NR 224 Exam 1, NR 224 Exam 2, NR 226
Exam 1, NR 226 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified.
Critical Thinking - ANS--Continuous process characterized by open-mindedness, continual
inquiry, and perseverance
-Recognizing that an issue exists, analyzing information, evaluating information, and making
conclusions using a systematic approach
Deductive reasoning - ANS-Critical thinking
Critical thinking skills - ANS-Interpretation
Analysis
Inference
Evaluation
Explanation
Self-regulation
Aspects of critical thinking - ANS-Reflection
Language
Intuition
Reflection - ANS-Review what you did and ways to improve
-Did you follow standards/policies?
Language - ANS-Always communicate clearly to the client and staff
Intuition - ANS-Develop a "gut feeling" based on your experience and knowledge
-Realize what you do not know and then find out
Levels of critical thinking - ANS-Commitment (level 3)
Complex (level 2)
Basic (level 1)
,Basic Critical Thinking - ANS-Task oriented
Trust experts have the right answer
Thinking based on set of rules/principles
Basic Critical thinking restrictions - ANS-Inexperience
Weak competencies
Inflexible attitudes
Complex critical thinking - ANS-Analyze clinical situation and examine choices more
independently
Thinking is more creative/innovative
Commitment - ANS-Anticipate when to make choices without assistance from others
Accept accountability for decisions made
Components of critical thinking - ANS-Knowledge base
Experience
Competence
Attitudes
Standards
Assessment - ANS-What you see, hear, feel, touch, and smell
Diagnosis - ANS-NANDA
Planning - ANS-Set goals
Implementation - ANS-Actively doing something
Evaluation - ANS-Did you and your client meet your goals?
Infection - ANS-Invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or micoorganisms, resulting in
disease
Colonization - ANS-occurs when a microorganism invades the host but does not cause
infection
Communicable disease - ANS-Infectious disease transmitted from one person to another
Symptomatic infection - ANS-Pathogens multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms
Asymptomatic infection - ANS-Clinical signs and symptoms are not present
,Hand hygiene - ANS-Most important technique to use in preventing and controlling
transmission of infection
Chain of infection - ANS-Infectious agent or pathogen
Reservoir or source for pathogen
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
Modes of transmission - ANS-Direct
Indirect
Droplet
Airborne
Vehicles
Vector
Direct contact - ANS-Person to person
Person to source
Indirect contact - ANS-Person to inanimate object
Droplet - ANS-Coughing, sneezing, talking (lg particle only 3ft)
Airborne - ANS-Droplet nuclei or residue suspended in air carried on dust particles
Vehicles - ANS-Food, water, drugs, and solutions, blood, fomites
Vector - ANS-External transfer
Internal transmission (parasitic)
Mosquito, louse, flea, tick
CDC isolation categories - ANS-Contact
Droplet
Airborne
Protective
Immunocompromised - ANS-Impaired immune system
Virulence - ANS-Ability to produce disease
Aerobic bacteria - ANS-Require oxygen for survival and for multiplication sufficient to cause
disease
, Anaerobic bacteria - ANS-Thrive where little or no free oxygen is available
Bacteriostasis - ANS-Prevention of growth and reproduction of bacteria
Bactericidal - ANS-Destructive to bacteria
Four stages of infectious process - ANS-Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Illness stage
Convalescence
Defenses against infection - ANS-Normal flora
Body defense mechanisms
Inflammation
Vascular and cellular responses
Inflammatory exudate
Tissue repair
Normal flora - ANS-Microorganisms
Helps to resist infection by releasing antibacterial substances and inhibiting multiplication of
pathogenic microorganisms
Factors influencing infection prevention and control - ANS-Age
Nutritional status
Stress
Disease process
Treatments or conditions that compromise the immune response
Nosocomial infection - ANS-Health care-associated infection
Risk factors for HAIs - ANS-Multiple illnesses
Older adults
Poorly nourished
Lowered resistance to infection
Critical illness
Invasive treatment devices
Major sites for HAI infection - ANS-Surgical traumatic wounds
Urinary and respiratory tracts
Bloodstream
Medical Asepsis - ANS-Controlling pathogen
Hand hygiene
"Clean procedure"
Exam 1, NR 226 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified.
