WGU D333 Ethics in Technology – WGU questions with answers
1.acceptable use policy (AUP): A document that stipulates restrictions
and prac- tices that a user must agree in order to use organizational
computing and network resources.
2.acceptance: When an organization decides to accept a risk because
the cost of avoiding the risk outweighs the potential loss of the risk. A
decision to accept a risk can be extremely difficult and controversial
when dealing with safety-critical systems because making that
determination involves forming personal judgments about the value of
human life, assessing potential liability in case of an accident,
evaluating the potential impact on the surrounding natural
environment, and estimating the system's costs and benefits.
3.advanced persistent threat (APT): A network attack in which an intruder
gains access to a network and stays there—undetected—with the
intention of stealing data over a long period of time (weeks or even
months).
,4.agile development: A software development methodology in which a
erfall
system
system is developed in iterations lasting from one to four weeks. Unlike
equiremen
the wat development model, agile development accepts the fact that
system r
are evolving and cannot be fully understood or defined at the start of the
project.
5.Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
(TRIPS): An agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires
member governments to ensure that intellectual property rights can be
enforced under their laws and that penalties for infringement are tough
enough to deter further violations.
6.American Recovery and Reinvestment Act: A wide-ranging act that
authorized
$787 billion in spending and tax cuts over a 10-year period and included
strong privacy provisions for electronic health records, such as banning
the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails and
encryption, and providing rights of access for patients.
7.annualized loss expectancy (ALE): The estimated loss from a potential
risk event over the course of a year. The following equation is used to
,calculate the annual loss expectancy: ARO × SLE = ALE. Where ARO is
the annualized rate of occurrence, an estimate of the probability that
this event will occur over the course of a year and SLE is the single loss
expectancy, the estimated loss that would be incurred if the event
happens.
8.annualized rate of occurrence (ARO): An estimate of the probability that
a risk event will occur over the course of a year.
9.anonymous expression: The expression of opinions by people who
do not reveal their identity.
10.anonymous remailer service: A service that allows anonymity on the
Internet by using a computer program that strips the originating header
and/or IP address from the message and then forwards the message to
its intended recipient.
, 11.anti-SLAPP laws: Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic
lawsuit against public participation (SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by
corporations, gov- ernment officials, and others against citizens and
community groups who oppose them on matters of concern).
12.antivirus software: Software that scans for a specific sequence of
bytes, known as a virus signature, that indicates the presence of a
specific virus.
13.artificial intelligence systems: The people, procedures, hardware,
software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems
and machines that can simulate human intelligence processes,
including learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the
information), reasoning (using rules to reach conclusions), and self-
correction (using the outcome from one scenario to improve its
performance on future scenarios).
14.audit committee: A group that provides assistance to the board of
directors in fulfilling its responsibilities with respect to the oversight of
the quality and integrity of the organization's accounting and reporting
practices and controls, including finan- cial statements and reports; the
1.acceptable use policy (AUP): A document that stipulates restrictions
and prac- tices that a user must agree in order to use organizational
computing and network resources.
2.acceptance: When an organization decides to accept a risk because
the cost of avoiding the risk outweighs the potential loss of the risk. A
decision to accept a risk can be extremely difficult and controversial
when dealing with safety-critical systems because making that
determination involves forming personal judgments about the value of
human life, assessing potential liability in case of an accident,
evaluating the potential impact on the surrounding natural
environment, and estimating the system's costs and benefits.
3.advanced persistent threat (APT): A network attack in which an intruder
gains access to a network and stays there—undetected—with the
intention of stealing data over a long period of time (weeks or even
months).
,4.agile development: A software development methodology in which a
erfall
system
system is developed in iterations lasting from one to four weeks. Unlike
equiremen
the wat development model, agile development accepts the fact that
system r
are evolving and cannot be fully understood or defined at the start of the
project.
5.Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
(TRIPS): An agreement of the World Trade Organization that requires
member governments to ensure that intellectual property rights can be
enforced under their laws and that penalties for infringement are tough
enough to deter further violations.
6.American Recovery and Reinvestment Act: A wide-ranging act that
authorized
$787 billion in spending and tax cuts over a 10-year period and included
strong privacy provisions for electronic health records, such as banning
the sale of health information, promoting the use of audit trails and
encryption, and providing rights of access for patients.
7.annualized loss expectancy (ALE): The estimated loss from a potential
risk event over the course of a year. The following equation is used to
,calculate the annual loss expectancy: ARO × SLE = ALE. Where ARO is
the annualized rate of occurrence, an estimate of the probability that
this event will occur over the course of a year and SLE is the single loss
expectancy, the estimated loss that would be incurred if the event
happens.
8.annualized rate of occurrence (ARO): An estimate of the probability that
a risk event will occur over the course of a year.
9.anonymous expression: The expression of opinions by people who
do not reveal their identity.
10.anonymous remailer service: A service that allows anonymity on the
Internet by using a computer program that strips the originating header
and/or IP address from the message and then forwards the message to
its intended recipient.
, 11.anti-SLAPP laws: Laws designed to reduce frivolous SLAPPs (strategic
lawsuit against public participation (SLAPP), which is a lawsuit filed by
corporations, gov- ernment officials, and others against citizens and
community groups who oppose them on matters of concern).
12.antivirus software: Software that scans for a specific sequence of
bytes, known as a virus signature, that indicates the presence of a
specific virus.
13.artificial intelligence systems: The people, procedures, hardware,
software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems
and machines that can simulate human intelligence processes,
including learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the
information), reasoning (using rules to reach conclusions), and self-
correction (using the outcome from one scenario to improve its
performance on future scenarios).
14.audit committee: A group that provides assistance to the board of
directors in fulfilling its responsibilities with respect to the oversight of
the quality and integrity of the organization's accounting and reporting
practices and controls, including finan- cial statements and reports; the
