AREC 385 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS!!
4 Ps
Population
Prosperity
Pollution/Environmental resource quality
Productivity in agriculture
wasting
low weight for height
• Measure of current undernutrition in children and adults
• Body Mass Index (BMI): weight divided by the square of height in
meters
• BMI below 18.5 indicates undernutrition
• 36% of adult Indian womens had BMI of less than 18.5 in 2012, (OECD, 2012)
stunting
low HEIGHT for age
• Symptom of past undernutrition
• Symptom of poor fetal growth
• Poor nutrition
• Repeated infections in the first 2 years of a child's life
• Economic recessions, war and gender rules may affect a nation's height
Global Hunger Index (GHI)
,- % underweight/undernourished
-% wasting
-% stunting
-% under 5 mortality
Trend With Child under 5 Health Outcomes (2010-2015)
Stunting: 26.1 to 23.2
Obese: 5.3% to 5.6%
Global Undernourishment Trend
On the rise since 2014
Life Expectancy at Birth Trend (2005 to 2015)
female & male: Asia, L. America, Europe, and World overall increased life expectancy - Africa
is lowest, Europe highest
Male: increased - africa lowest, Europe highest > lower expectancy than females
Female: africa lowest, europe highest
Water Supply and Sanitation Trends (2004 to 2012)
Improved (safe drinking water more than safe sanitation services)
Availability of Food (per-capita) Trend (2000 to 2015)
North America decreased (highest though), Europe slight increase, Australia increase. world
increase, Asia increase, Africa increase, South Asia increase (lowest)
Millennium Development Goals
Goal 1: hunger and nutrition
- Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than USD 1.25 a
,day
-Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young
people
-Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
The proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions has fallen by almost half
since 1990, from 23.3% in 1990 - 1992 to 12.9% in 2014 - 2016.
• Extreme Poverty in the developing world (USD 1.25 per day) has declined significantly from
over 50% in 1990 to 14% in 2015
Around 795 million people are undernourished globally
• Nearly 90 million children under the age of 5 are underweight • Still more than 800 million
people live in extreme poverty
Which province in Pakistan was affected by the drought between 2013 and 2015?
Sindh
In which city in India do Banerjee and Duflo conduct their surveys?
Udaipur >
Only 57% of the people had enough to eat throughout the year
• Body-mass Index (BMI) of the poor is 17.8
• 65% of adult men and 40% of adult women have a body mass index below 18.5 (definition of
underweight according to WHO)
• 72% report at least one symptom of disease
• 43% have difficulty carrying out daily activities (working in the field, walking, or drawing
water from a well)
Ethiopia has achieved rapid economic growth in the past two decades (T or F)
True
, Global population growth is declining between 2005 - 2015 (T or F)
True
All increase in expenditure on food by the poor goes towards buying calories (T or F)
False
Total Fertility Trend
All countries have decreased since 1970... Africa/L America decreased most... but Europe is
least children per woman
Population Growth Trends (2005 to 2015)
Declining
Extreme Poverty
Individuals living in households where the consumption per capita is less than USD 1.08 per
person per day in PPP terms are considered extremely poor (Banerjee and Duflo, 2007).
Poverty
Individuals living in households where the consumption per capita is less than USD 2.16 per
person per day in PPP terms are considered poor (Banerjee and Duflo, 2007).
PPP
Purchasing Power Parity is a method of translating local currency into dollar equivalent by
comparing the purchasing power of the local currency to the purchasing power of the dollar
Paradox with nutrition and poverty
The extremely poor do not spend all of the increase in food-expenditure on buying calories
Studies with Poverty & Nutrition
In India, a $1 increase in total expenditure leads to 66 extra cents being spent on expenditure on
food (Deaton and Subramanian, 1996)
• In Brazil, a $1 dollar increase in total expenditure leads to 25 extra cents being spent on
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS!!
4 Ps
Population
Prosperity
Pollution/Environmental resource quality
Productivity in agriculture
wasting
low weight for height
• Measure of current undernutrition in children and adults
• Body Mass Index (BMI): weight divided by the square of height in
meters
• BMI below 18.5 indicates undernutrition
• 36% of adult Indian womens had BMI of less than 18.5 in 2012, (OECD, 2012)
stunting
low HEIGHT for age
• Symptom of past undernutrition
• Symptom of poor fetal growth
• Poor nutrition
• Repeated infections in the first 2 years of a child's life
• Economic recessions, war and gender rules may affect a nation's height
Global Hunger Index (GHI)
,- % underweight/undernourished
-% wasting
-% stunting
-% under 5 mortality
Trend With Child under 5 Health Outcomes (2010-2015)
Stunting: 26.1 to 23.2
Obese: 5.3% to 5.6%
Global Undernourishment Trend
On the rise since 2014
Life Expectancy at Birth Trend (2005 to 2015)
female & male: Asia, L. America, Europe, and World overall increased life expectancy - Africa
is lowest, Europe highest
Male: increased - africa lowest, Europe highest > lower expectancy than females
Female: africa lowest, europe highest
Water Supply and Sanitation Trends (2004 to 2012)
Improved (safe drinking water more than safe sanitation services)
Availability of Food (per-capita) Trend (2000 to 2015)
North America decreased (highest though), Europe slight increase, Australia increase. world
increase, Asia increase, Africa increase, South Asia increase (lowest)
Millennium Development Goals
Goal 1: hunger and nutrition
- Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than USD 1.25 a
,day
-Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young
people
-Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
The proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions has fallen by almost half
since 1990, from 23.3% in 1990 - 1992 to 12.9% in 2014 - 2016.
• Extreme Poverty in the developing world (USD 1.25 per day) has declined significantly from
over 50% in 1990 to 14% in 2015
Around 795 million people are undernourished globally
• Nearly 90 million children under the age of 5 are underweight • Still more than 800 million
people live in extreme poverty
Which province in Pakistan was affected by the drought between 2013 and 2015?
Sindh
In which city in India do Banerjee and Duflo conduct their surveys?
Udaipur >
Only 57% of the people had enough to eat throughout the year
• Body-mass Index (BMI) of the poor is 17.8
• 65% of adult men and 40% of adult women have a body mass index below 18.5 (definition of
underweight according to WHO)
• 72% report at least one symptom of disease
• 43% have difficulty carrying out daily activities (working in the field, walking, or drawing
water from a well)
Ethiopia has achieved rapid economic growth in the past two decades (T or F)
True
, Global population growth is declining between 2005 - 2015 (T or F)
True
All increase in expenditure on food by the poor goes towards buying calories (T or F)
False
Total Fertility Trend
All countries have decreased since 1970... Africa/L America decreased most... but Europe is
least children per woman
Population Growth Trends (2005 to 2015)
Declining
Extreme Poverty
Individuals living in households where the consumption per capita is less than USD 1.08 per
person per day in PPP terms are considered extremely poor (Banerjee and Duflo, 2007).
Poverty
Individuals living in households where the consumption per capita is less than USD 2.16 per
person per day in PPP terms are considered poor (Banerjee and Duflo, 2007).
PPP
Purchasing Power Parity is a method of translating local currency into dollar equivalent by
comparing the purchasing power of the local currency to the purchasing power of the dollar
Paradox with nutrition and poverty
The extremely poor do not spend all of the increase in food-expenditure on buying calories
Studies with Poverty & Nutrition
In India, a $1 increase in total expenditure leads to 66 extra cents being spent on expenditure on
food (Deaton and Subramanian, 1996)
• In Brazil, a $1 dollar increase in total expenditure leads to 25 extra cents being spent on