Critical Thinking - ANS--Continuous process characterized by open-mindedness, continual
inquiry, and perseverance
-Recognizing that an issue exists, analyzing information, evaluating information, and making
conclusions using a systematic approach
Deductive reasoning - ANS-Critical thinking
Critical thinking skills - ANS-Interpretation
Analysis
Inference
Evaluation
Explanation
Self-regulation
Aspects of critical thinking - ANS-Reflection
Language
Intuition
Reflection - ANS-Review what you did and ways to improve
-Did you follow standards/policies?
Language - ANS-Always communicate clearly to the client and staff
Intuition - ANS-Develop a "gut feeling" based on your experience and knowledge
-Realize what you do not know and then find out
Levels of critical thinking - ANS-Commitment (level 3)
Complex (level 2)
Basic (level 1)
,Basic Critical Thinking - ANS-Task oriented
Trust experts have the right answer
Thinking based on set of rules/principles
Basic Critical thinking restrictions - ANS-Inexperience
Weak competencies
Inflexible attitudes
Complex critical thinking - ANS-Analyze clinical situation and examine choices more
independently
Thinking is more creative/innovative
Commitment - ANS-Anticipate when to make choices without assistance from others
Accept accountability for decisions made
Components of critical thinking - ANS-Knowledge base
Experience
Competence
Attitudes
Standards
Assessment - ANS-What you see, hear, feel, touch, and smell
Diagnosis - ANS-NANDA
Planning - ANS-Set goals
Implementation - ANS-Actively doing something
Evaluation - ANS-Did you and your client meet your goals?
Infection - ANS-Invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or micoorganisms, resulting in
disease
Colonization - ANS-occurs when a microorganism invades the host but does not cause
infection
Communicable disease - ANS-Infectious disease transmitted from one person to another
Symptomatic infection - ANS-Pathogens multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms
Asymptomatic infection - ANS-Clinical signs and symptoms are not present
,Hand hygiene - ANS-Most important technique to use in preventing and controlling
transmission of infection
Chain of infection - ANS-Infectious agent or pathogen
Reservoir or source for pathogen
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
Modes of transmission - ANS-Direct
Indirect
Droplet
Airborne
Vehicles
Vector
Direct contact - ANS-Person to person
Person to source
Indirect contact - ANS-Person to inanimate object
Droplet - ANS-Coughing, sneezing, talking (lg particle only 3ft)
Airborne - ANS-Droplet nuclei or residue suspended in air carried on dust particles
Vehicles - ANS-Food, water, drugs, and solutions, blood, fomites
Vector - ANS-External transfer
Internal transmission (parasitic)
Mosquito, louse, flea, tick
CDC isolation categories - ANS-Contact
Droplet
Airborne
Protective
Immunocompromised - ANS-Impaired immune system
Virulence - ANS-Ability to produce disease
Aerobic bacteria - ANS-Require oxygen for survival and for multiplication sufficient to cause
disease
, Anaerobic bacteria - ANS-Thrive where little or no free oxygen is available
Bacteriostasis - ANS-Prevention of growth and reproduction of bacteria
Bactericidal - ANS-Destructive to bacteria
Four stages of infectious process - ANS-Incubation period
Prodromal stage
Illness stage
Convalescence
Defenses against infection - ANS-Normal flora
Body defense mechanisms
Inflammation
Vascular and cellular responses
Inflammatory exudate
Tissue repair
Normal flora - ANS-Microorganisms
Helps to resist infection by releasing antibacterial substances and inhibiting multiplication of
pathogenic microorganisms
Factors influencing infection prevention and control - ANS-Age
Nutritional status
Stress
Disease process
Treatments or conditions that compromise the immune response
Nosocomial infection - ANS-Health care-associated infection
Risk factors for HAIs - ANS-Multiple illnesses
Older adults
Poorly nourished
Lowered resistance to infection
Critical illness
Invasive treatment devices
Major sites for HAI infection - ANS-Surgical traumatic wounds
Urinary and respiratory tracts
Bloodstream
Medical Asepsis - ANS-Controlling pathogen
Hand hygiene
"Clean procedure"
