autotroph - Correct Answer an organism that makes its own food from inorganic ingredients, thereby
sustaining life w/o eating other organisms or their molecules
heterotroph - Correct Answer an organism that cannot make its own organic food molecules from
inorganic ingredients & must obtain them by consuming other organisms or their products
producer - Correct Answer an organism that makes organic food molecules from CO2, H2O, & other
inorganic raw materials
consumer - Correct Answer an organisms that obtains its food by eating plants or animals that have
eaten plants
aerobic - Correct Answer containing or requiring molecular oxygen (O2)
glycolysis - Correct Answer the chemical breakdown of a molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of
pyruvic acid that occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid; the first stage of cellular respiration
electron transport - Correct Answer a reaction in which 1+ electrons are transferred to carrier
molecules; the third stage of cellular respiration
electron transport chain - Correct Answer a series of electron carrier molecules that shuttle electrons
during chemical reaction; can release energy stored in high-energy molecules like glucose
ATP synthase - Correct Answer a protein cluster found in a cellular membrane that uses the energy of a
hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make ATP from ADP; provides a port through which hydrogen
ions diffuse
anaerobic - Correct Answer lacking or not requiring molecular oxygen (O2)
, fermentation - Correct Answer the anaerobic harvest of energy from food by some cells; produces
products like ethanol & lactic acid
cell theory - Correct Answer the theory that all living things are composed of cells & all cells come from
earlier cells
domain - Correct Answer the category above the kingdom level; includes archaea, bacteria, & eukarya
prokaryotic cell - Correct Answer a type of cell lacking a nucleus & other membrane-bound organelles
eukaryotic cell - Correct Answer a type of cell w/ a membrane-enclosed nucleus & other membrane-
bound organelles
plasma membrane - Correct Answer the thin double layer of lipids & proteins that sets a cell apart from
it's surroundings & acts as a selective barrier
cytosol - Correct Answer the fluid part of cytoplasm in which organelles are suspended
chromosome - Correct Answer a threadlike structure made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
ribosome - Correct Answer a cellular structure that functions as the site of protein synthesis
organelle - Correct Answer a membrane-bound structure w/ a specialized function in eukaryotic cells
nucleus - Correct Answer the genetic control center of a eukaryotic cell surrounded by a double
membrane
nucleoid - Correct Answer a non-membrane-enclosed region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is
concentrated
sustaining life w/o eating other organisms or their molecules
heterotroph - Correct Answer an organism that cannot make its own organic food molecules from
inorganic ingredients & must obtain them by consuming other organisms or their products
producer - Correct Answer an organism that makes organic food molecules from CO2, H2O, & other
inorganic raw materials
consumer - Correct Answer an organisms that obtains its food by eating plants or animals that have
eaten plants
aerobic - Correct Answer containing or requiring molecular oxygen (O2)
glycolysis - Correct Answer the chemical breakdown of a molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of
pyruvic acid that occurs in the cytoplasmic fluid; the first stage of cellular respiration
electron transport - Correct Answer a reaction in which 1+ electrons are transferred to carrier
molecules; the third stage of cellular respiration
electron transport chain - Correct Answer a series of electron carrier molecules that shuttle electrons
during chemical reaction; can release energy stored in high-energy molecules like glucose
ATP synthase - Correct Answer a protein cluster found in a cellular membrane that uses the energy of a
hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make ATP from ADP; provides a port through which hydrogen
ions diffuse
anaerobic - Correct Answer lacking or not requiring molecular oxygen (O2)
, fermentation - Correct Answer the anaerobic harvest of energy from food by some cells; produces
products like ethanol & lactic acid
cell theory - Correct Answer the theory that all living things are composed of cells & all cells come from
earlier cells
domain - Correct Answer the category above the kingdom level; includes archaea, bacteria, & eukarya
prokaryotic cell - Correct Answer a type of cell lacking a nucleus & other membrane-bound organelles
eukaryotic cell - Correct Answer a type of cell w/ a membrane-enclosed nucleus & other membrane-
bound organelles
plasma membrane - Correct Answer the thin double layer of lipids & proteins that sets a cell apart from
it's surroundings & acts as a selective barrier
cytosol - Correct Answer the fluid part of cytoplasm in which organelles are suspended
chromosome - Correct Answer a threadlike structure made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
ribosome - Correct Answer a cellular structure that functions as the site of protein synthesis
organelle - Correct Answer a membrane-bound structure w/ a specialized function in eukaryotic cells
nucleus - Correct Answer the genetic control center of a eukaryotic cell surrounded by a double
membrane
nucleoid - Correct Answer a non-membrane-enclosed region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is
concentrated
