Cardiac NCLEX Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved| Latest Update Graded A+
A nurse is preparing to provide care for a patient whose exacerbation of ulcerative colitis has
required hospital admission. During an exacerbation of this health problem, the nurse would
anticipate that the patient's stools will have what characteristics?
A. Hard and black or tarry
B. Dry and streaked with blood
C. Loose with visible fatty streaks
D. Watery with blood and mucus D. Watery with blood and mucus
The predominant symptoms of ulcerative colitis are diarrhea and abdominal pain. Stools may
be bloody and contain mucus. Stools are not hard, dry, tarry, black or fatty in patients who have
ulcerative colitis.
An adult patient is scheduled for an upper GI series that will use a barium swallow. What
teaching should the nurse include when the patient has completed the test?
A. Stool will be yellow for the first 24 hours postprocedure.
B. Slight anal bleeding may be noted as the barium is passed.
C. The barium may cause diarrhea for the next 24 hours.
D. Fluids must be increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool. D. Fluids must be
increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool.
Postprocedural patient education includes information about increasing fluid intake; evaluating
bowel movements for evacuation of barium; and noting increased number of bowel
movements, because barium, due to its high osmolarity, may draw fluid into the bowel, thus
increasing the intraluminal contents and resulting in greater output. Yellow stool, diarrhea, and
anal bleeding are not expected.
,A 35-year-old male patient presents at the emergency department with symptoms of a small
bowel obstruction. In collaboration with the primary care provider, what intervention should
the nurse prioritize?
A. Insertion of a central venous catheter
B. Insertion of a nasogastric tube
C. Administration of a mineral oil enema
D. Administration of a glycerin suppository and an oral laxative B. Insertion of a nasogastric
tube
Decompression of the bowel through a nasogastric tube is necessary for all patients with small
bowel obstruction. Peripheral IV access is normally sufficient. Enemas, suppositories, and
laxatives are not indicated if an obstruction is present.
The nurse's comprehensive assessment of a patient includes inspection for signs of oral cancer.
What assessment finding is most characteristic of oral cancer in its early stages?
A. Areas of tenderness that make chewing difficult
B. Diffuse inflammation of the buccal mucosa
C. Dull pain radiating to the ears and teeth
D. Presence of a painless sore with raised edges D. Presence of a painless sore with raised
edges
Malignant lesions of the oral cavity are most often painless lumps or sores with raised borders.
Because they do not bother the patient, delay in seeking treatment occurs frequently, and
negatively affects prognosis. Dull pain radiating to the ears and teeth is characteristic of
malocclusion. Inflammation of the buccal mucosa causes discomfort and often occurs as a side
effect of chemotherapy. Tenderness resulting in pain on chewing may be associated with
gingivitis, abscess, irritation from dentures, and other causes. Pain related to oral cancer is a
late symptom.
,The nurse is providing health education to a patient scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse
should explain that she will be placed in what position during this diagnostic test?
A. In a prone position with two pillows elevating the buttocks
B. Lying prone with legs drawn toward the chest
C. In a knee-chest position (lithotomy position)
D. Lying on the left side with legs drawn toward the chest D. Lying on the left side with legs
drawn toward the chest
For best visualization, colonoscopy is performed while the patient is lying on the left side with
the legs drawn up toward the chest. A knee-chest position, lying on the stomach with legs
drawn to the chest, and a prone position with two pillows elevating the legs do not allow for
the best visualization.
An older adult woman's current medication regimen includes alendronate (Fosamax). What
outcome would indicate successful therapy?
A. Relief of bone pain
B. Resolution of infection
C. Increased bone mass
D. Absence of tumor spread C. Increased bone mass
Bisphosphonates such as Fosamax increase bone mass and decrease bone loss by inhibiting
osteoclast function. These drugs do not treat infection, pain, or tumors.
A patient tells the nurse that he has pain and numbness to his thumb, first finger, and second
finger of the right hand. The nurse discovers that the patient is employed as an auto mechanic,
, and that the pain is increased while working. This may indicate that the patient could possibly
have what health problem?
A. Carpel tunnel syndrome
B. Dupuytren's contracture
C. Tendonitis
D. Impingement syndrome A. Carpel tunnel syndrome
Carpel tunnel syndrome may be manifested by numbness, pain, paresthesia, and weakness
along the median nerve. Tendonitis is inflammation of muscle tendons. Impingement syndrome
is a general term that describes all lesions that involve the rotator cuff of the shoulder.
Dupuytren's contracture is a slowly progressive contracture of the palmar fascia.
The nurse is monitoring a female client for the early signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome.
Which of the following indicate this occurrence?
A. Abdominal cramping and pain
B. Bradycardia and indigestion
C. Double vision and chest pain
D. Sweating and pallor D. Sweating and pallor
A school nurse is assessing a student who was kicked in the shin during a soccer game. The area
of the injury has become swollen and discolored. The triage nurse recognizes that the patient
has likely sustained what?
