1
BIOS 242 Microbiology Midterm Exam with 100%
Correct Answers.
Parasite - ...(ANSWERS)....An organism that feeds on a living host
Pasteur - ...(ANSWERS)....disproved spontaneous generation
How did Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation? - ...(ANSWERS)....1.
Disproved that heating destroys life-generating substances; he heated a
substance, showed nothing grew with a cork stuck in, but when cork was
removed, microorganisms grew
2. Showed that spontaneous generation doesn't occur even with oxygen; in 2
flasks with oxygens that were identical, the one in which microbes go in had
microbes; the other one with a swan neck, so that dust settled at the bottom of
the curve, didn't have microbes growing inside the flask
3. He proved that spontaneous generation doesn't occur, but organisms were
found in air
Major groups of microorganisms - ...(ANSWERS)....Bacteria, Algae, Protozoa,
Helminths, Fungi, Viruses: noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements
Viruses - ...(ANSWERS)....noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements
that cause harm to host cells
, 2
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - ...(ANSWERS)....- "father of
microbiology"
- made a crude microscope to examine threads in fabric
- made drawings of what he called "animalcules" in rainwater and scraped from
his teeth
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) - ...(ANSWERS)....- invented pasteurization
- showed that human diseases could arise from infection
What are cell (plasma) membranes made of? - ...(ANSWERS)....phospholipids and
proteins
mRNA - ...(ANSWERS)....- copy of a gene
- transport the DNA master to the ribosome
tRNA - ...(ANSWERS)....- carrier that transports the correct amino acids to the
ribosome
- brings amino acids to ribosomes during translation
rRNA - ...(ANSWERS)....- major component of ribosomes
- forms the major parts of the ribosome and helps with protein synthesis
The Five I's of culturing - ...(ANSWERS)....Inoculation
, 3
Incubation
Isolation
Inspection
Identification
Inoculation - ...(ANSWERS)....The introduction of a pathogen or antigen into a
living organism to stimulate the production of antibodies.
Incubation - ...(ANSWERS)....maintaining something at the most favorable
temperature for its development
Isolation - ...(ANSWERS)....Separate colonies on solid media, or turbidity in
broths. Subculturing involves taking a bit of growth from an isolated colony and
inoculating a separate medium.
Inspection - ...(ANSWERS)....The colonies or broth cultures are observed
macroscopically for growth characteristics that could be useful in analyzing the
specimen contents. Slides are made to assess microscopic details such as cell
shape, size, and motility. Staining techniques may be used to gather specific
information on microscopic morphology.
Identification - ...(ANSWERS)....determining and recording traits of organisms for
placement into taxonomic schemes. Tests to determine metabolic activities
specific to the microbe, immunologic tests, and genetic analysis.
BIOS 242 Microbiology Midterm Exam with 100%
Correct Answers.
Parasite - ...(ANSWERS)....An organism that feeds on a living host
Pasteur - ...(ANSWERS)....disproved spontaneous generation
How did Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation? - ...(ANSWERS)....1.
Disproved that heating destroys life-generating substances; he heated a
substance, showed nothing grew with a cork stuck in, but when cork was
removed, microorganisms grew
2. Showed that spontaneous generation doesn't occur even with oxygen; in 2
flasks with oxygens that were identical, the one in which microbes go in had
microbes; the other one with a swan neck, so that dust settled at the bottom of
the curve, didn't have microbes growing inside the flask
3. He proved that spontaneous generation doesn't occur, but organisms were
found in air
Major groups of microorganisms - ...(ANSWERS)....Bacteria, Algae, Protozoa,
Helminths, Fungi, Viruses: noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements
Viruses - ...(ANSWERS)....noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements
that cause harm to host cells
, 2
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - ...(ANSWERS)....- "father of
microbiology"
- made a crude microscope to examine threads in fabric
- made drawings of what he called "animalcules" in rainwater and scraped from
his teeth
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) - ...(ANSWERS)....- invented pasteurization
- showed that human diseases could arise from infection
What are cell (plasma) membranes made of? - ...(ANSWERS)....phospholipids and
proteins
mRNA - ...(ANSWERS)....- copy of a gene
- transport the DNA master to the ribosome
tRNA - ...(ANSWERS)....- carrier that transports the correct amino acids to the
ribosome
- brings amino acids to ribosomes during translation
rRNA - ...(ANSWERS)....- major component of ribosomes
- forms the major parts of the ribosome and helps with protein synthesis
The Five I's of culturing - ...(ANSWERS)....Inoculation
, 3
Incubation
Isolation
Inspection
Identification
Inoculation - ...(ANSWERS)....The introduction of a pathogen or antigen into a
living organism to stimulate the production of antibodies.
Incubation - ...(ANSWERS)....maintaining something at the most favorable
temperature for its development
Isolation - ...(ANSWERS)....Separate colonies on solid media, or turbidity in
broths. Subculturing involves taking a bit of growth from an isolated colony and
inoculating a separate medium.
Inspection - ...(ANSWERS)....The colonies or broth cultures are observed
macroscopically for growth characteristics that could be useful in analyzing the
specimen contents. Slides are made to assess microscopic details such as cell
shape, size, and motility. Staining techniques may be used to gather specific
information on microscopic morphology.
Identification - ...(ANSWERS)....determining and recording traits of organisms for
placement into taxonomic schemes. Tests to determine metabolic activities
specific to the microbe, immunologic tests, and genetic analysis.
