1. Which is an appropriate snack for a client with diabetes mellitus?
A. Doughnut
B. Apple with peanut butter
C. Candy bar
D. White bread and jam
Answer: B. Apple with peanut butter
Rationale: This snack includes fiber and protein, helping stabilize blood
glucose levels.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with cancer-related cachexia. Which is
the priority nutritional goal?
A. Weight loss
B. Increased fluid intake
C. Increased caloric intake
D. High-fiber diet
Answer: C. Increased caloric intake
Rationale: Cachexia involves significant muscle wasting; the primary
goal is to increase calorie and protein intake.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a heart-healthy diet. Which
instruction is appropriate?
A. Increase saturated fat intake
B. Use trans fats for cooking
C. Consume fish twice per week
D. Avoid all carbohydrates
Answer: C. Consume fish twice per week
Rationale: Fatty fish like salmon provide omega-3s which reduce
cardiovascular risk. Saturated and trans fats should be limited.
4. What food should a nurse recommend for a client who needs
increased zinc intake?
,A. Carrots
B. Legumes
C. Apples
D. Potatoes
Answer: B. Legumes
Rationale: Legumes, meats, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of
zinc, important for immune function and wound healing.
5. Which food choice supports iron absorption in a client taking oral
iron supplements?
A. Milk
B. Coffee
C. Orange juice
D. Green tea
Answer: C. Orange juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk and tannins in
coffee/tea inhibit absorption.
6. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client with a new colostomy.
Which food should the nurse recommend to decrease odor?
A. Broccoli
B. Garlic
C. Buttermilk
D. Fish
Answer: C. Buttermilk
Rationale: Buttermilk, yogurt, and parsley can help reduce colostomy
odor. Cruciferous vegetables and fish increase it.
7. Which is the best snack option for a toddler?
A. Raw carrots
B. Popcorn
C. Cheese cubes
D. Whole grapes
, Answer: C. Cheese cubes
Rationale: Cheese is safe and nutritious. Carrots, popcorn, and whole
grapes are choking hazards for toddlers.
8. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
and eggs are lactose-free.
9. A nurse is teaching a client with celiac disease. Which of the
following grains should be avoided?
A. Corn
B. Rice
C. Barley
D. Quinoa
Answer: C. Barley
Rationale: Barley contains gluten and should be avoided in celiac
disease. Corn, rice, and quinoa are gluten-free.
10. Which food should a nurse suggest for a client needing increased
dietary fiber?
A. White rice
B. Apples with skin
C. Chicken breast
D. Eggs
Answer: B. Apples with skin
Rationale: Whole fruits, especially with skin, are high in fiber. White
rice and animal products have little to no fiber.
A. Doughnut
B. Apple with peanut butter
C. Candy bar
D. White bread and jam
Answer: B. Apple with peanut butter
Rationale: This snack includes fiber and protein, helping stabilize blood
glucose levels.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with cancer-related cachexia. Which is
the priority nutritional goal?
A. Weight loss
B. Increased fluid intake
C. Increased caloric intake
D. High-fiber diet
Answer: C. Increased caloric intake
Rationale: Cachexia involves significant muscle wasting; the primary
goal is to increase calorie and protein intake.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a heart-healthy diet. Which
instruction is appropriate?
A. Increase saturated fat intake
B. Use trans fats for cooking
C. Consume fish twice per week
D. Avoid all carbohydrates
Answer: C. Consume fish twice per week
Rationale: Fatty fish like salmon provide omega-3s which reduce
cardiovascular risk. Saturated and trans fats should be limited.
4. What food should a nurse recommend for a client who needs
increased zinc intake?
,A. Carrots
B. Legumes
C. Apples
D. Potatoes
Answer: B. Legumes
Rationale: Legumes, meats, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of
zinc, important for immune function and wound healing.
5. Which food choice supports iron absorption in a client taking oral
iron supplements?
A. Milk
B. Coffee
C. Orange juice
D. Green tea
Answer: C. Orange juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk and tannins in
coffee/tea inhibit absorption.
6. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client with a new colostomy.
Which food should the nurse recommend to decrease odor?
A. Broccoli
B. Garlic
C. Buttermilk
D. Fish
Answer: C. Buttermilk
Rationale: Buttermilk, yogurt, and parsley can help reduce colostomy
odor. Cruciferous vegetables and fish increase it.
7. Which is the best snack option for a toddler?
A. Raw carrots
B. Popcorn
C. Cheese cubes
D. Whole grapes
, Answer: C. Cheese cubes
Rationale: Cheese is safe and nutritious. Carrots, popcorn, and whole
grapes are choking hazards for toddlers.
8. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
and eggs are lactose-free.
9. A nurse is teaching a client with celiac disease. Which of the
following grains should be avoided?
A. Corn
B. Rice
C. Barley
D. Quinoa
Answer: C. Barley
Rationale: Barley contains gluten and should be avoided in celiac
disease. Corn, rice, and quinoa are gluten-free.
10. Which food should a nurse suggest for a client needing increased
dietary fiber?
A. White rice
B. Apples with skin
C. Chicken breast
D. Eggs
Answer: B. Apples with skin
Rationale: Whole fruits, especially with skin, are high in fiber. White
rice and animal products have little to no fiber.
