FSU BSC 2010 Unit 1 Study Guide questions with
verified answers
1 mole (mole) Ans✓✓✓ = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Acid Based Chemistry Ans✓✓✓ i. Water is a state of dynamic
equilibrium in which water molecules dissociate at the same rate at
which they are being reformed
ii. Though statistically rare, the dissociation of water molecules has a
great effect on organisms
iii. A hydrogen atom in a hydrogen bond between two water molecules
can shift from one to another:
a. The hydrogen atom leaves its electron behind and is transferred as a
proton, or hydrogen ion (H+).
b. The molecule with the extra proton is now a hydronium ion (h3O+),
though it is often represented as H+
c. The molecule that lost the proton is now a hydroxide ion (OH-)
d. Changes in concentration of H+ and OH- can drastically affect the
chemistry of a cell
Acidic Solutions Ans✓✓✓ have values less than 7
Acids and Bases Ans✓✓✓ 1. What causes an imbalance in H+ and OH-
concentrations? Acids and Bases
2. Acids increases the hydrogen ion concentration
,3. Hydrochloric Acid = HCl
4. HCl -> H+ + Cl- (single arrow = complete dissociation = STRONG)
5. Bases reduce the hydrogen ion concentration two ways:
a. accepting an H+
b. providing an OH-
Adaptation Ans✓✓✓ The ability to change over a period of time in
response to the environment. The ability is fundamental to the process
of evolution and is determined by the organism's heredity as well as the
composition of metabolized substances, and external factors present.
Amino Ans✓✓✓ Basic
Picks up H+
Application of radioactive isotopes in biological research Ans✓✓✓ 1.
Dating fossils
2. Tracing atoms through metabolic processes
3. Diagnosing medical disorders
Atom Ans✓✓✓ The smallest unit of matter that still retains the
properties of an element
Atomic Number and Atomic Mass Ans✓✓✓ i. An element's atomic
number is the number of protons in its nucleus
, ii. An element's mass number is the sum of protons plus neutrons in the
nucleus
iii. Atomic mass, the atom's total mass, can be approximated by the
mass number
Basic Solutions Ans✓✓✓ have values greater than 7
Buffers Ans✓✓✓ 1. The internal pH of most living cells must remain
close to pH 7
2. Buffers are substances that minimize changes in concentration of H+
and OH- in a solution
3. Most buffers consist of an acid-base pair that reversibly combines
with H+
4. The weak acid, carbonic acid, is formed when CO2 reacts with H2O in
blood plasma
Carbon Backbone Variation Ans✓✓✓ 1. Length
2. Branching
3. Double Bonds
4. Cicularization
Carbon Ans✓✓✓ 1. Enter the biosphere through plants
2. Unique in its ability to form molecules that are large complex and
diverse
verified answers
1 mole (mole) Ans✓✓✓ = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Acid Based Chemistry Ans✓✓✓ i. Water is a state of dynamic
equilibrium in which water molecules dissociate at the same rate at
which they are being reformed
ii. Though statistically rare, the dissociation of water molecules has a
great effect on organisms
iii. A hydrogen atom in a hydrogen bond between two water molecules
can shift from one to another:
a. The hydrogen atom leaves its electron behind and is transferred as a
proton, or hydrogen ion (H+).
b. The molecule with the extra proton is now a hydronium ion (h3O+),
though it is often represented as H+
c. The molecule that lost the proton is now a hydroxide ion (OH-)
d. Changes in concentration of H+ and OH- can drastically affect the
chemistry of a cell
Acidic Solutions Ans✓✓✓ have values less than 7
Acids and Bases Ans✓✓✓ 1. What causes an imbalance in H+ and OH-
concentrations? Acids and Bases
2. Acids increases the hydrogen ion concentration
,3. Hydrochloric Acid = HCl
4. HCl -> H+ + Cl- (single arrow = complete dissociation = STRONG)
5. Bases reduce the hydrogen ion concentration two ways:
a. accepting an H+
b. providing an OH-
Adaptation Ans✓✓✓ The ability to change over a period of time in
response to the environment. The ability is fundamental to the process
of evolution and is determined by the organism's heredity as well as the
composition of metabolized substances, and external factors present.
Amino Ans✓✓✓ Basic
Picks up H+
Application of radioactive isotopes in biological research Ans✓✓✓ 1.
Dating fossils
2. Tracing atoms through metabolic processes
3. Diagnosing medical disorders
Atom Ans✓✓✓ The smallest unit of matter that still retains the
properties of an element
Atomic Number and Atomic Mass Ans✓✓✓ i. An element's atomic
number is the number of protons in its nucleus
, ii. An element's mass number is the sum of protons plus neutrons in the
nucleus
iii. Atomic mass, the atom's total mass, can be approximated by the
mass number
Basic Solutions Ans✓✓✓ have values greater than 7
Buffers Ans✓✓✓ 1. The internal pH of most living cells must remain
close to pH 7
2. Buffers are substances that minimize changes in concentration of H+
and OH- in a solution
3. Most buffers consist of an acid-base pair that reversibly combines
with H+
4. The weak acid, carbonic acid, is formed when CO2 reacts with H2O in
blood plasma
Carbon Backbone Variation Ans✓✓✓ 1. Length
2. Branching
3. Double Bonds
4. Cicularization
Carbon Ans✓✓✓ 1. Enter the biosphere through plants
2. Unique in its ability to form molecules that are large complex and
diverse
