes - ANS Sudden loss of kidney function due to decreased blood
flow or damage to the kidneys due to disease processes or blockage of the urinary tract
Acute Kidney Injury: abnormalities - ANS Elevated BUN/creatinine, oliguria
Elements of renal assessments - ANS HISTORY
-(Change in urine frequency, trauma,surgery, transfusion, allergic reaction, use of NSAIDs)
S/S
- (fluid overload, oliguria, hypoperfusion, hypoxemia)
LABS
-(creatinine, sodium ,potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, blood ph, blood
bicarbonate, blood co2, H/H, blood osmolarity/osmolality)
IMAGING (ultrasonography, CT scan, Xray, MAG3)
BIOPSY
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, Elements of reproductive assessments - ANS HISTORY (reproductive/sexual)
CURRENT HEALTH PROBLEMS
FEMALE: pelvic and breast exam, menstrual irregularities, unexplained abdominal or vaginal
pain, vaginal discharge, itching, sores or infection, rape trauma or pelvic injury, physical
changes in the vagina, cervix, and uterus
MALE: may not get examined unless they have a specific problem
LABS:FSH, LH, Prolactin , Estradiol , Estriol, Progesterone,Testosterone
Prostate specific antigen (PSA), Total estrogens, Pregnanediol, Ketosteroids
Benign Prostatic Hypertension:
S&S: - ANS Difficulty starting urine stream, decreased velocity of urine stream, intermittent
voiding, dribbling at the end, incomplete bladder emptying/retention, increased risk/recurrence
of infection, urinary frequency/urgency/dysuria, nocturia/incontinence, and bladder urethra
pain.
BPH nursing care and education - ANS -Monitor output
-Preform bladder irrigation to maintain patency of the catheter
-monitor pain
-Pharmacological and non pharm interventions
-Monitor for bleeding
-Watch for bladder spasms
-Monitor for skin break down
-Educate on S/S of infection
-keep area clean and dry
-Watch catheter for obstruction
BPH surgical post care - ANS -Monitor urinary output to assure maintenance of fluid balance.
-Perform continuous bladder irrigation to maintain patency of the catheter.
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
ANSWERS
Acute Kidney Injury:
Categories: - ANS PreRenal: before the kidney
IntraRenal: Kidneys
PostRenal: After the kidneys
Acute Kidney Injury: Causes - ANS Sudden loss of kidney function due to decreased blood
flow or damage to the kidneys due to disease processes or blockage of the urinary tract
Acute Kidney Injury: abnormalities - ANS Elevated BUN/creatinine, oliguria
Elements of renal assessments - ANS HISTORY
-(Change in urine frequency, trauma,surgery, transfusion, allergic reaction, use of NSAIDs)
S/S
- (fluid overload, oliguria, hypoperfusion, hypoxemia)
LABS
-(creatinine, sodium ,potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, blood ph, blood
bicarbonate, blood co2, H/H, blood osmolarity/osmolality)
IMAGING (ultrasonography, CT scan, Xray, MAG3)
BIOPSY
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Elements of reproductive assessments - ANS HISTORY (reproductive/sexual)
CURRENT HEALTH PROBLEMS
FEMALE: pelvic and breast exam, menstrual irregularities, unexplained abdominal or vaginal
pain, vaginal discharge, itching, sores or infection, rape trauma or pelvic injury, physical
changes in the vagina, cervix, and uterus
MALE: may not get examined unless they have a specific problem
LABS:FSH, LH, Prolactin , Estradiol , Estriol, Progesterone,Testosterone
Prostate specific antigen (PSA), Total estrogens, Pregnanediol, Ketosteroids
Benign Prostatic Hypertension:
S&S: - ANS Difficulty starting urine stream, decreased velocity of urine stream, intermittent
voiding, dribbling at the end, incomplete bladder emptying/retention, increased risk/recurrence
of infection, urinary frequency/urgency/dysuria, nocturia/incontinence, and bladder urethra
pain.
BPH nursing care and education - ANS -Monitor output
-Preform bladder irrigation to maintain patency of the catheter
-monitor pain
-Pharmacological and non pharm interventions
-Monitor for bleeding
-Watch for bladder spasms
-Monitor for skin break down
-Educate on S/S of infection
-keep area clean and dry
-Watch catheter for obstruction
BPH surgical post care - ANS -Monitor urinary output to assure maintenance of fluid balance.
-Perform continuous bladder irrigation to maintain patency of the catheter.
Copyright ©2025 BRIGHTSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
