, Primary26Care:26Art26and26Science26of26Advanced26Practice26Nursing26-
th
26An26Interprofessional26Approach265 26edition26Dunphy26Test26Bank
Chapter261.26Primary26Care26in26the26Twenty-
First26Century:26A26Circle26of26Caring
1. A26nurse26has26conducted26a26literature26review26in26an26effort26to26identify26the26effect26of26handwa
shing26on26the26incidence26of26nosocomial26(hospital-
acquired)26infections26in26acute26care26settings.26An26article26presented26findings26at26a26level26of26sig
nificance26of26<0.01.26This26indicates26that
A) the26control26group26and26the26experimental26group26were26more26than2699%26similar.
B) the26findings26of26the26study26have26less26than261%26chance26of26being26attributable26to26chance.
C) the26effects26of26the26intervention26were26nearly26zero.
D) the26clinical26significance26of26the26findings26was26less26than261:100.
Ans:26B
Feedback:26The26level26of26significance26is26the26level26at26which26the26researcher26believes26that26the26s
tudy26results26most26likely26represent26a26nonchance26event.26A26level26of26significance26of26<0.0126ind
icates26that26there26is26less26than261%26probability26that26the26result26is26due26to26chance.
2. A26nurse26has26read26a26qualitative26research26study26in26order26to26understand26the26lived26experienc
e26of26parents26who26have26a26neonatal26loss.26Which26of26the26following26questions26should26the26nurs
e26prioritize26when26appraising26the26results26of26this26study?
A) How26well26did26the26authors26capture26the26personal26experiences26of26these26parents?
B) How26well26did26the26authors26control26for26confounding26variables26that26may26have26affected26the26fin
dings?
C) Did26the26authors26use26statistical26measures26that26were26appropriate26to26the26phenomenon26in26questio
n?
D) Were26the26instruments26that26the26researchers26used26statistically26valid26and26reliable?
Ans:26A
Feedback:26Qualitative26studies26are26judged26on26the26basis26of26how26well26they26capture26and26conve
y26the26subjective26experiences26of26individuals.26Statistical26measures26and26variables26are26not26dimen
sions26of26a26qualitative26methodology.
3. A26nurse26has26expressed26skepticism26to26a26colleague26about26the26value26of26nursing26research,26cl
aiming26that26nursing26research26has26little26relevance26to26practice.26How26can26the26nurses26colleagu
e26best26defend26the26importance26of26nursing26research?
,A) The26existence26of26nursing26research26means26that26nurses26are26now26able26to26access26federal26gr
ant26money,26something26that26didnt26use26to26be26the26case.
B) Nursing26research26has26allowed26the26development26of26masters26and26doctoral26programs26and26h
as26greatly26increased26the26credibility26of26the26profession.
C) The26growth26of26nursing26research26has26caused26nursing26to26be26viewed26as26a26true26profession,
26rather26than26simply26as26a26trade26or26a26skill.
D) The26application26of26nursing26research26has26the26potential26to26improve26nursing26practice26a
nd26patient26outcomes.
Ans:26D
Feedback:26The26greatest26value26of26nursing26research26lies26in26the26potential26to26improve26practice26
and,26ultimately,26to26improve26patient26outcomes.26This26supersedes26the26contributions26of26nursing26r
esearch26to26education26programs,26grant26funding,26or26the26public26view26of26the26profession.
4. Tracy26is26a26nurse26with26a26baccalaureate26degree26who26works26in26the26labor26and26delivery26u
nit26of26a26busy26urban26hospital.26She26has26noticed26that26many26new26mothers26abandon26breast-
feeding26their26babies26when26they26experience26early26challenges26and26wonders26what26could26be2
6done26to26encourage26more26women26to26continue26breast-
feeding.26What26role26is26Tracy26most26likely26to26play26in26a26research26project26that26tests26an26inte
rvention26aimed26at26promoting26breast-feeding?
A) Applying26for26grant26funding26for26the26research26project
B) Posing26the26clinical26problem26to26one26or26more26nursing26researchers
C) Planning26the26methodology26of26the26research26project
D) Carrying26out26the26intervention26and26submitting26the26results26for26publ
ication26Ans:26B
Feedback:26A26major26role26for26staff26nurses26is26to26identify26questions26or26problems26for26rese
arch.26Grant26applications,26methodological26planning,26and26publication26submission26are26nor
mally26carried26out26by26nurses26who26have26advanced26degrees26in26nursing.
5. A26patient26signed26the26informed26consent26form26for26a26drug26trial26that26was26explained26to26
patient26by26a26research26assistant.26Later,26the26patient26admitted26to26his26nurse26that26he26did26not
26understand26the26research26assistants26explanation26or26his26own26role26in26the26study.26How26shou
ld26this26patients26nurse26respond26to26this26revelation?
A) Explain26the26research26process26to26the26patient26in26greater26detail.
B) Describe26the26details26of26a26randomized26controlled26trial26for26the26patient.
