TEST BANK COMPLETE_
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY: FROM CELLS TO SYSTEMS 9TH EDITION,
BY LAURALEE SHERWOOD
ALL CHAPTER 1-20| UPDATED EDITION WITH ALL VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADE A+
,chapter 1. Introduction to physiology and homeostasis -------------------------------------------------------------- 3
chapter 2. Cell physiology ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48
chapter 3: the plasma membrane and membrane potential ------------------------------------------------------- 84
chapter 4: principles of neural and hormonal communication ----------------------------------------------------- 96
chapter 5: the central nervous system ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109
chapter 6: the peripheral nervous system: afferent division; special senses --------------------------------- 148
chapter 7: the peripheral nervous system: efferent division ------------------------------------------------------ 186
chapter 8: muscle physiology ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198
chapter 9: cardiac physiology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 240
chapter 10: the blood vessels and blood pressure ------------------------------------------------------------------- 279
chapter 11: the blood -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 318
chapter 12: body defences-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 346
chapter 13: the respiratory system -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 380
chapter 14: the urinary system -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 415
chapter 15: fluid and acid–base balance ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 456
chapter 16: the digestive system ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 491
chapter 17: energy balance and temperature regulation --------------------------------------------------------- 533
chapter 18: principals of endocrinology; the central endocrine glands ---------------------------------------- 555
chapter 19: the peripheral endocrine glands -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 589
chapter 20: the reproductive system ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 629
,Chapter 1. Introduction to physiology and homeostasis
lauralee sherwood: human physiology: from cells to systems 9th edition, test bank
1. Physiology is best defined as the _____.
A. Study of all living things
B. Study of the bodily functions of living things
C. Study of human relationships
D. Maintenance of body temperature
E. Maintenance of physical fitness
Answer: b
Physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the functions and mechanisms
occurring in living organisms. It explains how systems, organs, cells, and biomolecules
carry out the chemical or physical functions they have in a living system.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
References: 1.1 introduction to physiology
Learning objectives: huph.sher.16.1.1 – describe the physiological approach to
explaining an event
2. What are the most basic building blocks of matter?
A. Tissue
B. Cells
C. Atoms
D. Bones
E. Amino acids
Answer: c
Atoms are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties of an element. All matter,
including the human body, is composed of atoms which combine to form molecules and
ultimately more complex structures like cells and tissues.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
, References: 1.1 introduction to physiology
Learning objectives: huph.sher.16.1.2 – explain the structure-function relationship of
body parts
3. What are the four most common chemical elements in the human body?
A. Water, salt, protein, and fat
B. Iron, carbon, oxygen, and potassium
C. Blood, muscle, fat, and bone
D. Collagen, glucosamine, chondroitin, and cartilage
E. Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
Answer: e
These four elements make up over 96% of the human body by mass. They are
fundamental in forming biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates
essential to life.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
References: 1.1 introduction to physiology
Learning objectives: huph.sher.16.1.2 – explain the structure-function relationship of
body parts
4. Approximately how many red blood cells are replaced per minute in the human body
on average?
A. 150,000,000
B. 50,000,000
C. 5,000,000
D. 500,000
E. 5,000
Answer: a
The human body produces around 2–3 million red blood cells per second, totaling
roughly 150 million per minute. This constant regeneration supports oxygen transport
throughout the body.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY: FROM CELLS TO SYSTEMS 9TH EDITION,
BY LAURALEE SHERWOOD
ALL CHAPTER 1-20| UPDATED EDITION WITH ALL VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADE A+
,chapter 1. Introduction to physiology and homeostasis -------------------------------------------------------------- 3
chapter 2. Cell physiology ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48
chapter 3: the plasma membrane and membrane potential ------------------------------------------------------- 84
chapter 4: principles of neural and hormonal communication ----------------------------------------------------- 96
chapter 5: the central nervous system ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109
chapter 6: the peripheral nervous system: afferent division; special senses --------------------------------- 148
chapter 7: the peripheral nervous system: efferent division ------------------------------------------------------ 186
chapter 8: muscle physiology ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198
chapter 9: cardiac physiology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 240
chapter 10: the blood vessels and blood pressure ------------------------------------------------------------------- 279
chapter 11: the blood -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 318
chapter 12: body defences-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 346
chapter 13: the respiratory system -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 380
chapter 14: the urinary system -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 415
chapter 15: fluid and acid–base balance ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 456
chapter 16: the digestive system ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 491
chapter 17: energy balance and temperature regulation --------------------------------------------------------- 533
chapter 18: principals of endocrinology; the central endocrine glands ---------------------------------------- 555
chapter 19: the peripheral endocrine glands -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 589
chapter 20: the reproductive system ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 629
,Chapter 1. Introduction to physiology and homeostasis
lauralee sherwood: human physiology: from cells to systems 9th edition, test bank
1. Physiology is best defined as the _____.
A. Study of all living things
B. Study of the bodily functions of living things
C. Study of human relationships
D. Maintenance of body temperature
E. Maintenance of physical fitness
Answer: b
Physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the functions and mechanisms
occurring in living organisms. It explains how systems, organs, cells, and biomolecules
carry out the chemical or physical functions they have in a living system.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
References: 1.1 introduction to physiology
Learning objectives: huph.sher.16.1.1 – describe the physiological approach to
explaining an event
2. What are the most basic building blocks of matter?
A. Tissue
B. Cells
C. Atoms
D. Bones
E. Amino acids
Answer: c
Atoms are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties of an element. All matter,
including the human body, is composed of atoms which combine to form molecules and
ultimately more complex structures like cells and tissues.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
, References: 1.1 introduction to physiology
Learning objectives: huph.sher.16.1.2 – explain the structure-function relationship of
body parts
3. What are the four most common chemical elements in the human body?
A. Water, salt, protein, and fat
B. Iron, carbon, oxygen, and potassium
C. Blood, muscle, fat, and bone
D. Collagen, glucosamine, chondroitin, and cartilage
E. Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
Answer: e
These four elements make up over 96% of the human body by mass. They are
fundamental in forming biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates
essential to life.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
References: 1.1 introduction to physiology
Learning objectives: huph.sher.16.1.2 – explain the structure-function relationship of
body parts
4. Approximately how many red blood cells are replaced per minute in the human body
on average?
A. 150,000,000
B. 50,000,000
C. 5,000,000
D. 500,000
E. 5,000
Answer: a
The human body produces around 2–3 million red blood cells per second, totaling
roughly 150 million per minute. This constant regeneration supports oxygen transport
throughout the body.
Difficulty: bloom’s: remember
