Leadership Roles & Management Functions in
Nursing
A Balanced Scorecard is used to: (Select all that apply)
A) Collect data
B) Gain clients
C) Develop metrics
D) Analyze data - correct answerA. Collect data, C. Develop metrics, and D. Analyze data
Rationale: The Balanced Scorecard assists strategic planners in developing metrics, collecting data, and
analyzing the data. It does not help them gain clients.
A company that always directs problems to managers at the top of the hierarchy is using:
A) Centralized decision making
B) Decentralized decision making - correct answerA. Centralized decision making
Rationale: In centralized decision making, a few managers at the top make most of the decisions,
whereas in a decentralized process, problems are often addressed at the level at which they occur
A nurse is charged with administering a fatal dose of morphine to a patient on hospice. In which type of
court would this nurse be charged?
A) Civil
B) Criminal
C) Administrative
D) None of the above - correct answerB. Criminal
, Rationale: Nurses found guilty of intentionally administering fatal doses of drugs to patients would be
charged in a criminal court. In civil cases, one individual sues another for money to compensate for a
perceived loss. In administrative cases, an individual is sued by a state or federal governmental agency
assigned the responsibility of implementing governmental programs
A nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and reports this to the
charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and refuses to take action. This is an
example of:
A) Moral indifference
B) Moral conflict
C) Moral distress
D) Ethical dilemma - correct answerC. Moral distress
Rationale: Moral distress occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational
constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action. With moral uncertainty or conflict, an
individual is unsure which moral principles or values apply. An ethical dilemma occurs when an
individual is being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
A nurse-manager is attempting to restructure the unit to prevent understaffing of the nurses. The nurses
agree this is a needed change. What type of change strategy would be most effective?
A) Rational-empirical strategies
B) Normative-reeducative strategies
C) Power-coercive strategies
D) None of the above - correct answerA. Rational-Empirical Strategies
Rationale: When using rational-empirical strategies, the change agent assumes that resistance to change
comes from a lack of knowledge and that humans are rational beings who will change when given
factual information documenting the need for change. This type of strategy is used when there is little
anticipated resistance to the change or when the change is perceived as reasonable
Nursing
A Balanced Scorecard is used to: (Select all that apply)
A) Collect data
B) Gain clients
C) Develop metrics
D) Analyze data - correct answerA. Collect data, C. Develop metrics, and D. Analyze data
Rationale: The Balanced Scorecard assists strategic planners in developing metrics, collecting data, and
analyzing the data. It does not help them gain clients.
A company that always directs problems to managers at the top of the hierarchy is using:
A) Centralized decision making
B) Decentralized decision making - correct answerA. Centralized decision making
Rationale: In centralized decision making, a few managers at the top make most of the decisions,
whereas in a decentralized process, problems are often addressed at the level at which they occur
A nurse is charged with administering a fatal dose of morphine to a patient on hospice. In which type of
court would this nurse be charged?
A) Civil
B) Criminal
C) Administrative
D) None of the above - correct answerB. Criminal
, Rationale: Nurses found guilty of intentionally administering fatal doses of drugs to patients would be
charged in a criminal court. In civil cases, one individual sues another for money to compensate for a
perceived loss. In administrative cases, an individual is sued by a state or federal governmental agency
assigned the responsibility of implementing governmental programs
A nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and reports this to the
charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and refuses to take action. This is an
example of:
A) Moral indifference
B) Moral conflict
C) Moral distress
D) Ethical dilemma - correct answerC. Moral distress
Rationale: Moral distress occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational
constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action. With moral uncertainty or conflict, an
individual is unsure which moral principles or values apply. An ethical dilemma occurs when an
individual is being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
A nurse-manager is attempting to restructure the unit to prevent understaffing of the nurses. The nurses
agree this is a needed change. What type of change strategy would be most effective?
A) Rational-empirical strategies
B) Normative-reeducative strategies
C) Power-coercive strategies
D) None of the above - correct answerA. Rational-Empirical Strategies
Rationale: When using rational-empirical strategies, the change agent assumes that resistance to change
comes from a lack of knowledge and that humans are rational beings who will change when given
factual information documenting the need for change. This type of strategy is used when there is little
anticipated resistance to the change or when the change is perceived as reasonable
