MGT3000 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions
and Answers
What does the ''Hawthorne Effect'' discovered in the Hawthorne studies refer to? - ANS the
tedency of people to perform better in the presence of an experimenter
When do "early adopters" tend to adopt a change? - ANS they tend to adopt a change
immediately following the innovators
What are some steps in Kotter's 8 step model that help decrease resistance to change? -
ANS establishing a powerful coalition, communicating a vision, and creating a sense of
urgency
A study of nurses during the pandemic asks them to each log their level of work stress each day
and then correlates these results with various measures such as lateness, attendance and
leaving work early over the course of a month. What research method is being used? -
ANS correlational field study
In lecture, it was recommended to treat an organizational merger like a what? -
ANS marriage
In the cultural values list, what is the meaning of "outcome orientation"? - ANS the degree to
which the organization focuses on results rather than processes
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,Besides individual predisposition to change, what is another reason people resist change, as
discussed in class? - ANS their fear of uncertainty, the change will change their power in the
organization, group norms are strong, and they are creatures of habits and routines
What was the force and emphasis of the classical (scientific management) approach to
organizational behavior? (In other words, what historical event led to it and what aspect of
behavior did it mostly focus on?) - ANS industrial revolution, efficiency
Describe three work systems that could be changed to support an organizational change being
adopted; also, will changing only these three work systems be sufficient to support the change?
Why or why not? - ANS three work systems that could be changed to support an
organizational change being adopted would be: Information distribution, organization, and
workplace design. Changing only these three work systems would not be sufficient enough to
support the change because 5 out of the 8 work systems need to change to be properly
supported
We discussed different types of cultural artifacts in class. What are two of these types that are
found on Tech's campus? Explain. - ANS one type would be the Husky statue which is symbol
of school spirit and representation of the university. Another type would be the tradition of
having Winter Carnival every Spring Semester and participating in certain traditional activities
like broomball on Walker lawn and snow statue building all-nighter throughout different parts
of the campus
Name and contrast the first and last (5th) tribal types found in the Ted Talks video assigned for
the week that culture was covered in class - ANS tribal types = ethics types
Types are Instrument, caring, independence, law and code, and rules. So, the first and last are
instrumental and rules. Instrumental means that decision is guided by self-interest and rules are
operation by internally generated policies and standards.
There were two Ted talks that week, 4 deadly sins and Cross-cultural Communication. The 4
deadly sins went over what signs to watch out for when it comes to detecting toxic work
culture. They mentioned the 5th tribal type, rules because on of the red flags was having too
many strict rules that restrict the freedom that employees have and limit innovation.
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, The other Ted talk was comparing different cultural interactions, he explained how being in a
culture where everything is familiar would be an example of the first tribal type, instrumental.
Being hesitant to working in a cross-cultural environment is an example of making a decision
solely out of self-interest and cultural preservation.
How are the turbulent field and disturbed reactive environment types different? - ANS a
turbulent field is when there is high uncertainty in an environment and change is ever present.
A couple examples would be the health car and insurance industries. Disturbed reactive
environment also has a high level of uncertainty but the main differences are the amount of
competitors and countermoves companies often need to implement to stay in business.
While in a turbulent field, a lot of these industries work together so although there might be a
lot of competition internally in each industry there is not exactly any competition between
them since working together is more important for the success of their business.
Versus a disturbed reactive environment often times competitors have a large influence or
domination in the industry such as Google or Apple, so their competitors like Samsung and
Microsoft always need to be ready with a strategy to outperform their competitors to stay in
business.
