WILDLAND fire behavior chapter 4 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | 2025
The weather related factors that influence fire behavior are - ☑️☑️Temperature, relative
humidity, atmospheric stability, wind speed and direction, and precipitation
The Topographic factors that contribute to fire behavior are - ☑️☑️Elevation, position on
the slope, aspect, shape of the terrain, most important is steepness of slope
The fuel components that affect fire behavior are - ☑️☑️Feel loading, size and shape of
the fuel, compactness, horizontal and vertical continuity,chemical content, fuel moisture,
Fuel temperature
Fuel moisture and temperature - ☑️☑️The most important fuel components
Spotting occurs when - ☑️☑️Burning material is carried ahead of the fire and deposited
and unburned material.
What four ways can spotting occur - ☑️☑️Popping, convection, winds, gravity.
Convective heating is the biggest problem dropping some distance
Wind and convection are a problem. In the northern hemisphere what happens - ☑️☑️In
the northern hemisphere there is normally a counterclockwise movement of air as it
rises. This means that there will be a higher percentage of spot fires on the left side of
the fires head
Creeping - ☑️☑️Fire burning was low flame and spreading slowly
Running - ☑️☑️Fire spreading rapidly with a well-defined head
Backing - ☑️☑️Fire moving away from the head down hill or against the wind
Torching - ☑️☑️Fire burning on the surface, but periodically igniting the crown of a single
or small group of trees or shrubs before returning to the surface. Not as serious as a
crown fire
Spotting - ☑️☑️Sparks or embers produced by the main fire and carried by when our
conviction columns across the control line
Crowning - ☑️☑️Fire that advances across tops of trees or shrubs more or less
independent of surface fire. High fire intensity and high for rate of speed
, Blowup - ☑️☑️Sudden increase in fire intensity our rate of speed significant to preclude
direct control or to upset existing suppression plans.
Smoldering - ☑️☑️Fire burning without flame and spreading very slowly
Fire intensity is affected by what four factors - ☑️☑️Feel loading, compactness our
arrangement of fuels, fuel moisture content, slope and wind speed
What six factors influence the fire rate of spread and burn pattern - ☑️☑️Fire intensity,
wind speed, slope, feel type changes, natural or man-made barriers that stop or slow
spread, and spotting
The vertical dimension should be considered when - ☑️☑️When I fire develops and size
or intensity
Three factors that control the development of the vertical dimension are - ☑️☑️Fire
intensity, stability of the air, and wind aloft ( strong upper-level wind tend to limit the
vertical development of a fire)
A vertical fire with the fire intensity being hot what happens - ☑️☑️As the hot air rises
cooler air from the surrounding areas will be drawn inward toward the fire to fill the void.
These in drafts can actually found the fire increasing the intensity even more. Which in
turn can cause it's own environment i.e. thunderclouds with lightning and strong winds.
What three factors influence direction of fire - ☑️☑️Wind, slope, condition of fuel
Flame length less than 4 feet means what - ☑️☑️Fires can't be attacked at the head or
flanks using hand tools Handlines should hold fire
Flames of 4 to 8 feet mean what - ☑️☑️Fire too intense . The use of bulldozers, engines
and retardant drops can be used
Flames of 8 to 11 feet mean what - ☑️☑️Torching, crowning and spotting major fire runs.
Control efforts at the head will probably be ineffective
Flames Over 11 feet mean - ☑️☑️Crowning, spotting and major fire runs are probable,
Control at head ineffective
What are the seven factors that constitute the fire environment - ☑️☑️Fuel
characteristics, fuel moisture, fuel temperature, topography, atmospheric stability, wind,
fire behavior.
Fine fuels are usually the carrier of what - ☑️☑️Fire, even in timber
The weather related factors that influence fire behavior are - ☑️☑️Temperature, relative
humidity, atmospheric stability, wind speed and direction, and precipitation
The Topographic factors that contribute to fire behavior are - ☑️☑️Elevation, position on
the slope, aspect, shape of the terrain, most important is steepness of slope
The fuel components that affect fire behavior are - ☑️☑️Feel loading, size and shape of
the fuel, compactness, horizontal and vertical continuity,chemical content, fuel moisture,
Fuel temperature
Fuel moisture and temperature - ☑️☑️The most important fuel components
Spotting occurs when - ☑️☑️Burning material is carried ahead of the fire and deposited
and unburned material.
What four ways can spotting occur - ☑️☑️Popping, convection, winds, gravity.
Convective heating is the biggest problem dropping some distance
Wind and convection are a problem. In the northern hemisphere what happens - ☑️☑️In
the northern hemisphere there is normally a counterclockwise movement of air as it
rises. This means that there will be a higher percentage of spot fires on the left side of
the fires head
Creeping - ☑️☑️Fire burning was low flame and spreading slowly
Running - ☑️☑️Fire spreading rapidly with a well-defined head
Backing - ☑️☑️Fire moving away from the head down hill or against the wind
Torching - ☑️☑️Fire burning on the surface, but periodically igniting the crown of a single
or small group of trees or shrubs before returning to the surface. Not as serious as a
crown fire
Spotting - ☑️☑️Sparks or embers produced by the main fire and carried by when our
conviction columns across the control line
Crowning - ☑️☑️Fire that advances across tops of trees or shrubs more or less
independent of surface fire. High fire intensity and high for rate of speed
, Blowup - ☑️☑️Sudden increase in fire intensity our rate of speed significant to preclude
direct control or to upset existing suppression plans.
Smoldering - ☑️☑️Fire burning without flame and spreading very slowly
Fire intensity is affected by what four factors - ☑️☑️Feel loading, compactness our
arrangement of fuels, fuel moisture content, slope and wind speed
What six factors influence the fire rate of spread and burn pattern - ☑️☑️Fire intensity,
wind speed, slope, feel type changes, natural or man-made barriers that stop or slow
spread, and spotting
The vertical dimension should be considered when - ☑️☑️When I fire develops and size
or intensity
Three factors that control the development of the vertical dimension are - ☑️☑️Fire
intensity, stability of the air, and wind aloft ( strong upper-level wind tend to limit the
vertical development of a fire)
A vertical fire with the fire intensity being hot what happens - ☑️☑️As the hot air rises
cooler air from the surrounding areas will be drawn inward toward the fire to fill the void.
These in drafts can actually found the fire increasing the intensity even more. Which in
turn can cause it's own environment i.e. thunderclouds with lightning and strong winds.
What three factors influence direction of fire - ☑️☑️Wind, slope, condition of fuel
Flame length less than 4 feet means what - ☑️☑️Fires can't be attacked at the head or
flanks using hand tools Handlines should hold fire
Flames of 4 to 8 feet mean what - ☑️☑️Fire too intense . The use of bulldozers, engines
and retardant drops can be used
Flames of 8 to 11 feet mean what - ☑️☑️Torching, crowning and spotting major fire runs.
Control efforts at the head will probably be ineffective
Flames Over 11 feet mean - ☑️☑️Crowning, spotting and major fire runs are probable,
Control at head ineffective
What are the seven factors that constitute the fire environment - ☑️☑️Fuel
characteristics, fuel moisture, fuel temperature, topography, atmospheric stability, wind,
fire behavior.
Fine fuels are usually the carrier of what - ☑️☑️Fire, even in timber
