OMSA Study Guide Exam 2025 Questions
and Answers
Name the 4 valves in the heart - ANS Tricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - ANS Between the right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the Mitral valve located? - ANS Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Where is the Aortic valve located? - ANS Between the aorta and the heart's left ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve located? - ANS Between the" right ventricle and the pulmonary
artery
What is the function of valves in the heart? - ANS To prevent the backflow of blood
When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make, and
what causes this sound? - ANS Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing
What is angina pectoris? - ANS Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin
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,What is angina pectoris caused by? - ANS Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart muscle
How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - ANS It dilates the coronary arteries and increases
the blood flow to the heart
When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - ANS When the heart is
deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
Death of the heart muscle - ANS necrosis
Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - ANS Family history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
Heart valve dysfunction
dysrhythmias
Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) - ANS -Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
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, -Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - ANS Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
What is congestive heart failure? - ANS The heart cannot pump blood in a forward motion
What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - ANS Excess blood an fluid backing up
systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - ANS Swelling in the ankles and ascetics (belly)
Distended neck veins
What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - ANS Fluid backing up into the lungs
causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum.
What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - ANS Shortness of breath and wakes up in the
middle of the night gasping for air
What is the normal treatment for CHF? - ANS Diuretics; so the patient pees out the excess
fluid
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and Answers
Name the 4 valves in the heart - ANS Tricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - ANS Between the right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the Mitral valve located? - ANS Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Where is the Aortic valve located? - ANS Between the aorta and the heart's left ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve located? - ANS Between the" right ventricle and the pulmonary
artery
What is the function of valves in the heart? - ANS To prevent the backflow of blood
When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make, and
what causes this sound? - ANS Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing
What is angina pectoris? - ANS Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
,What is angina pectoris caused by? - ANS Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart muscle
How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - ANS It dilates the coronary arteries and increases
the blood flow to the heart
When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - ANS When the heart is
deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
Death of the heart muscle - ANS necrosis
Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - ANS Family history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
Heart valve dysfunction
dysrhythmias
Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) - ANS -Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, -Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - ANS Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
What is congestive heart failure? - ANS The heart cannot pump blood in a forward motion
What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - ANS Excess blood an fluid backing up
systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - ANS Swelling in the ankles and ascetics (belly)
Distended neck veins
What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - ANS Fluid backing up into the lungs
causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum.
What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - ANS Shortness of breath and wakes up in the
middle of the night gasping for air
What is the normal treatment for CHF? - ANS Diuretics; so the patient pees out the excess
fluid
Pg. 3 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
