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N316A Exam 2 Review 2025 Questions and Answers

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N316A Exam 2 Review 2025 Questions and Answers Cutaneous pain - ANS superficial tissue pain, minor cuts and bruises Deep somatic pain - ANS ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, nerves dull, poorly localized pain Visceral pain - ANS deep organs Referred pain - ANS pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates Phantom pain - ANS pain or discomfort felt in an amputated limb WHO analgesic ladder - ANS Step 1: mild to moderate pain -Non-opioid analgesic: NSAIDs and acetaminophen Step 2: moderate to severe pain -Opioid analgesic: oxycodone, hydrocodone, codeine +/- nonopioid adjuvants Step 3: severe pain Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. -Powerful opioid: morphine, fentanyl +/- nonopioid adjuvants What is the purpose of adjuvant meds? - ANS Amplify analgesic effect of pain meds What are types of adjuvant medications? - ANS anticonvulsants (neuropathic pain), antidepressants, corticosteroids, local anesthetics (prevent nerve depolarization), topical pain relievers, cannabinoids What are side effects of opioids? - ANS D- Dizziness A - Addiction N - Nausea C - Constipation E - Euphoria R - Respiratory depression S - Sedation When are opioids most effective? - ANS when given before pain onset Naloxone (Narcan, Evzio) - ANS Reverses adverse effects of narcotics; diagnoses suspected acute narcotic overdose Naltrexone (ReVia) - ANS Used orally in the management of alcohol or narcotic dependence Signs and symptoms of GERD - ANS Heartburn, dysphagia, epigastric pain, regurgitation, dyspepsia (acid indige

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N316A Exam 2 Review 2025 Questions and
Answers



Cutaneous pain - ANS superficial tissue pain, minor cuts and bruises



Deep somatic pain - ANS ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, nerves


dull, poorly localized pain



Visceral pain - ANS deep organs



Referred pain - ANS pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates



Phantom pain - ANS pain or discomfort felt in an amputated limb



WHO analgesic ladder - ANS Step 1: mild to moderate pain
-Non-opioid analgesic: NSAIDs and acetaminophen


Step 2: moderate to severe pain
-Opioid analgesic: oxycodone, hydrocodone, codeine
+/- nonopioid adjuvants


Step 3: severe pain



Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

, -Powerful opioid: morphine, fentanyl
+/- nonopioid adjuvants



What is the purpose of adjuvant meds? - ANS Amplify analgesic effect of pain meds



What are types of adjuvant medications? - ANS anticonvulsants (neuropathic pain),
antidepressants, corticosteroids, local anesthetics (prevent nerve depolarization), topical pain
relievers, cannabinoids



What are side effects of opioids? - ANS D- Dizziness
A - Addiction
N - Nausea
C - Constipation
E - Euphoria
R - Respiratory depression
S - Sedation



When are opioids most effective? - ANS when given before pain onset



Naloxone (Narcan, Evzio) - ANS Reverses adverse effects of narcotics; diagnoses suspected
acute narcotic overdose



Naltrexone (ReVia) - ANS Used orally in the management of alcohol or narcotic dependence



Signs and symptoms of GERD - ANS Heartburn, dysphagia, epigastric pain, regurgitation,
dyspepsia (acid indigestion)



How do you diagnose GERD? - ANS endoscopy and manometry


Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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