NURS 615 PHARM EXAM 1 –
MARYVILLE EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSLow albumin = more free drug (bc the drug can't bind to albumin aka protein)
= increased adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: - CORRECT-ANSWERSis considered a contraindication
to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? - CORRECT-ANSWERSHalf-life specifically means the
amount of time it takes for an administered drug to be halfway cleared from the system.
Peak of action: - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe time between drug administration and
maximum concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best therapeutic effect.
Duration of action: - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe time between onset of action and
metabolism of drug below the minimum needed for an effect. The length of time you
have the drug in your system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe first step is to define the patient's problem
The second step is to - CORRECT-ANSWERSspecify the therapeutic objective
The third step is to - CORRECT-ANSWERSchoose which drug or treatment is needed.
Step 4 of the WHO approach: - CORRECT-ANSWERSStart the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: - CORRECT-ANSWERSEducate the patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: - CORRECT-ANSWERSMonitor the treatment
, Phase 1 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe drug is tested on healthy
volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERStrials with people who have the
disease for which the drug is thought to be effective
Phase 3 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERSLarge numbers of patients in
medical research centers receive the drug in phase 3. This larger sampling provides
information about infrequent or rare adverse effects. The FFA will approve a new drug
application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis phase is voluntary and
involves postmarket surveillance of the drug's therapeutic effects at the completion of
phase 3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports from doctors and other health care
professionals about the therapeutic results and adverse effects of the drug. Some
medications, for example, have been found to be toxic and have been removed from the
market after their initial release.
Explain first pass metabolism - CORRECT-ANSWERSmuch of the drug is lost in the
absorption process. The liver metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces the bioavailabilty of
the drug.
What is the fasted route of absorption: - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe fastest route of
absorption is inhalation, and not as mistakenly considered the IV administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe GI tract is
lined with epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in order to be
absorbed into the circulatory system.
, What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a given drug? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSthe cell membrane. Cell membranes are essentially lipid bilayers
which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid bilayers are generally permeable only
to small and uncharged solutes, hence whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its
absorption, since ionic molecules are charged.
What is solubility? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSolubility favors charged species,
permeability favors neutral species. Some molecules have special exchange proteins and
channels to facilitate movement from the lumen into the circulation.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAbsorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex membrane systems
of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug passage.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on: - CORRECT-
ANSWERSwhether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-soluble drugs easily
cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs can't. Lipid-soluble drugs can also
cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain.
As a drug travels through the body, it comes in contact with? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSproteins such as the plasma protein albumin. The drug can remain free or
bind to the protein. The portion of a drug that's bound to a protein is inactive and can't
exert a therapeutic effect. Only the free, or unbound, portion remains active. A drug is
said to be highly protein-bound if more than 80% of the drug is bound to protein.
Identify drug metabolism and the role of isoenzymes in the p450 system - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCYPs are the are the major enzymes involved in drug metabolism accounting
for about 75% of the total metabolism.
MARYVILLE EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSLow albumin = more free drug (bc the drug can't bind to albumin aka protein)
= increased adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: - CORRECT-ANSWERSis considered a contraindication
to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? - CORRECT-ANSWERSHalf-life specifically means the
amount of time it takes for an administered drug to be halfway cleared from the system.
Peak of action: - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe time between drug administration and
maximum concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best therapeutic effect.
Duration of action: - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe time between onset of action and
metabolism of drug below the minimum needed for an effect. The length of time you
have the drug in your system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThe first step is to define the patient's problem
The second step is to - CORRECT-ANSWERSspecify the therapeutic objective
The third step is to - CORRECT-ANSWERSchoose which drug or treatment is needed.
Step 4 of the WHO approach: - CORRECT-ANSWERSStart the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: - CORRECT-ANSWERSEducate the patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: - CORRECT-ANSWERSMonitor the treatment
, Phase 1 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe drug is tested on healthy
volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERStrials with people who have the
disease for which the drug is thought to be effective
Phase 3 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERSLarge numbers of patients in
medical research centers receive the drug in phase 3. This larger sampling provides
information about infrequent or rare adverse effects. The FFA will approve a new drug
application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis phase is voluntary and
involves postmarket surveillance of the drug's therapeutic effects at the completion of
phase 3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports from doctors and other health care
professionals about the therapeutic results and adverse effects of the drug. Some
medications, for example, have been found to be toxic and have been removed from the
market after their initial release.
Explain first pass metabolism - CORRECT-ANSWERSmuch of the drug is lost in the
absorption process. The liver metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces the bioavailabilty of
the drug.
What is the fasted route of absorption: - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe fastest route of
absorption is inhalation, and not as mistakenly considered the IV administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe GI tract is
lined with epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in order to be
absorbed into the circulatory system.
, What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a given drug? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSthe cell membrane. Cell membranes are essentially lipid bilayers
which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid bilayers are generally permeable only
to small and uncharged solutes, hence whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its
absorption, since ionic molecules are charged.
What is solubility? - CORRECT-ANSWERSSolubility favors charged species,
permeability favors neutral species. Some molecules have special exchange proteins and
channels to facilitate movement from the lumen into the circulation.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAbsorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex membrane systems
of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug passage.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on: - CORRECT-
ANSWERSwhether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-soluble drugs easily
cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs can't. Lipid-soluble drugs can also
cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain.
As a drug travels through the body, it comes in contact with? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSproteins such as the plasma protein albumin. The drug can remain free or
bind to the protein. The portion of a drug that's bound to a protein is inactive and can't
exert a therapeutic effect. Only the free, or unbound, portion remains active. A drug is
said to be highly protein-bound if more than 80% of the drug is bound to protein.
Identify drug metabolism and the role of isoenzymes in the p450 system - CORRECT-
ANSWERSCYPs are the are the major enzymes involved in drug metabolism accounting
for about 75% of the total metabolism.