A. Contusion
B. Sprain
C. Dislocation
A nurse is preparing to provide care for a patient whose exacerbation of ulcerative colitis has
required hospital admission. During an exacerbation of this health problem, the nurse would
anticipate that the patient's stools will have what characteristics?
A. Hard and black or tarry
B. Dry and streaked with blood
C. Loose with visible fatty streaks
D. Watery with blood and mucus D. Watery with blood and mucus
The predominant symptoms of ulcerative colitis are diarrhea and abdominal pain. Stools may
be bloody and contain mucus. Stools are not hard, dry, tarry, black or fatty in patients who have
ulcerative colitis.
An adult patient is scheduled for an upper GI series that will use a barium swallow. What
teaching should the nurse include when the patient has completed the test?
A. Stool will be yellow for the first 24 hours postprocedure.
B. Slight anal bleeding may be noted as the barium is passed.
C. The barium may cause diarrhea for the next 24 hours.
D. Fluids must be increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool. D. Fluids must be
increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool.
Postprocedural patient education includes information about increasing fluid intake; evaluating
bowel movements for evacuation of barium; and noting increased number of bowel
movements, because barium, due to its high osmolarity, may draw fluid into the bowel, thus
increasing the intraluminal contents and resulting in greater output. Yellow stool, diarrhea, and
anal bleeding are not expected.
,A 35-year-old male patient presents at the emergency department with symptoms of a small
bowel obstruction. In collaboration with the primary care provider, what intervention should
the nurse prioritize?
A. Insertion of a central venous catheter
B. Insertion of a nasogastric tube
C. Administration of a mineral oil enema
D. Administration of a glycerin suppository and an oral laxative B. Insertion of a nasogastric
tube
Decompression of the bowel through a nasogastric tube is necessary for all patients with small
bowel obstruction. Peripheral IV access is normally sufficient. Enemas, suppositories, and
laxatives are not indicated if an obstruction is present.
The nurse's comprehensive assessment of a patient includes inspection for signs of oral cancer.
What assessment finding is most characteristic of oral cancer in its early stages?
A. Areas of tenderness that make chewing difficult
B. Diffuse inflammation of the buccal mucosa
C. Dull pain radiating to the ears and teeth
D. Presence of a painless sore with raised edges D. Presence of a painless sore with raised
edges
Malignant lesions of the oral cavity are most often painless lumps or sores with raised borders.
Because they do not bother the patient, delay in seeking treatment occurs frequently, and
negatively affects prognosis. Dull pain radiating to the ears and teeth is characteristic of
malocclusion. Inflammation of the buccal mucosa causes discomfort and often occurs as a side
effect of chemotherapy. Tenderness resulting in pain on chewing may be associated with
gingivitis, abscess, irritation from dentures, and other causes. Pain related to oral cancer is a
late symptom.
,The nurse is providing health education to a patient scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse
should explain that she will be placed in what position during this diagnostic test?
A. In a prone position with two pillows elevating the buttocks
B. Lying prone with legs drawn toward the chest
C. In a knee-chest position (lithotomy position)
D. Lying on the left side with legs drawn toward the chest D. Lying on the left side with legs
drawn toward the chest
For best visualization, colonoscopy is performed while the patient is lying on the left side with
the legs drawn up toward the chest. A knee-chest position, lying on the stomach with legs
drawn to the chest, and a prone position with two pillows elevating the legs do not allow for
the best visualization.
An older adult woman's current medication regimen includes alendronate (Fosamax). What
outcome would indicate successful therapy?
A. Relief of bone pain
B. Resolution of infection
C. Increased bone mass
D. Absence of tumor spread C. Increased bone mass
Bisphosphonates such as Fosamax increase bone mass and decrease bone loss by inhibiting
osteoclast function. These drugs do not treat infection, pain, or tumors.
A patient tells the nurse that he has pain and numbness to his thumb, first finger, and second
finger of the right hand. The nurse discovers that the patient is employed as an auto mechanic,
, and that the pain is increased while working. This may indicate that the patient could possibly
have what health problem?
A. Carpel tunnel syndrome
B. Dupuytren's contracture
C. Tendonitis
D. Impingement syndrome A. Carpel tunnel syndrome
Carpel tunnel syndrome may be manifested by numbness, pain, paresthesia, and weakness
along the median nerve. Tendonitis is inflammation of muscle tendons. Impingement syndrome
is a general term that describes all lesions that involve the rotator cuff of the shoulder.
Dupuytren's contracture is a slowly progressive contracture of the palmar fascia.
The nurse is monitoring a female client for the early signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome.
Which of the following indicate this occurrence?
A. Abdominal cramping and pain
B. Bradycardia and indigestion
C. Double vision and chest pain
D. Sweating and pallor D. Sweating and pallor
A school nurse is assessing a student who was kicked in the shin during a soccer game. The area
of the injury has become swollen and discolored. The triage nurse recognizes that the patient
has likely sustained what?
A. Contusion
B. Sprain
C. Dislocation
