NUR 2243 – Module 1 EAQs | Fundamentals of Hepatic Function, Assessment &
Disorders: NCLEX Practice
Which patient is more susceptible to acute kidney injury (AKI)? A patient suffering from
hypertension
The nurse places a long-term dialysis catheter into the internal jugular vein of a patient by
making a 7 cm long subcutaneous tunnel. Why did the nurse use the tunneling technique?
To reduce the risk of infection
The registered nurse teaches a student nurse about the dialysis catheter. Which statement of
the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? "Central venous pressure is
measured from the catheter."
The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the usage of long-term dialysis
catheters. Which statement by the student nurse about the placement of a long-term dialysis
catheter needs correction? "A tunnel measuring 10 cm is made subcutaneously."
While assessing a patient suffering from acute kidney injury, the nurse observes peripheral
edema and declined cognition. Further laboratory reports reveal the findings given in the
patient chart. What is the most appropriate treatment? dialysis
A patient with chronic kidney disease sustained a fall at home. The imaging and laboratory
reports revealed multiple fractures, spinal sclerosis, decreased bone density, decreased serum
calcium levels, and elevated serum phosphorous levels. Which diagnosis is the nurse most likely
to expect for this patient? Osteodystrophy
The RN has just received a change-of-shift report. Which of the assigned patients should be
assessed first? Patient with chronic kidney failure who was just admitted with shortness of
breath
,The urine output of four patients undergoing treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) is given
below. Which patient's finding should be reported immediately to the health care provider?
Patient D
The registered nurse teaches a student nurse about tubular damage in the kidneys. Which
statement by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? "Tubular damage
results in intrarenal acute kidney injury."
The nurse assists a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) to modify the diet in which ways?
Select all that apply. Low potassium
Restricted fluids
Restricted protein
A patient receiving hemodialysis is prescribed folic acid and ferrous sulfate orally. What does
the nurse teach the patient about folic acid therapy? Take the drug after dialysis.
Which patient with end stage kidney disease is an ideal candidate for hemodialysis? A
patient who just had surgery for appendicitis
When caring for a patient with a forearm arteriovenous (AV) fistula created for hemodialysis,
which actions must the nurse take? Select all that apply. Auscultate for a bruit every 8
hours.
Teach the patient to palpate for a thrill over the site.
Ensure that no blood pressure measurements are taken in that arm.
A patient awaiting kidney transplantation states, "I can't stand this waiting for a kidney, I just
want to give up." Which statement by the nurse is most therapeutic? "You sound frustrated
with the situation."
,Which finding in the first 24 hours after kidney transplantation requires immediate
intervention? Abrupt decrease in urine output
A patient is receiving immune-suppressive therapy after kidney transplantation. Which measure
for infection control is most important for the nurse to implement? Handwashing
The nurse is teaching a class for patients who have mild chronic kidney disease. The nurse will
tell the class participants that which interventions can help slow the progression to end-stage
kidney disease? Select all that apply. Nutrition therapy
Fluid volume control
Prescription medications
Managing blood pressure
A patient with severe azotemia reports severe chest pain radiating to the trapezoid region and
difficulty in breathing. Upon examination, tachycardia, dysrhythmia, narrow pulse pressure, and
low-grade fever are noticed. Which diagnosis is the nurse most likely to expect for this patient?
Uremic pericarditis
Three hours after renal transplantation surgery, the patient complains of severe pain at the
transplant site. Upon examination, blood pressure is 170/90 mm Hg and body temperature is
104°F. What should the nurse do for the immediate treatment of the patient? Prepare the
patient for surgery
The nurse working in the renal care unit recognizes that which conditions are most likely to
result in acute kidney injury related to prerenal perfusion reduction? Select all that apply.
Anaphylaxis
Severe dehydration
Antihypertensive medications
Use of aspirin, ibuprofen, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
, A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has developed the Kussmaul pattern of respiration.
What causes this breathing pattern? Increased acid retention
When is the best time for the nurse to counsel the patient about the importance of dialysis
therapy? After the initial reduction of uremic symptoms
Which clinical manifestation indicates the need for increased fluids in a patient with kidney
failure? Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
What statement is related to acute kidney injury (AKI)? Damage to 50 to 95% of nephrons
results in an AKI.
The nurse knows that a patient's glomerular filtration rate of 22 mL/min signifies that the
patient is in which stage of chronic renal disease? Stage 4, severe chronic kidney disease
When evaluating the laboratory results of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, which lab value
indicates the body has fully compensated from this acid-base imbalance? Normal pH on
arterial blood gases
What is one of the causes of acidosis? Kidney failure
Lab results for a 62-year-old patient show the following results: pH 7.48; bicarbonate 26; PaO 2
90; PaCO 2 32. These findings are consistent with which acid-base imbalance? respiratory
alkalosis
To decrease the risk of acid-base imbalance, what goal must the patient with diabetes mellitus
strive for? Maintaining blood glucose level within normal limits.
