2
BIO 669 Understanding Patho: CVS - || || || || || ||
Quiz 4 with correct detailed solutions || || || || ||
The right heart is responsible for _________________ circulation. - Correct answer
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✔pulmonary circulation. Pumps blood through the lungs.
|| || || || || ||
The left heart is responsible for _________________ circulation. - Correct answer
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
✔systemic circulation. pumps blood through the body.
|| || || || || ||
Blood travels from the lungs to the left atrium through the: - Correct answer
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔pulmonary veins with oxygenated blood. || || || ||
Which ventricle is larger and why? - Correct answer ✔the left ventricle is much larger
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
than the right and creates a much higher pressure to drive the movement of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygenated blood throughout the body. || || || ||
Where is the highest pressure in the cardiac circuit?
|| || || || || || || ||
lowest? - Correct answer ✔highest = left ventricle.
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lowest = right atrium.
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The space between the lungs that contains the heart, major vessels and esophagus. -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Correct answer ✔mediastinum.
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,2
What are the three layers of the heart? - Correct answer ✔1. epicardium - outer layer,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
visceral layer of the pericardium.
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2. myocardium - composed of cardiac muscle, the myocytes allows for contractions.
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3. endocardium - inner lining, endothelial layer that lines the lumen.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
What does the endocardium allow for? - Correct answer ✔allows for efficient flow of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
blood through the heart and able to respond to changes in signal.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Also allows for increased membrane permeability when needed.
|| || || || || || ||
infection of the pericardium is:
|| || || ||
Sx? - Correct answer ✔pericarditis.
|| || || ||
pain, increased friction, discomfort.
|| || ||
Three components of the pericardium: - Correct answer ✔1. pericardial sac.
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2. pericardial cavity.
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3. pericardial fluid.
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Where is the pericardial fluid located?
|| || || || ||
,2
function? - Correct answer ✔this fluid is between the visceral (epicardium) and parietal
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pericardium.
it helps to decrease friction and damage.
|| || || || || ||
What does an increase in pericardial fluid cause?
|| || || || || || ||
What is the typical cause of this? - Correct answer ✔prevents adequate blood flow
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
through the heart. Does not allow for adequate contractions of the heart.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
usually occurs d/t bleeding in the pericardium -- can be life threatening if occurs
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
suddenly.
What is trabeculae carneae? - Correct answer ✔muscle struts that help give structure
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and support to the myocardium.
|| || || || ||
Papillary muscles arise from these to give support to the AV valves.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
|| || || || ||
number of cusps/flaps? - Correct answer ✔between the right atria and right ventricle.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
This is an AV valve.
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3.
Where is the mitral valve located?
|| || || || ||
, 2
number of cusps/flaps? - Correct answer ✔between the left atria and left ventricle. This
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
is the other AV valve.
|| || || ||
Looks like a bishops hat. 2 cusps/flaps.
|| || || || || ||
Where are the semilunar valves located?
|| || || || ||
name them. - Correct answer ✔between the ventricles and the major arteries.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
1. pulmonary semilunar valve - b/t right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
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2. aortic semilunar valve - b/t left ventricle and aorta.
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these can be prolapsed or stenosed, but typically not as likely as AV valves.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which types of valves have chordae tendineae?
|| || || || || ||
function? - Correct answer ✔The AV valves.
|| || || || || ||
These are attached to papillary muscles and support the valves. As the valve closes, the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
muscle contracts to support the valve and flaps to prevent blood from being pushed
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
back into the atrium. (like an umbrella).
|| || || || || ||
What happens if there is damage to the chordae tendineae? - Correct answer ✔prolapse
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
valve. Blood will begin to regurgitate.
|| || || || || ||
BIO 669 Understanding Patho: CVS - || || || || || ||
Quiz 4 with correct detailed solutions || || || || ||
The right heart is responsible for _________________ circulation. - Correct answer
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
✔pulmonary circulation. Pumps blood through the lungs.
|| || || || || ||
The left heart is responsible for _________________ circulation. - Correct answer
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
✔systemic circulation. pumps blood through the body.
|| || || || || ||
Blood travels from the lungs to the left atrium through the: - Correct answer
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔pulmonary veins with oxygenated blood. || || || ||
Which ventricle is larger and why? - Correct answer ✔the left ventricle is much larger
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
than the right and creates a much higher pressure to drive the movement of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
oxygenated blood throughout the body. || || || ||
Where is the highest pressure in the cardiac circuit?
|| || || || || || || ||
lowest? - Correct answer ✔highest = left ventricle.
|| || || || || || ||
lowest = right atrium.
|| || ||
The space between the lungs that contains the heart, major vessels and esophagus. -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Correct answer ✔mediastinum.
|| ||
,2
What are the three layers of the heart? - Correct answer ✔1. epicardium - outer layer,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
visceral layer of the pericardium.
|| || || ||
2. myocardium - composed of cardiac muscle, the myocytes allows for contractions.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
3. endocardium - inner lining, endothelial layer that lines the lumen.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
What does the endocardium allow for? - Correct answer ✔allows for efficient flow of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
blood through the heart and able to respond to changes in signal.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Also allows for increased membrane permeability when needed.
|| || || || || || ||
infection of the pericardium is:
|| || || ||
Sx? - Correct answer ✔pericarditis.
|| || || ||
pain, increased friction, discomfort.
|| || ||
Three components of the pericardium: - Correct answer ✔1. pericardial sac.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
2. pericardial cavity.
|| ||
3. pericardial fluid.
|| ||
Where is the pericardial fluid located?
|| || || || ||
,2
function? - Correct answer ✔this fluid is between the visceral (epicardium) and parietal
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pericardium.
it helps to decrease friction and damage.
|| || || || || ||
What does an increase in pericardial fluid cause?
|| || || || || || ||
What is the typical cause of this? - Correct answer ✔prevents adequate blood flow
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
through the heart. Does not allow for adequate contractions of the heart.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
usually occurs d/t bleeding in the pericardium -- can be life threatening if occurs
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
suddenly.
What is trabeculae carneae? - Correct answer ✔muscle struts that help give structure
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and support to the myocardium.
|| || || || ||
Papillary muscles arise from these to give support to the AV valves.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
|| || || || ||
number of cusps/flaps? - Correct answer ✔between the right atria and right ventricle.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
This is an AV valve.
|| || || || ||
3.
Where is the mitral valve located?
|| || || || ||
, 2
number of cusps/flaps? - Correct answer ✔between the left atria and left ventricle. This
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
is the other AV valve.
|| || || ||
Looks like a bishops hat. 2 cusps/flaps.
|| || || || || ||
Where are the semilunar valves located?
|| || || || ||
name them. - Correct answer ✔between the ventricles and the major arteries.
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
1. pulmonary semilunar valve - b/t right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
2. aortic semilunar valve - b/t left ventricle and aorta.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
these can be prolapsed or stenosed, but typically not as likely as AV valves.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which types of valves have chordae tendineae?
|| || || || || ||
function? - Correct answer ✔The AV valves.
|| || || || || ||
These are attached to papillary muscles and support the valves. As the valve closes, the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
muscle contracts to support the valve and flaps to prevent blood from being pushed
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
back into the atrium. (like an umbrella).
|| || || || || ||
What happens if there is damage to the chordae tendineae? - Correct answer ✔prolapse
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
valve. Blood will begin to regurgitate.
|| || || || || ||
