Bio 100 Marci Adams BYU Exam 1 || 100% accurate
answers.
Scientific Theory correct answers An explanation of natural phenomena developed through
extensive and reproducible observations; more general and reliable than hypothesis
Hypothesis correct answers a proposed explanation for a phenomenon based on available
evidence that leads to a prediction that can be tested
Inductive Reasoning correct answers how scientific theories arise. It's when you make a broad
generalization based on many supporting observations, not based on things that contradict it.
Deductive Reasoning correct answers General --> Specific. used after a scientific theory is made.
You take a generalization and then generate a hypothesis to say how an experiment will turn out,
based on a previously existing theory.
Deductive reasoning example correct answers it's where you conclude specific observations are
true based on supported broad generalization. Like based on cell theory, if you find a new thing
that has characteristics of life, you can conclude it's made of cells.
Inductive Reasoning example correct answers Specific --> General
makes broad generalizations from specific observations. "the neighbors dog just barked.
all dogs can bark"
Covalent Bond correct answers strongest, most common, electrically neutral, shares electrons
(oxygen to hydrogen in H2O)
Ionic bond correct answers loss or gain of electron from ions to form a stable compound (NaCl)
,Hydrogen Bond correct answers weak, slightly polar and therefore attractive to other slightly
polar molecules (H2O molecules sticking to other H2O molecules)
- Happens with compounds with F, O, N
Cohesion correct answers water molecules stick together because of the hydrogen bonds
Adhesion correct answers sticky to slightly charged surfaces
Allows plants/trees to deliver water hundreds of feet against gravity
Allows water in plasma to be returned to heart from your big toe
Hydrophobic correct answers "water fearing"; parts of membranes
Hydrophilic correct answers "water loving"
Molecules that are attracted to water
Many biological compounds
Parts of membranes
Frostbite correct answers freezing of water inside cells and the ice crystals puncture membrane
Cell death
Leads to tissue death
Big Four correct answers Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, Nucleic Acids (DNA)
Dehydration synthesis correct answers Organic molecules joined by removing water
Hydrolysis correct answers Organic molecules broken by adding water
, Monosaccharide correct answers (Carb Big four) one sugar molecule
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Ribose
Polysaccharide correct answers (Carb big four) many sugar molecules bonded together
Starch in plants
Glycogen in animals
Cellulose in plant structure; non-digestible in humans (fiber)
Chitin in exoskeleton of arthropods
Phospholipids correct answers hydrophobic "tails" and hydrophilic "heads" = cell membranes
Lipids correct answers Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
hydrophobic; insoluble in water
store energy, waxy coverings, membranes
Fats: more energy storage than sugars, but weigh less
Long chains of carbons!!
Lipid examples correct answers saturated, unsaturated, phospholipids, cholesterol, steroids,
hormones
Protein correct answers carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
amino acid is the building block:
only 20 naturally occurring
denaturation: chemically or thermally breaking bonds
answers.
Scientific Theory correct answers An explanation of natural phenomena developed through
extensive and reproducible observations; more general and reliable than hypothesis
Hypothesis correct answers a proposed explanation for a phenomenon based on available
evidence that leads to a prediction that can be tested
Inductive Reasoning correct answers how scientific theories arise. It's when you make a broad
generalization based on many supporting observations, not based on things that contradict it.
Deductive Reasoning correct answers General --> Specific. used after a scientific theory is made.
You take a generalization and then generate a hypothesis to say how an experiment will turn out,
based on a previously existing theory.
Deductive reasoning example correct answers it's where you conclude specific observations are
true based on supported broad generalization. Like based on cell theory, if you find a new thing
that has characteristics of life, you can conclude it's made of cells.
Inductive Reasoning example correct answers Specific --> General
makes broad generalizations from specific observations. "the neighbors dog just barked.
all dogs can bark"
Covalent Bond correct answers strongest, most common, electrically neutral, shares electrons
(oxygen to hydrogen in H2O)
Ionic bond correct answers loss or gain of electron from ions to form a stable compound (NaCl)
,Hydrogen Bond correct answers weak, slightly polar and therefore attractive to other slightly
polar molecules (H2O molecules sticking to other H2O molecules)
- Happens with compounds with F, O, N
Cohesion correct answers water molecules stick together because of the hydrogen bonds
Adhesion correct answers sticky to slightly charged surfaces
Allows plants/trees to deliver water hundreds of feet against gravity
Allows water in plasma to be returned to heart from your big toe
Hydrophobic correct answers "water fearing"; parts of membranes
Hydrophilic correct answers "water loving"
Molecules that are attracted to water
Many biological compounds
Parts of membranes
Frostbite correct answers freezing of water inside cells and the ice crystals puncture membrane
Cell death
Leads to tissue death
Big Four correct answers Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, Nucleic Acids (DNA)
Dehydration synthesis correct answers Organic molecules joined by removing water
Hydrolysis correct answers Organic molecules broken by adding water
, Monosaccharide correct answers (Carb Big four) one sugar molecule
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Ribose
Polysaccharide correct answers (Carb big four) many sugar molecules bonded together
Starch in plants
Glycogen in animals
Cellulose in plant structure; non-digestible in humans (fiber)
Chitin in exoskeleton of arthropods
Phospholipids correct answers hydrophobic "tails" and hydrophilic "heads" = cell membranes
Lipids correct answers Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
hydrophobic; insoluble in water
store energy, waxy coverings, membranes
Fats: more energy storage than sugars, but weigh less
Long chains of carbons!!
Lipid examples correct answers saturated, unsaturated, phospholipids, cholesterol, steroids,
hormones
Protein correct answers carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
amino acid is the building block:
only 20 naturally occurring
denaturation: chemically or thermally breaking bonds
