BIO 669 Pulmonary Problems: Questions With In-
Depth Solutions
_____________ is the subjective sensation fo uncomfortable breathing.
_____________ is r/t HF and puts more pressure on the diaphragm
leading to dyspnea when lying down.
_____________ _____________ _____________: leads to waking up at night
gasping for air, could be pulmonary or cardiac that leads to this.
Right Answer - dyspnea
orthopnea
PND
The acute cough is 2-3 weeks, and chronic cough is long term, most
commonly assoc with _____________ _____________ and can start to cause
respiratory changes such as _____________ _____________, damage to
respiratory tract d/t smoke inhalation, assume _____________ or
chronic cough as a result of smoking , but need to r/o _____________
_____________ and non-smoker's cough d/t URI, CHF, pneumonia,
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Right Answer - smoker's
cough
cilliary paralysis
bronchitis
lung cancer
_____________: coughing up blood, burst aneurysm, somehow blood is
making way into airways. Right Answer - hemoptysis
_____________ _____________: large tidal volume, breathing deeply and not
pausing in between deep breaths, slight inc rate.
_____________ _____________: alternating shallow and deep breathing, if
shallow, progressively deepens, reach a crescendo, then become
more shallow until the person develops _____________, then becomes
,shallow, then repeats resulting in _____________ _____________. Right
Answer - Kussmaul respirations
Cheyne-stokes respirations
apnea
brainstem hypoxia
_____________ dec ventilation leading to CO2 buildup
_____________- CO2 retention Right Answer - hypoventilation
hypercapnia
_____________: inc in ventilation, remove CO2 faster than you're
making it so have _____________, r/t _____________ more than gas
exchange. Right Answer - hyperventilation
hypocapnia
ventilation
_____________: not a great indicator of perfusion or O2 delivery.
_____________ cyanosis: throughout body, dec arterial oxygenation
_____________ cyanosis: localized and d/t poor circulation Right
Answer - cyanosis
central
peripheral
_____________: chronic hypoxemia indicator, if you have pulmonary
_____________, can lead to chronic hypoxemia, and its thought that the
_____________ become dislodged within the fingertips and lead to the
release of platelet derived _____________ factors leading to remodeling
of finger tips. Right Answer - clubbing
fibrosis
platelets
growth
_____________ is a ventilation problem d/t a dec drive to breathe or dec
ability to ventilate. Right Answer - hypercapnia
, _____________ is low O2 levels in the arterial blood.
_____________ is a dec oxygenation in the tissues like d/t increasing
local metabolic demand, exceeding the supply provided by the
arteries. Right Answer - hypoxemia-low blood O2
hypoxia: low oxygen in the tissues
_____________/_____________ abnormalities: The body tries to be efficient
in terms of supplying well ventilated alveoli with high amounts of
_____________, so they can become _____________ and drop off
_____________, if the alveoli is less oxygenated or has a CO2 buildup, it
will have airway changes that facilitate ____ _____________ to that
alveolar group or ascini. Right Answer - ventilation/perfusion
blood
oxygenated and drop off Co2
inc ventilation
_____________ is the entire respiratory unit within the alveolus of
respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts that are the combination
of the unit. Right Answer - ascini
If the ascini start to have stale air, dec oxygen and inc Co2,
_____________ will not be sent there bc it won't be beneficial in the
oxygenation, dropping off Co2 process, so the local response right
before that capillary, will be to _____________ and prevent the blood to
that stale air alveolus, and will _____________ to another area.
Right Answer - blood
vasoconstrict
shunt
If there is a widespread lack of ventilation, and there is no place to
shunt the blood to that would get better ventilation or perfusion,
will get _____________ to _____________ shunting, leading to _____________
oxygenation and _____________ Co2 retention, and lead to _____________
Depth Solutions
_____________ is the subjective sensation fo uncomfortable breathing.
_____________ is r/t HF and puts more pressure on the diaphragm
leading to dyspnea when lying down.
_____________ _____________ _____________: leads to waking up at night
gasping for air, could be pulmonary or cardiac that leads to this.
Right Answer - dyspnea
orthopnea
PND
The acute cough is 2-3 weeks, and chronic cough is long term, most
commonly assoc with _____________ _____________ and can start to cause
respiratory changes such as _____________ _____________, damage to
respiratory tract d/t smoke inhalation, assume _____________ or
chronic cough as a result of smoking , but need to r/o _____________
_____________ and non-smoker's cough d/t URI, CHF, pneumonia,
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Right Answer - smoker's
cough
cilliary paralysis
bronchitis
lung cancer
_____________: coughing up blood, burst aneurysm, somehow blood is
making way into airways. Right Answer - hemoptysis
_____________ _____________: large tidal volume, breathing deeply and not
pausing in between deep breaths, slight inc rate.
_____________ _____________: alternating shallow and deep breathing, if
shallow, progressively deepens, reach a crescendo, then become
more shallow until the person develops _____________, then becomes
,shallow, then repeats resulting in _____________ _____________. Right
Answer - Kussmaul respirations
Cheyne-stokes respirations
apnea
brainstem hypoxia
_____________ dec ventilation leading to CO2 buildup
_____________- CO2 retention Right Answer - hypoventilation
hypercapnia
_____________: inc in ventilation, remove CO2 faster than you're
making it so have _____________, r/t _____________ more than gas
exchange. Right Answer - hyperventilation
hypocapnia
ventilation
_____________: not a great indicator of perfusion or O2 delivery.
_____________ cyanosis: throughout body, dec arterial oxygenation
_____________ cyanosis: localized and d/t poor circulation Right
Answer - cyanosis
central
peripheral
_____________: chronic hypoxemia indicator, if you have pulmonary
_____________, can lead to chronic hypoxemia, and its thought that the
_____________ become dislodged within the fingertips and lead to the
release of platelet derived _____________ factors leading to remodeling
of finger tips. Right Answer - clubbing
fibrosis
platelets
growth
_____________ is a ventilation problem d/t a dec drive to breathe or dec
ability to ventilate. Right Answer - hypercapnia
, _____________ is low O2 levels in the arterial blood.
_____________ is a dec oxygenation in the tissues like d/t increasing
local metabolic demand, exceeding the supply provided by the
arteries. Right Answer - hypoxemia-low blood O2
hypoxia: low oxygen in the tissues
_____________/_____________ abnormalities: The body tries to be efficient
in terms of supplying well ventilated alveoli with high amounts of
_____________, so they can become _____________ and drop off
_____________, if the alveoli is less oxygenated or has a CO2 buildup, it
will have airway changes that facilitate ____ _____________ to that
alveolar group or ascini. Right Answer - ventilation/perfusion
blood
oxygenated and drop off Co2
inc ventilation
_____________ is the entire respiratory unit within the alveolus of
respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts that are the combination
of the unit. Right Answer - ascini
If the ascini start to have stale air, dec oxygen and inc Co2,
_____________ will not be sent there bc it won't be beneficial in the
oxygenation, dropping off Co2 process, so the local response right
before that capillary, will be to _____________ and prevent the blood to
that stale air alveolus, and will _____________ to another area.
Right Answer - blood
vasoconstrict
shunt
If there is a widespread lack of ventilation, and there is no place to
shunt the blood to that would get better ventilation or perfusion,
will get _____________ to _____________ shunting, leading to _____________
oxygenation and _____________ Co2 retention, and lead to _____________
