PN 4006 Final Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers
Dextrose 10% in water - ANS hypertonic solution
the most common electrolyte imbalance - ANS hypokalemia (potassium)
dependent edema - ANS edema in areas most affected by gravity (feet, ankles, buttocks)
Hypoxemia - ANS decrease in oxygen in the blood
Bronchoscopy - ANS obtaining a lung biopsy or sputum culture to diagnose, treat or evaluate
lung disease
Ventilation - ANS the actual movement of air in & out of the lungs
Perfusion - ANS the process which the cardiovascular system pumps blood throughout the
lungs
Diffusion - ANS the spontaneous movement of gases, without the use of any energy or effort
by the body, between the alveoli and the capillaries in the lungs
initial S&S of a blood transfusion reaction - ANS restlessness, back pain, fever & chills
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, atrial dysrhythmias can be caused by - ANS caffeine, metabolic disorders, hyperthyroidism
variant angina - ANS caused by coronary artery spasm
Atrial flutter - ANS dysrhythmia described as saw tooth on the ECG
Myocardium - ANS middle layer of the heart consisting of muscle tissue
is the force behind hearts pumping action
cardiac output - ANS the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle each minute
electrocardiography - ANS graphic recording of the electrical currents generated by the heart
muscle
Arteriography - ANS diagnostic procedure that involves instilling contract medium into an
artery
Isotonic fluids - ANS 0.9% NaCl, Ringer's lactate, Dextrose 5% in water
Hypotonic fluid - ANS 0.45% NaCl
Hypertonic fluids - ANS Dextrose 5% in 0.9% NaCl
infiltration - ANS IV fluid enters the subq space around site: pain, swelling, blanching,
coolness, & leakage
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Answers
Dextrose 10% in water - ANS hypertonic solution
the most common electrolyte imbalance - ANS hypokalemia (potassium)
dependent edema - ANS edema in areas most affected by gravity (feet, ankles, buttocks)
Hypoxemia - ANS decrease in oxygen in the blood
Bronchoscopy - ANS obtaining a lung biopsy or sputum culture to diagnose, treat or evaluate
lung disease
Ventilation - ANS the actual movement of air in & out of the lungs
Perfusion - ANS the process which the cardiovascular system pumps blood throughout the
lungs
Diffusion - ANS the spontaneous movement of gases, without the use of any energy or effort
by the body, between the alveoli and the capillaries in the lungs
initial S&S of a blood transfusion reaction - ANS restlessness, back pain, fever & chills
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, atrial dysrhythmias can be caused by - ANS caffeine, metabolic disorders, hyperthyroidism
variant angina - ANS caused by coronary artery spasm
Atrial flutter - ANS dysrhythmia described as saw tooth on the ECG
Myocardium - ANS middle layer of the heart consisting of muscle tissue
is the force behind hearts pumping action
cardiac output - ANS the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle each minute
electrocardiography - ANS graphic recording of the electrical currents generated by the heart
muscle
Arteriography - ANS diagnostic procedure that involves instilling contract medium into an
artery
Isotonic fluids - ANS 0.9% NaCl, Ringer's lactate, Dextrose 5% in water
Hypotonic fluid - ANS 0.45% NaCl
Hypertonic fluids - ANS Dextrose 5% in 0.9% NaCl
infiltration - ANS IV fluid enters the subq space around site: pain, swelling, blanching,
coolness, & leakage
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