, C) Inform26the26research26assistant26that26the26patients26consent26is26likely26invalid.
D) Explain26to26the26patient26that26his26written26consent26is26now26legally26binding.
Ans:26C
Feedback:26Just26as26the26staff26nurse26is26not26responsible26for26medical26consent,26the26staff26nurse26is
26not26responsible26for26research26consent.26If26patients26who26have26agreed26to26participate26exhibit26a
mbivalence26or26uncertainty26about26participating,26do26not26try26to26convince26them26to26participate.26
Ask26the26person26from26the26research26team26who26is26managing26consents26to26speak26with26concerne
d26patients26about26the26study,26even26after26a26patient26has26signed26the26consent26forms.
Multiple26Selection
6. A26nurse26leader26is26attempting26to26increase26the26awareness26of26evidence-
based26practice26(EBP)26among26the26nurses26on26a26unit.26A26nurse26who26is26implementing26EBP26inte
grates26which26of26the26following?26(Select26all26that26apply.)
A) Interdisciplinary26consensus
B) Nursing26tradition
C) Research26studies
D) Patient26preferences26and26values
E) Clinical26expertis
e26Ans:26C,26D,26E
Feedback:26Fineout-Overholt,26Melnyk,26Stillwell,26and26Williamson26define26EBP26as26a26problem-
solving26approach26to26the26delivery26of26healthcare26that26integrates26the26best26evidence26from26studie
s26and26patient26care26data26with26clinician26expertise26and26patient26preferences26and26values.
Multiple26Choice
7. Mrs.26Mayes26is26a2673-year-
old26woman26who26has26a26diabetic26foot26ulcer26that26has26been26extremely26slow26to26heal26and26whic
h26now26poses26a26threat26of26osteomyelitis.26The26wound26care26nurse26who26has26been26working26wit
h26Mrs.26Mayes26applies26evidence-
based26practice26(EBP)26whenever26possible26and26has26proposed26the26use26of26maggot26therapy26to26d
ebride26necrotic26tissue.26Mrs.26Mayes,26however,26finds26the26suggestion26repugnant26and26adamantly
26opposes26this26treatment26despite26the26sizable26body26of26evidence26supporting26it.26How26should26the
26nurse26reconcile26Mrs.26Mayes26views26with26the26principles26of26EBP?
A) The26nurse26should26explain26that26reliable26and26valid26research26evidence26overrides26the26patients26op
inion.
B) The26nurse26should26explain26the26evidence26to26the26patient26in26greater26detail.
th
26An26Interprofessional26Approach265 26edition26Dunphy26Test26Bank
Chapter261.26Primary26Care26in26the26Twenty-
First26Century:26A26Circle26of26Caring
1. A26nurse26has26conducted26a26literature26review26in26an26effort26to26identify26the26effect26of26handwa
shing26on26the26incidence26of26nosocomial26(hospital-
acquired)26infections26in26acute26care26settings.26An26article26presented26findings26at26a26level26of26sig
nificance26of26<0.01.26This26indicates26that
A) the26control26group26and26the26experimental26group26were26more26than2699%26similar.
B) the26findings26of26the26study26have26less26than261%26chance26of26being26attributable26to26chance.
C) the26effects26of26the26intervention26were26nearly26zero.
D) the26clinical26significance26of26the26findings26was26less26than261:100.
Ans:26B
Feedback:26The26level26of26significance26is26the26level26at26which26the26researcher26believes26that26the26s
tudy26results26most26likely26represent26a26nonchance26event.26A26level26of26significance26of26<0.0126ind
icates26that26there26is26less26than261%26probability26that26the26result26is26due26to26chance.
2. A26nurse26has26read26a26qualitative26research26study26in26order26to26understand26the26lived26experienc
e26of26parents26who26have26a26neonatal26loss.26Which26of26the26following26questions26should26the26nurs
e26prioritize26when26appraising26the26results26of26this26study?
A) How26well26did26the26authors26capture26the26personal26experiences26of26these26parents?
B) How26well26did26the26authors26control26for26confounding26variables26that26may26have26affected26the26fin
dings?
C) Did26the26authors26use26statistical26measures26that26were26appropriate26to26the26phenomenon26in26questio
n?
D) Were26the26instruments26that26the26researchers26used26statistically26valid26and26reliable?
Ans:26A
Feedback:26Qualitative26studies26are26judged26on26the26basis26of26how26well26they26capture26and26conve
y26the26subjective26experiences26of26individuals.26Statistical26measures26and26variables26are26not26dimen
sions26of26a26qualitative26methodology.
3. A26nurse26has26expressed26skepticism26to26a26colleague26about26the26value26of26nursing26research,26cl
aiming26that26nursing26research26has26little26relevance26to26practice.26How26can26the26nurses26colleagu
e26best26defend26the26importance26of26nursing26research?
,A) The26existence26of26nursing26research26means26that26nurses26are26now26able26to26access26federal26gr
ant26money,26something26that26didnt26use26to26be26the26case.
