PTAP 1240 Modalities EXAM 1 2025
Questions and Answers
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation? - ANS Erythema
Heat
Edema
Pain
Loss of function
What are the 3 criteria used to help describe chronic pain? - ANS - The cause is often
uncertain
- Medical treatment has been ineffective
- If pain persist longer than 6 months
What is the affect of prolonged cooling? - ANS It decreases spasticity
What are the stages of perceived sensation for cryotherapy (hint: its an acronym) -
ANS CBAN: Coldness, Burning, Anesthesia, Numbness
Define long stretch or "high stretch" compression and give an example - ANS Provides good
resting pressure
Low working pressure
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, Controls edema in immobile patients
ex. Ace wrap
Define short stretch or "low stretch" compression and give an example - ANS Low resting
pressure
Provides good working pressure
Used for lymphatic and venous edema
ex. Unna boot
What is conduction? - ANS Heat is transferred when to objects (ex. skin and MHP) come into
physical contact. (moist hot pack, cold pack, paraffin, ice massage)
What is convection? - ANS Heat transfer through direct contact with a circulating medium
(ex. fluidotherapy, whirlpool)
What is conversion? - ANS Heat transfer from a nonthermal form of energy such as
mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy (ex. ultrasound, diathermy)
What is radiation? - ANS Transfer of energy from one material to another without the need
for physical contact (ex. infrared heat lamp)
What is evaporation? - ANS Transfer of temperature as liquid absorbs energy and turns into
vapor (ex. vapocoolant spray)
Cryotherapy: what is the difference between quick ice and prolonged cooling? - ANS Quick
ice facilitates a muscles that is HYPOtonic and prolonged cooling inhibits a muscle that is
HYPERtonic
Paraffin: what is the dip-wrap method? - ANS **MOST COMMON**
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Questions and Answers
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation? - ANS Erythema
Heat
Edema
Pain
Loss of function
What are the 3 criteria used to help describe chronic pain? - ANS - The cause is often
uncertain
- Medical treatment has been ineffective
- If pain persist longer than 6 months
What is the affect of prolonged cooling? - ANS It decreases spasticity
What are the stages of perceived sensation for cryotherapy (hint: its an acronym) -
ANS CBAN: Coldness, Burning, Anesthesia, Numbness
Define long stretch or "high stretch" compression and give an example - ANS Provides good
resting pressure
Low working pressure
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, Controls edema in immobile patients
ex. Ace wrap
Define short stretch or "low stretch" compression and give an example - ANS Low resting
pressure
Provides good working pressure
Used for lymphatic and venous edema
ex. Unna boot
What is conduction? - ANS Heat is transferred when to objects (ex. skin and MHP) come into
physical contact. (moist hot pack, cold pack, paraffin, ice massage)
What is convection? - ANS Heat transfer through direct contact with a circulating medium
(ex. fluidotherapy, whirlpool)
What is conversion? - ANS Heat transfer from a nonthermal form of energy such as
mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy (ex. ultrasound, diathermy)
What is radiation? - ANS Transfer of energy from one material to another without the need
for physical contact (ex. infrared heat lamp)
What is evaporation? - ANS Transfer of temperature as liquid absorbs energy and turns into
vapor (ex. vapocoolant spray)
Cryotherapy: what is the difference between quick ice and prolonged cooling? - ANS Quick
ice facilitates a muscles that is HYPOtonic and prolonged cooling inhibits a muscle that is
HYPERtonic
Paraffin: what is the dip-wrap method? - ANS **MOST COMMON**
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
