ST220 Midterm Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers
Bronchoscopy - ANS an endoscopic exam of the trachea and the bronchi
What bronchoscope is preferred for children? - ANS a rigid bronchoscope is preferred
This bronchoscope utilizes a slender fiberoptic endoscope capable of entering the primary and
peripheral bronchi. - ANS the flexible bronchoscope
This bronchoscope is used for interventional procedures and the lumen is larger than the
flexible bronchoscope - ANS the rigid bronchoscope
Mediastinoscopy - ANS An endoscopic exam of the mediastinum through an incision.
A thymus and lymph node biopsy are performed to establish a diagnoses
Where is the incision for a mediastinoscopy placed? - ANS At the suprasternal notch
This is a minimally invasive surgery of the thoracic cavity. - ANS Video-Assisted
Thoracoscopic Surgery
VATS
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,How is a VATS performed? - ANS Cannulas are inserted through the body wall and used to
receive a rigid scope and telescope instruments
How many ports are required for a VATS? - ANS 3 or 4 ports are usually required
What size lenses are required for a thorascopy? - ANS in an adult a 10mm lens in 0 & 30
degree sizes
What is a thorascopy? - ANS This is a lung biopsy.
A small portion of lung tissue is removed.
What size scope should you have available for a thorascopy? - ANS you should have a 0 & 30
degree scope available
What is involved in a lung volume reduction surgery? - ANS Portions of the lung, severely
affected by emphysema, are removed to improve pulmonary function
What is a thoracotomy? - ANS this is open surgery of the thoracic cavity
What does a thoracotomy require? - ANS This requires a thoracotomy set and long general
instruments, lung grasping forceps, long tissue forceps, mounted sponges. metzenbam scissors,
bronchial clamps for resection, an extended ESU tip
What is a scapular retractor used for in a thoracotomy? - ANS This is used to retract shoulder
muscles
What are silastic vessel loops or long penrose drains used for? - ANS for retraction of large
vessels
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, what is a Sauerbruch rib shear used for? - ANS To trim the sharp edges
What is a lobectomy? - ANS A lobe of the lung is removed to prevent the spread of cancer or
to treat a benign tumor
How may a lobectomy be performed? - ANS This may be performed as a VATS or as an open
procedure
How is ligation of large vessels often performed in a lobectomy? - ANS With 2-0 silk ties
What is a pneumonectomy? - ANS This is the removal of the entire lung
Why is a pneumonectomy performed? - ANS to debulk a malignant tumor
to slow the spread of cancer
to treat extensive abscess
to treat bronchiectasis
How is ligation of large vessels often performed in a pneumonectomy? - ANS With 0 silk
sutures
What position is a magnetic drape most often used in? - ANS Mainly in the lateral position.
What is the decortication of the lung? - ANS The surgical removal of a portion of the parietal
pleura
Why would a decortication of the lung be performed? - ANS Chronic inflammation
Infection such as empyema or TB
Lung tumor
Pg. 3 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Answers
Bronchoscopy - ANS an endoscopic exam of the trachea and the bronchi
What bronchoscope is preferred for children? - ANS a rigid bronchoscope is preferred
This bronchoscope utilizes a slender fiberoptic endoscope capable of entering the primary and
peripheral bronchi. - ANS the flexible bronchoscope
This bronchoscope is used for interventional procedures and the lumen is larger than the
flexible bronchoscope - ANS the rigid bronchoscope
Mediastinoscopy - ANS An endoscopic exam of the mediastinum through an incision.
A thymus and lymph node biopsy are performed to establish a diagnoses
Where is the incision for a mediastinoscopy placed? - ANS At the suprasternal notch
This is a minimally invasive surgery of the thoracic cavity. - ANS Video-Assisted
Thoracoscopic Surgery
VATS
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
,How is a VATS performed? - ANS Cannulas are inserted through the body wall and used to
receive a rigid scope and telescope instruments
How many ports are required for a VATS? - ANS 3 or 4 ports are usually required
What size lenses are required for a thorascopy? - ANS in an adult a 10mm lens in 0 & 30
degree sizes
What is a thorascopy? - ANS This is a lung biopsy.
A small portion of lung tissue is removed.
What size scope should you have available for a thorascopy? - ANS you should have a 0 & 30
degree scope available
What is involved in a lung volume reduction surgery? - ANS Portions of the lung, severely
affected by emphysema, are removed to improve pulmonary function
What is a thoracotomy? - ANS this is open surgery of the thoracic cavity
What does a thoracotomy require? - ANS This requires a thoracotomy set and long general
instruments, lung grasping forceps, long tissue forceps, mounted sponges. metzenbam scissors,
bronchial clamps for resection, an extended ESU tip
What is a scapular retractor used for in a thoracotomy? - ANS This is used to retract shoulder
muscles
What are silastic vessel loops or long penrose drains used for? - ANS for retraction of large
vessels
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, what is a Sauerbruch rib shear used for? - ANS To trim the sharp edges
What is a lobectomy? - ANS A lobe of the lung is removed to prevent the spread of cancer or
to treat a benign tumor
How may a lobectomy be performed? - ANS This may be performed as a VATS or as an open
procedure
How is ligation of large vessels often performed in a lobectomy? - ANS With 2-0 silk ties
What is a pneumonectomy? - ANS This is the removal of the entire lung
Why is a pneumonectomy performed? - ANS to debulk a malignant tumor
to slow the spread of cancer
to treat extensive abscess
to treat bronchiectasis
How is ligation of large vessels often performed in a pneumonectomy? - ANS With 0 silk
sutures
What position is a magnetic drape most often used in? - ANS Mainly in the lateral position.
What is the decortication of the lung? - ANS The surgical removal of a portion of the parietal
pleura
Why would a decortication of the lung be performed? - ANS Chronic inflammation
Infection such as empyema or TB
Lung tumor
Pg. 3 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