Using jargon in an organization fulfills which function of organizational culture? -
ANS enhances loyalty to, commitment and identitiy with the company
What is organizational behavior? - ANS to explain behavior in organizations, to predict
behavior in organizations, and to manage behavior in organizations
Dependent variable - ANS the factor being explained and thought to result from changes in
the independent variable
in an experiment, it is the factor being measured following changes in the independent variable
Pg. 3 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
and Answers
What does the ''Hawthorne Effect'' discovered in the Hawthorne studies refer to? - ANS the
tedency of people to perform better in the presence of an experimenter
When do "early adopters" tend to adopt a change? - ANS they tend to adopt a change
immediately following the innovators
What are some steps in Kotter's 8 step model that help decrease resistance to change? -
ANS establishing a powerful coalition, communicating a vision, and creating a sense of
urgency
A study of nurses during the pandemic asks them to each log their level of work stress each day
and then correlates these results with various measures such as lateness, attendance and
leaving work early over the course of a month. What research method is being used? -
ANS correlational field study
In lecture, it was recommended to treat an organizational merger like a what? -
ANS marriage
In the cultural values list, what is the meaning of "outcome orientation"? - ANS the degree to
which the organization focuses on results rather than processes
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
,Besides individual predisposition to change, what is another reason people resist change, as
discussed in class? - ANS their fear of uncertainty, the change will change their power in the
organization, group norms are strong, and they are creatures of habits and routines
What was the force and emphasis of the classical (scientific management) approach to
organizational behavior? (In other words, what historical event led to it and what aspect of
behavior did it mostly focus on?) - ANS industrial revolution, efficiency
Describe three work systems that could be changed to support an organizational change being
adopted; also, will changing only these three work systems be sufficient to support the change?
Why or why not? - ANS three work systems that could be changed to support an
organizational change being adopted would be: Information distribution, organization, and
workplace design. Changing only these three work systems would not be sufficient enough to
support the change because 5 out of the 8 work systems need to change to be properly
supported
We discussed different types of cultural artifacts in class. What are two of these types that are
found on Tech's campus? Explain. - ANS one type would be the Husky statue which is symbol
of school spirit and representation of the university. Another type would be the tradition of
having Winter Carnival every Spring Semester and participating in certain traditional activities
like broomball on Walker lawn and snow statue building all-nighter throughout different parts
of the campus
Name and contrast the first and last (5th) tribal types found in the Ted Talks video assigned for
the week that culture was covered in class - ANS tribal types = ethics types
Types are Instrument, caring, independence, law and code, and rules. So, the first and last are
instrumental and rules. Instrumental means that decision is guided by self-interest and rules are
operation by internally generated policies and standards.
There were two Ted talks that week, 4 deadly sins and Cross-cultural Communication. The 4
deadly sins went over what signs to watch out for when it comes to detecting toxic work
culture. They mentioned the 5th tribal type, rules because on of the red flags was having too
many strict rules that restrict the freedom that employees have and limit innovation.
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, The other Ted talk was comparing different cultural interactions, he explained how being in a
culture where everything is familiar would be an example of the first tribal type, instrumental.
Being hesitant to working in a cross-cultural environment is an example of making a decision
solely out of self-interest and cultural preservation.
How are the turbulent field and disturbed reactive environment types different? - ANS a
turbulent field is when there is high uncertainty in an environment and change is ever present.
A couple examples would be the health car and insurance industries. Disturbed reactive
environment also has a high level of uncertainty but the main differences are the amount of
competitors and countermoves companies often need to implement to stay in business.
While in a turbulent field, a lot of these industries work together so although there might be a
lot of competition internally in each industry there is not exactly any competition between
them since working together is more important for the success of their business.
Versus a disturbed reactive environment often times competitors have a large influence or
domination in the industry such as Google or Apple, so their competitors like Samsung and
Microsoft always need to be ready with a strategy to outperform their competitors to stay in
business.
Using jargon in an organization fulfills which function of organizational culture? -
ANS enhances loyalty to, commitment and identitiy with the company
What is organizational behavior? - ANS to explain behavior in organizations, to predict
behavior in organizations, and to manage behavior in organizations
Dependent variable - ANS the factor being explained and thought to result from changes in
the independent variable
in an experiment, it is the factor being measured following changes in the independent variable
Pg. 3 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