B) Nursing26research26has26allowed26the26development26of26masters26and26doctoral26programs26and26h
as26greatly26increased26the26credibility26of26the26profession.
C) The26growth26of26nursing26research26has26caused26nursing26to26be26viewed26as26a26true26profession,
26rather26than26simply26as26a26trade26or26a26skill.
D) The26application26of26nursing26research26has26the26potential26to26improve26nursing26practice26a
nd26patient26outcomes.
Ans:26D
Feedback:26The26greatest26value26of26nursing26research26lies26in26the26potential26to26improve26practice26
and,26ultimately,26to26improve26patient26outcomes.26This26supersedes26the26contributions26of26nursing26r
esearch26to26education26programs,26grant26funding,26or26the26public26view26of26the26profession.
4. Tracy26is26a26nurse26with26a26baccalaureate26degree26who26works26in26the26labor26and26delivery26u
nit26of26a26busy26urban26hospital.26She26has26noticed26that26many26new26mothers26abandon26breast-
feeding26their26babies26when26they26experience26early26challenges26and26wonders26what26could26be2
6done26to26encourage26more26women26to26continue26breast-
feeding.26What26role26is26Tracy26most26likely26to26play26in26a26research26project26that26tests26an26inte
rvention26aimed26at26promoting26breast-feeding?
A) Applying26for26grant26funding26for26the26research26project
B) Posing26the26clinical26problem26to26one26or26more26nursing26researchers
C) Planning26the26methodology26of26the26research26project
D) Carrying26out26the26intervention26and26submitting26the26results26for26publ
ication26Ans:26B
Feedback:26A26major26role26for26staff26nurses26is26to26identify26questions26or26problems26for26rese
arch.26Grant26applications,26methodological26planning,26and26publication26submission26are26nor
mally26carried26out26by26nurses26who26have26advanced26degrees26in26nursing.
5. A26patient26signed26the26informed26consent26form26for26a26drug26trial26that26was26explained26to26
patient26by26a26research26assistant.26Later,26the26patient26admitted26to26his26nurse26that26he26did26not
26understand26the26research26assistants26explanation26or26his26own26role26in26the26study.26How26shou
ld26this26patients26nurse26respond26to26this26revelation?
A) Explain26the26research26process26to26the26patient26in26greater26detail.
B) Describe26the26details26of26a26randomized26controlled26trial26for26the26patient.
, C) Inform26the26research26assistant26that26the26patients26consent26is26likely26invalid.
D) Explain26to26the26patient26that26his26written26consent26is26now26legally26binding.
Ans:26C
Feedback:26Just26as26the26staff26nurse26is26not26responsible26for26medical26consent,26the26staff26nurse26is
26not26responsible26for26research26consent.26If26patients26who26have26agreed26to26participate26exhibit26a
mbivalence26or26uncertainty26about26participating,26do26not26try26to26convince26them26to26participate.26
Ask26the26person26from26the26research26team26who26is26managing26consents26to26speak26with26concerne
d26patients26about26the26study,26even26after26a26patient26has26signed26the26consent26forms.
Multiple26Selection
6. A26nurse26leader26is26attempting26to26increase26the26awareness26of26evidence-
based26practice26(EBP)26among26the26nurses26on26a26unit.26A26nurse26who26is26implementing26EBP26inte
grates26which26of26the26following?26(Select26all26that26apply.)
A) Interdisciplinary26consensus
B) Nursing26tradition
C) Research26studies
D) Patient26preferences26and26values
E) Clinical26expertis
e26Ans:26C,26D,26E
Feedback:26Fineout-Overholt,26Melnyk,26Stillwell,26and26Williamson26define26EBP26as26a26problem-
solving26approach26to26the26delivery26of26healthcare26that26integrates26the26best26evidence26from26studie
s26and26patient26care26data26with26clinician26expertise26and26patient26preferences26and26values.
Multiple26Choice
7. Mrs.26Mayes26is26a2673-year-
old26woman26who26has26a26diabetic26foot26ulcer26that26has26been26extremely26slow26to26heal26and26whic
h26now26poses26a26threat26of26osteomyelitis.26The26wound26care26nurse26who26has26been26working26wit
h26Mrs.26Mayes26applies26evidence-
based26practice26(EBP)26whenever26possible26and26has26proposed26the26use26of26maggot26therapy26to26d
ebride26necrotic26tissue.26Mrs.26Mayes,26however,26finds26the26suggestion26repugnant26and26adamantly
26opposes26this26treatment26despite26the26sizable26body26of26evidence26supporting26it.26How26should26the
26nurse26reconcile26Mrs.26Mayes26views26with26the26principles26of26EBP?
A) The26nurse26should26explain26that26reliable26and26valid26research26evidence26overrides26the26patients26op
inion.
B) The26nurse26should26explain26the26evidence26to26the26patient26in26greater26detail.