Disorders: NCLEX Practice
Which patient is more susceptible to acute kidney injury (AKI)? A patient suffering from
hypertension
The nurse places a long-term dialysis catheter into the internal jugular vein of a patient by
making a 7 cm long subcutaneous tunnel. Why did the nurse use the tunneling technique?
To reduce the risk of infection
The registered nurse teaches a student nurse about the dialysis catheter. Which statement of
the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? "Central venous pressure is
measured from the catheter."
The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the usage of long-term dialysis
catheters. Which statement by the student nurse about the placement of a long-term dialysis
catheter needs correction? "A tunnel measuring 10 cm is made subcutaneously."
While assessing a patient suffering from acute kidney injury, the nurse observes peripheral
edema and declined cognition. Further laboratory reports reveal the findings given in the
patient chart. What is the most appropriate treatment? dialysis
A patient with chronic kidney disease sustained a fall at home. The imaging and laboratory
reports revealed multiple fractures, spinal sclerosis, decreased bone density, decreased serum
calcium levels, and elevated serum phosphorous levels. Which diagnosis is the nurse most likely
to expect for this patient? Osteodystrophy
The RN has just received a change-of-shift report. Which of the assigned patients should be
assessed first? Patient with chronic kidney failure who was just admitted with shortness of
breath
,The urine output of four patients undergoing treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) is given
below. Which patient's finding should be reported immediately to the health care provider?
Patient D
The registered nurse teaches a student nurse about tubular damage in the kidneys. Which
statement by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? "Tubular damage
results in intrarenal acute kidney injury."
The nurse assists a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) to modify the diet in which ways?
Select all that apply. Low potassium
Restricted fluids
Restricted protein
A patient receiving hemodialysis is prescribed folic acid and ferrous sulfate orally. What does
the nurse teach the patient about folic acid therapy? Take the drug after dialysis.
Which patient with end stage kidney disease is an ideal candidate for hemodialysis? A
patient who just had surgery for appendicitis
When caring for a patient with a forearm arteriovenous (AV) fistula created for hemodialysis,
which actions must the nurse take? Select all that apply. Auscultate for a bruit every 8
hours.
Teach the patient to palpate for a thrill over the site.
Ensure that no blood pressure measurements are taken in that arm.
A patient awaiting kidney transplantation states, "I can't stand this waiting for a kidney, I just
want to give up." Which statement by the nurse is most therapeutic? "You sound frustrated
with the situation."
,Which finding in the first 24 hours after kidney transplantation requires immediate
intervention? Abrupt decrease in urine output
A patient is receiving immune-suppressive therapy after kidney transplantation. Which measure
for infection control is most important for the nurse to implement? Handwashing
The nurse is teaching a class for patients who have mild chronic kidney disease. The nurse will
tell the class participants that which interventions can help slow the progression to end-stage
kidney disease? Select all that apply. Nutrition therapy
Fluid volume control
Prescription medications
Managing blood pressure
A patient with severe azotemia reports severe chest pain radiating to the trapezoid region and
difficulty in breathing. Upon examination, tachycardia, dysrhythmia, narrow pulse pressure, and
low-grade fever are noticed. Which diagnosis is the nurse most likely to expect for this patient?
Uremic pericarditis
Three hours after renal transplantation surgery, the patient complains of severe pain at the
transplant site. Upon examination, blood pressure is 170/90 mm Hg and body temperature is
104°F. What should the nurse do for the immediate treatment of the patient? Prepare the
patient for surgery
The nurse working in the renal care unit recognizes that which conditions are most likely to
result in acute kidney injury related to prerenal perfusion reduction? Select all that apply.
Anaphylaxis
Severe dehydration
Antihypertensive medications
Use of aspirin, ibuprofen, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
, A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has developed the Kussmaul pattern of respiration.
What causes this breathing pattern? Increased acid retention
When is the best time for the nurse to counsel the patient about the importance of dialysis
therapy? After the initial reduction of uremic symptoms
Which clinical manifestation indicates the need for increased fluids in a patient with kidney
failure? Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
What statement is related to acute kidney injury (AKI)? Damage to 50 to 95% of nephrons
results in an AKI.
The nurse knows that a patient's glomerular filtration rate of 22 mL/min signifies that the
patient is in which stage of chronic renal disease? Stage 4, severe chronic kidney disease
When evaluating the laboratory results of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, which lab value
indicates the body has fully compensated from this acid-base imbalance? Normal pH on
arterial blood gases
What is one of the causes of acidosis? Kidney failure
Lab results for a 62-year-old patient show the following results: pH 7.48; bicarbonate 26; PaO 2
90; PaCO 2 32. These findings are consistent with which acid-base imbalance? respiratory
alkalosis
To decrease the risk of acid-base imbalance, what goal must the patient with diabetes mellitus
strive for? Maintaining blood glucose level within normal limits.
